基膜

Superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1;SOD) is a metal-containing enzyme that widely exist in organisms. It catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide free radical and produces hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.It plays an important role in protecting the plasmalemma from the reactive oxygen species.A recombinant plasmid pPICZA-sodM18 was constructed and after its linearization was transferred into chromosome of Pichia pastoris GS115 by electroporation.

超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase；EC 1.15.1.1；SOD)是广泛存在于生物体内的金属酶，是机体内唯一以超氧阴离子自由基(O_2~-)为底物的酶，它能专一地催化O_2~-的歧化反应，生成过氧化氢和氧气，能有效的抵御氧自由基和其他氧化物自由基对细胞质膜的毒性，对机体防御氧化损伤起着十分重要的作用。

This dissertation aims to: improvement in regularity of ladderlike polysiloxane through strong H-bonding template and"half-water-hydrolysis"methods; synthesis of several functional polysilsequioxane with ethoxyl, hydro and aminopropyl groups respectively; and the preparation of nanoporous film with good mechanic properties from ladderlike functional polysilsesquioxane with intermolecular porogen via micro-phase separation process.

本论文旨在利用强氢键模板作用和"半水水解-脱氯化氢缩聚"的改进方法，提高反应性的梯形聚硅氧烷的规整度；合成乙氧基封端、含氢基和氨丙基的几种功能性梯形聚硅氧烷；以及探索利用含分子内成孔剂的梯形聚倍半硅氧烷通过微相分离制备低介电常数二氧化硅纳米微孔膜。

In resting cysts, the microtubules under the pellicle, cortical ciliatures, conjunctions between cilia basal bodies, supporting structure of basal bodies and other microtubule structures are absorbed in different extent; microtubule-like assemble bodies appear at the center of the remained cilia basal bodies; the granules of chromatin and nucleolus in macronucleus become smaller whereas nucleus pores of the micronucleus become bigger; the inner membrane of some nucleus pores are attached with chromatin.

结果表明：纤毛虫形成包囊过程中，皮层细胞质中产生具有自噬泡消化特征的细胞器，将部分纤毛结构等逐步消化；休眠包囊中，表膜下微管、皮层纤毛器和纤毛基体间连接、基体托架及其他微管结构不同程度地被吸收、在残剩纤毛基体的中央形成微管形结构聚合体，大核染色质和核仁颗粒变小，核孔增大，并发生染色质附着于核孔内膜的现象；细胞脱包囊期间，皮层细胞骨架、线粒体等经历了在残剩结构基础上的再分化。

AVI may be protein matrix and it possesses neither a membrane boundary nor an internal structure,its formation is the result of the anthocyanins transported into the vacuole bind with a protein matrix. In vacuole, AVI is irregular and jelly-like in shape. In AVIs, the attachment of anthocyanins to the matrix protein is likely to be via H-bonds to a sterically restricted site. AVI is suggested to act as vacuolar anthocyanin "trap", preferentially for anthocyanidin 3, 5-diglycosides or acylted anthocyanins. The emergence of AVI can enhance color intensity and results in the "blueness" of color in the vacuole.

花色苷液泡包涵体可能具备蛋白质基质，既无膜包裹又无内部结构，其形成是转运进液泡的花色苷与蛋白质基质结合的结果；液泡里的花色苷液泡包涵体形状不规则，象果冻；在花色苷液泡包涵体中，花色苷可能通过氢键连接于蛋白质基质的一个有限空间位点；花色苷液泡包涵体被认为是液泡中花色苷的&陷阱&，优先摄取花色素3，5-二糖苷或酰化的花色苷；花色苷液泡包涵体的存在可增加液泡色彩的强度并导致&蓝化&。

Zeta potential,density of surface carboxyl groups,the interaction between carboxyl groups and component in copolymerization emulsion,mechanical properties of films,state of water,particle diameter and distribution of particle diameter and theological behavior of emulsion were investigated by Zeta meter,the conductometric titration, particle size apparatus,dynamic mechanics analysis,differential scanning calorimmetry,scanning electron microscope,rheological apparatus,respectively, to study the mechanism on the water resistance of modified PVAc emulsion.

