基本运算

Given the definition of fundamental operation of arithmetic on connection number a+bi+cj in Set Pair Analysis, researched the property of these operation rules.

摘 要：定义了a+bi+cj型联系数的加法、减法、乘法和除法运算，研究了这些运算的基本规律及其性质，给出了在网络计划等领域的应用实例。

We can use software to do most calculation but not use hardware. The most basic circuit doing calculation in the computer is binary adder. For example, we can use of addition to do subtracting, continuous adding to do multiplication, and continuous subtracting to do division.

在电脑的世界里，可以做任何数字系统且复杂的演算，但是大多数的演算都藉由软体来解决，而非用硬体直接进行各种演算，电脑的硬体或其他数位电路在做算术运算时，最基本的电路往往只有二进位加法器而已，至於减法可藉由补数的加法解决，乘法等於连续的加法，除法则是连续的减法，可见加法器在运算数位系统中的重要性。

Next it gives out some prove and illustrations to the algorithms used in the hardware design, aiming at each calculation modules referred in ECC., which concludes the basic mathematic calculation over binary field and the point multiplication algorithm over elliptic curve.

接下来我们会针对ECC中涉及的各个运算模块，对硬件设计中所用到的一些特殊算法给出相应的证明或者说明，这包含一些二元域上的基本数学运算算法和椭圆曲线上的点乘算法。

Basic operation rules have been established, including addition, positive scalar multiplication, cancellation law for addition and so on.

基本的运算法则已经形成，包括加法运算、数乘运算、加法的消去律等。

In chapter 2, the principle of neural network and fuzzy logic control are introduced briefly.

在第二章，简要介绍了神经网络和模糊控制的基本理论，包括神经元的结构，网络连接方法及其相应的学习算法，模糊集合与模糊逻辑的基本概念及运算关系，模糊控制器的结构，模糊推理的基本方法。

of complex number operation based on complex template of Visual C++ is investigated in detail in this paper,a set of source codes of basic complex number operation are given out;And its application on Singular Value Decompositionof a general complex matrix,which meets the requirement arising in software development of signal processing module of our project very well and is illustrated for the validity of the method,is given out.

该文详细阐述了VisualC++中利用复数模板实现复数运算的方法，给出了一些基本复数运算的实现代码；并基于该方法实现了算法已知的一般复矩阵的奇异值分解运算，很好地满足了实际工程信号处理软件模块的需要，证明了该方法的正确性。

A multidirectional morphological filtering algorithm is proposed by use of the characteristics of morphology's multisolution analysis and fastly-computing.

充分利用形态学的不同结构元多方向形态滤波的多分辨率特性，以及形态学运算固有的能将大量的复杂图像处理运算转换为基本的逻辑与移位运算的组合来完成的特点，提出了一种多方向的形态滤波算法。

However, in the simulation, we found that the equilibrium between growing radicals and nitroxyl radicals was a CPU-intensive and time-consuming process, therefore, a hybrid algorithm with an analytical expression for the exchange equilibrium and with a biased sampling technique for those elementary reactions of small probabilities was used to improve the stochastic algorithm.

并发现，链自由基与氮氧游离基之间的偶合-解离平衡消耗大量的运算时间，为此用偏倚抽样法和杂化运算对模拟进行了改进，得到了与原始方法基本一致的结果，从而大大缩短了运算时间。

The basic principle is that basic geometry shape of openings in the photo is revised; the image can't be distortion by use of projection reconstruction; the corrected image is exerted by open operation and close operation of gray-image; the shape of openings is gained lastly. The perimeter borderline of openings shape is extracted. The quantity of overbreak as well as underbreak is gained by comparing to extracted perimeter and designed perimeter. The same method is applied to other opening sections. Evaluation of overbreak as well as underbreak in the openings can be easily solved in the way of quantitative.

其基本原理是：对野外摄取的洞室的基本剖面形状进行几何校正，然后应用图像学中的投影重建方法使图像不失真，对修正后的图像实行灰度图像的开操作和闭操作运算，得到洞室的基本形状，然后用图像学中的边界提取技术提取洞室的周边界，与洞室的设计形状对比分析，得到洞室在该断面上的超欠挖方量，然后对其它断面采用同样的技术就可评价某一段或整个洞室的超欠挖数量，从定量的角度解决了工程中的超欠挖评价问题。

Elements of C language programming course involve principal concept of programming, basic techniques to design algorithms, data types, operators, expressions, input/output, control structures, structural programming method, arrays, strings, pointers, functions, module programming method, structure, union, bit-wise operation, preprocessor and files.

本课程的教学基本要求包括熟悉并掌握程序设计基本概念、基本数据类型、运算符和表达式；熟练使用基本的数据输入输出方法；掌握 C语言的控制结构、结构化程序开发方法；掌握数组、字符串、指针的概念并能熟练进行应用编程；了解函数概念及程序模块化开发方法；了解结构与共用体，位运算，预处理以及数据文件的基本处理技术。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。