基本类

The RAPD was used to study the genetic diversity of 19 KinXin series potato cultivars. The result showed that 52 RAPD bands were amplified using 7 primer, among them 43 bands were polymorphic, and 4~9 bands were amplified in each lane. The RAPD analysis indicated that the genetic distance of 19 potato cultivars was between 0.17~0.72, average value was 0.39. When all of the polymorphic bands were analysed by cluster analysis, 19 potato cultivars were classified into 3 groups. The analysis showed that there existed close sibship among the majority of potato cultivars, and the genetic distance between the minority cultivars and the others is longer, which indicate that the genetic basis of KeXin series potato cultivars is wide.

利用RAPD标记技术对19份克新系列马铃薯品种进行了遗传多样性分析，分别提取19份马铃薯品种的DNA，进行随机引物多态性扩增，从1000条随机引物中初步筛选出7条有多态性的引物进行详细研究，每条RAPD引物扩增出4~9条带，共获得52条带，其中多态性条带为43条；19份马铃薯品种的遗传距离介于0.17~0.72之间，平均值为0.39，平均遗传距离介于0.31~0.51之间；聚类分析结果在GS=0.53处可将克新系列马铃薯品种划分为三类，聚类结果与系谱分析基本相符，同时也说明克新系列马铃薯的遗传基础有所拓宽。

Second, some mutual relations for two kinds of powers sum polynomial s are been established.

首先 ，给出这类多项式的定义和基本性质；其次，建立两类幂和多项式的相互关系；最后，介绍上述结果在求解自然数幂和公式方面的应用。

After ultra high pressure treatment, limonene concentration was decreased greatly while myrcene and α-pinene concentrations were not changed significantly and the concentration of limonene was decreased by 75% after high pressure treatment of 500 MPa for 15 min,α-terpineol and carvone concentrations were increased significantly. The aldehydes concentrations were retained well. The ester concentrations were changed under high pressure treatment, but generally their concentrations were not changed remarkably.

通过定量检测分析发现：超高压处理对橙汁中的柠檬烯成分影响很显著，经500 MPa的压力处理15 min后其含量下降了75%，而月桂烯和α-蒎烯受高压影响较小；α-松油醇、香芹酮含量经高压处理后迅速增加；醛类特征香气成分基本不受高压影响；酯类成分在高压下会发生变化，但总体变化不显著。

ABSTRACT: Random amplified polymorphic DNA was used in analysing the relationship among twenty-six speices of Amanita from Mangshan, Hunan. Of 40 primers, 6 ones generated reproducible RAPD profiles, and each one produced 1-10 bands. Two primers (OPG15 and OPH04) could differentiate 26 species of Amanita by its RAPD profiles. The similarity coefficients obtained from profiles generated by six primers among Amanita were about 20-60%. A dendrogram was constructed using average linkage clustering for clustering analysis. It indicated that there were two groups in 26 species and some species with ring and membranous volva clustered a group which coincided with morphological classification.

本文对采自湖南莽山的26种鹅膏菌属真菌进行了随机扩增多态性DNA分析，40个随机引物中筛选出扩增效果较好的6个引物，每个引物能产生1～10条DNA条带，获得的RAPD谱带清晰并呈现多态性OPG15、OPH04两个引物扩增的RAPD谱带能将26种鹅膏菌完全区分开来，通过6个引物的RAPD分析获得的平均相似性系数表明种与种之间的相关系数在20―60%之间，平均链锁聚类分析可将26种鹅膏菌分为二大类，且一些具菌环和苞状菌托的种类聚在一起，与形态分类基本相吻合。

Thermodynamic properties of PSf - DMAc - alcohols ternary systems are studied, the binodal is calculated. Cloud point curves from light scattering experiment verify the calculation results; The agreement between the cloud point curves and the binodal is quite well.

文章摘要：对聚砜-二甲基乙酰胺-醇类非溶剂构成的制膜体系的热力学特性进行了研究，计算出这些体系的双结点线，并用这些醇类非溶剂通过光散射法进行浊点滴定实验，浊点曲线与双结点线基本重合，验证了双结点线的计算结果。

However, the food composition of the M. albus with body length more than 100mm were quite consistent, with Chironomidae, Oligochaeta, Pheretima, Cladocera, Copepoda and insect larvae as the major food items.