利用Zeta电位仪、电导滴定法、激光粒度仪、DMA、DSC、SEM、流变仪等手段从Zeta电位、表面羧基密度、羧基和乳液组分中的相互作用、羧酸改性后胶膜的力学性能、水的存在状态、粒径分布、流变性能和微观形貌方面探索了羧基提高乳液耐水性的机理。

Corona present at base of perianth in one to several series of showy filaments; innermost series membranous, partially to entirely fused, margin entire or fimbriate, often incurved over nectar chamber; extra-staminal nectariferous disk present around base of androgynophore, fused to base of hypanthium.

副花冠宿存在基部为一到数轮艳丽的花丝；最内部轮膜质，部分完全愈合，边缘全缘或流苏状，在花蜜的寝室上方通常弯曲的；在雌雄蕊柄的基部周围的特别雄蕊的分泌蜜汁的花盘宿存，对托杯的基部愈合。

This pattern is characterized by the combination of pro-MMP-2 and membrane type 1 (MT1)-MMP expression, which drie pericellular generation of actie MMP-2 and local degradation of normal lier matrix. In addition there is a marked increase in expression of TIMP-1 leading to a more global inhibition of degradation of fibrillar lier collagens by interstitial collagenases (MMP-1/MMP-13). These pathways play a significant role in the progression of lier fibrosis.

其降解肝正常基质，同时抑制引起肝纤维化的纤维胶原降解，这种情况的特点是前明胶酶A合成和膜型1－MMP表达，使得小叶内细胞激活MMP-2和降解当处的正常肝基质，此外血浆1型组织基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂（TIMP-1）明显升高引起广泛的抑制间隙胶原酶(MMP-1/MMP-13)对纤维肝脏胶原的降解。

Delayed Extraction Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometrywas used to high resolution analysis of mix based DNA samples,using the binary matrices 3 HPA(3 Hydroxy 2 Picolinic Acid)/PAand substrate nitrocellose film.

本文使用延迟引出基体辅助激光解吸/电离质谱( DE- MALDI- MS)法，以3-羟吡啶甲酸和吡啶甲酸混合液为二元基体，硝化纤维膜为基底，对混合碱基组成的 DNA样品进行高分辨率测定，获得满意的结果：DNA2 0 - mer分子离子峰分辩率为 8769，DNA 36- mer为 1 650 ，DNA 54- mer为 843，前二者的组成分子离子峰各同位素峰清晰可辩。

The five prosthetic groups (FAD, [2Fe-2S], [4Fe-4S], [3Fe-4S] and heme group) required for electron transfer from succinate to ubiquinone were unambiguously assigned into the electron density map. Besides, we find there are some electron densities around the Qp pocket at the matrix side and we believe it represents the head structure of ubiquinone, which is proved by the inhibitor bound structure that 2-TTFA just locating at the Qp site. At the same time, we find there is the second 2-TTFA binding site, locating the inter-membrane side. This finding will change our knowledge about the electron transfer inside Complex II and the ubiquinone transfer between Complex II and Complex III, and endow a new role of Complex II in electron transfer chain.

除了对各个电子传递体（ FAD ，[2Fe-2S]，[4Fe-4S]，[3Fe-4S]以及血红素分子）进行精确定位外，我们在该结构跨膜区靠近线粒体基质一端的口袋 Qp 中，发现了一些电子密度，认为是所结合的辅酶 Q 的头部结构，这一点被与抑制剂结合的复合体的结构所证明，在该结构中， 2－ TTFA 恰好结合在口袋 Qp 中，同时，我们还发现了第二个2－ TTFA 的结合位点，位于跨膜区靠近线粒体膜间隙一端的口袋 Qd 中，这个发现具有全新的意义，将影响人们对电子在复合物 II 中传递以及辅酶 Q 在复合物 II 与 III 之间转移的认识，促使人们重新复合物 II 在线粒体呼吸链中的角色。

Membrane absorbers are a novel technology for replacing conventional scrubbers for flue gas cleaning.

膜吸收过程是将膜过程与常规的气体吸收过程相结合的一种新型膜基平衡分离过程。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。