而全长101-200mm的幼鳝及全长大于200mm的成鳝的食性，随全长变化相对稳定，且幼鳝和成鳝的食谱基本相同，其主要食物组成均包括摇蚊幼虫、水生寡毛、蚯蚓、昆虫幼虫、枝角类和桡足类等。

The result shows that the Giant Panda habitat in Gansu is an under-plant population of forest communities with Fargesia denudate as the dominant species; that Giant Panda make movements at the altitudes ranging from 1 600 m to 2 000 m in Wenxian County and Diebu County; that the characteristics of bamboo population, geographical environment, along with the integrity of forest communities, are taken as the three dominant factors in influencing the life of Giant Panda;and that the features of the habitat are basically stable but reasonable distribution together with strong artificial disturbance is considered as the potential factor resulting in the habitat unstable.

结果表明：甘肃省大熊猫主要栖息在以缺苞箭竹为优势的下木种群森林群落中，其垂直活动范围主要集中在海拔1 600～2 800 m处，水平分布在文县和迭部一带；竹类种群的特性、地理环境和森林群落的完整性是大熊猫栖息生存的3个主要综合要素；甘肃省大熊猫的生境特征基本稳定，但该区竹类种群的正态性分布和人为干扰强度是构成其生境不稳定的重要潜在因素。

In chapter Ⅰ, a historial review of structure control is given; In chapter Ⅱ, A discussion of the controllability and observablity of flexible structures is given, Two kinds of controllability and observablity index are defined, and applied to actuator allocation; chapter Ⅲ considers the reduction of high order flexible structure mode; the content of chapter Ⅳ is about the basic problem of distributed parameter control system design. It is proved that a stable controllor in mode space may be unstable in real use in distributed paramater systems, also, by closed loop mode concept, a pole assignment method of flexible structure controllor design is given; chapter Ⅴ is about the low-authority controllor design, it is pointed out by use of high order eigenvalue/eigenvector perturbation, a better controllor can be designed; chapter Ⅳ considers flexible structure reduced order control; chapter Ⅶ disscusses the basic problem of flexible structure computer control, analyses discreate controllablity and observablity and its computing, the sample period and coefficient wordlength; chapter Ⅷ is on the problem of low flexibility compensation; chapter Ⅸ is a design example.

在第一章简要回顾了挠性结构控制的历史，并且指出控制中的一些问题；第二章讨论了挠性结构的能控性与能观性，定义了两类能控性程度和能观性程度指标，还将能控性程度概念应用于执行器位置的确定；第三章论述了高阶模型的降价问题，比较了适于挠性结构模型降阶的方法，指出其适用范围；第四章内容是分布参数系统设计的基本问题，首先证明在模态空间中设计的稳定的控制器在实际分布系统上可能是不稳定的，进而根据闭环模态的概念，获得挠性结构控制器设计的极点配置方法；第五章的内容是关于低权控制器的设计问题，指出利用特征值高价摄动和特征向量的摄动，可以设计出更加完善的低权控制器；第六章讨论挠性结构降阶控制问题；第七章讨论挠性结构计算机控制的基本问题，分析了时间离散化模型的能控性和能观性及其计算问题，讨论了采样周期选择和系数字长问题；第八章讨论低挠性结构的补偿问题；第九章的设计例子用来说明第二章和第四章的结果。

Based on analysing the impact of obeject- oriented programming languages on testing, firstly ,testing strategies and technologies of obeject-oriented testing are discussed in this paper. The approach of class testing equalling to tradition unit testing is presented and various class testing technologies are studied systematically.

本文在分析面向对象程序设计语言对软件测试影响的基础上，首先讨论了面向对象软件测试的测试策略及测试技术，提出将对类层的测试作为基本的单元测试，继而对面向对象软件类测试技术进行了系统的研究。

The topologic architecture of metazoan trace fossils may be subdivided into 3 clusters, 8 basic topologic configurations, 3 combined topologic configurations and 21 topoichnologic kinds, which are considered to be related to ethologic classifications of trace fossils in origin.

后生动物遗迹的拓扑结构可归并为3 族、8 种基本拓扑型、3 种组合拓扑型和21 种拓扑遗迹类，它们与习性类有较好的成因联系。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。