基本硬件

This paper is major in the research of PROFIBUS-DP protocol and SPC3s kernel program, and gives the hardware and software architrave. The measurement system can not only get the exact data from location but also has the function of self-diagnosis、 self-alarming and self-compensation.

本论文在研究了PROFIBUS-DP现场总线的基本理论的基础上，通过对协议芯片SPC3的资源和通信协议的研究，剖析了SPC3的核心程序，探讨了装置组成的硬件和软件策略，给出了硬件软件系统设计框图，开发出带PROFIBUS-DP接口的热电偶温度检测装置。

Chapter one and chapter two analyse the basis theory and give a whole design plan and expatiate the basic exoterica of system inculding primary technology for application. It involves the basic control theory of satellite antenna and analyse for the whole function. Chapter three gives the hardware design which includes hardware etlectrocircuit structure, principle chart, selecting all kinds of parts of the apparatus , the sensor elements and the design of serial communication electrocircuit etc. Chapter four and chapter five introduce software design for the SCM and the personal computer, giving mainly design theory and material program which includ the design of searching for the satellite and searching for the high-point and the program development by Delphi on PC, explaining the basic principium of asynchronous serial communication for epigyny computer and hypogyny computer.

第一、二两章阐述了系统的理论基础及应用的主要技术，包括卫星天线控制基础理论和整体功能分析等等；第三章是系统硬件设计，包括硬件电路组成及原理图、各类元器件的选取及传感器原理，串行通信电路设计等：第四、五两章是单片机、PC机软件设计，给出了主要部分的设计原理及具体程序，包括监控软件设计、寻优设计、寻星设计，PC端Delphi程序设计开发等，并阐述了PC机和单片机异步串行通信的基本原理，是本课题的重点所在。

Based on the research results of Chaos theory, in this dissertation, it has made detailed analysis of the chaotic signal generator. Firstly, the characteristic and various detection methods of chaotic signal are recommended. Secondly, with the aid of software, such as MATLAB, PSPICE, EWB, etc, discussion of the process of generating chaotic signal proceeds. Through simulation, the output result of several kinds of chaotic circuit are analyzed and compared. Thirdly, aiming at Chuas chaotic circuit, through debugging, the impacts by components and parts in the circuit, such as operation amplifier, capacity, inductor, etc, has been further investigated. And then provides a new scheme to implement Lorenz chaotic system, the circuit design and analysis are presented in detail and it can be realized by the hardware of programmable arrays FPGA, the experimental results indicate that this scheme has the advantages of easy operation, flexible design and high efficiency. An application example in secure communications is also provided. Finally, through picking up the characteristic parameter-Lyapunov exponent of the Chaos we can analyze the performance of different chaotic signal generators.

本文在混沌理论研究成果的基础上，对混沌信号的产生做了详细的分析，涵盖以下内容：首先介绍了混沌的定义，混沌信号的基本特性和各种判别方法，特别是对简单的一维Logistic映射的硬件实现问题做了初步探索；其次对混沌信号的产生方法进行讨论，借助于MATLAB、PSPICE、EWB等仿真软件，对几种混沌电路输出的混沌信号进行了分析比较，并在此基础上针对典型三阶连续自治系统Chua's电路作进一步实验研究，通过混沌电路调试，深入研究电路中各元器件，特别是运算放大器、电容、电感等对混沌信号时域以及频谱的影响；再次研究连续混沌系统的数字化硬件产生，设计了Lorenz混沌电路在现场可编程门阵列FPGA上实现的新方案，在保密通信中的应用实验结果表明该方案具有操作简单、设计灵活、效率高等优点；最后针对不同混沌系统，采取不同算法，提取混沌特性参数Lyapunov指数，进而对不同的混沌信号发生器的性能进行了分析。

A hardware scheme of a multi-channel GPS signal simulator based on DSP and FPGA is proposed in this paper.The basic framework of hardware system is introduced compendiously,and the structure of software and the program flows based on the hardware are presented in detail.The feasibility of this scheme is verified finally.

立足于GPS卫星信号仿真技术，提出了基于DSP+FPGA的多通道GPS卫星信号仿真器硬件设计方案，概略介绍了硬件系统的基本架构，详细给出了基于此上的软件结构和程序流程，最后通过实验验证了该方案的可行性。

This paper brought forward some new design schemes based on the principle and signal processing algorithm of velocity detector, and introduced the hardware construction of the velocity detector based on Depolarizer and S3C2410A microprocessor. The high-efficient ARM program of radical 4-FFT was designed according to the architecture characters of ARM core. In the process of code designing, the instruction scheduling and register allocation were controlled subtly, and the fixed-point number's storage format and computing method of float number were provided. Barrel shifter and 5-lever pipeline were fully utilized and the pipeline interlock was avoided.

针对多普勒测速仪的基本原理和信号处理算法提出了新的设计方案，介绍了由多普勒收发前端和三星S3C2410A处理器构成的测速仪的硬件结构；并结合ARM内核设计特点实现了基4时间抽取快速傅里叶变换算法，针对大多数ARM处理器硬件上不支持浮点运算，提出了把浮点数以定点数格式存储和计算的方法，充分利用桶型移位器和5级流水线，避免了流水线互锁问题。

First of all, we talk about embedded systems and digital radios basic concepts and features. Secondly, the system described in detail the overall function and functions of various modules. On the third, described in detail the hardware system design, and mainly focused on the core hardware system board and the expansion of all parts of circuit board design. Fourth, described in detail the Custom embedded WinCE operating systems, their main task is to reduce, modify Bootloader.

首先，介绍嵌入式系统的基本概念和特点以及本文所论述的结构；其次，详细介绍了系统的硬件的总体设计以及软件的总体设计；第三，详细介绍了系统的各个硬件模块的设计，主要是对硬件系统的核心板和扩展板的各部分电路的设计进行了介绍；第四，详细介绍了嵌入式WinCE操作系统的定制方法，主要工作是对其进行裁减，编写Bootloader；并通过中断和流接口开发基于嵌入式系统的驱动程序，通过修改编写驱动程序让嵌入式系统能够满足当前的项目的需要，实现最小化同时又是最完全的系统；第五，详细介绍了服务器端，嵌入式控制端，采集端3大部分的软件以及自己定制的通讯协议。

Computer's boot process that is simple: the main computer started to boot after the first power supply, motherboard through a series of procedures to start running, this series of procedures for the CMOS on the motherboard is stored and curing, and testing the basic work of a variety of hardware normal conditions to the operating system to take over the control of a variety of hardware and operation of hardware drivers to load into the operating system interface, to start the process of emerging black white English motherboard CMOS process is the procedure to enter the graphical interface is to operate system to take over.

电脑的启动过程简单的说就是：电脑主机开机后首先电源开始供电，主板开始进行一系列的程序运行，这一系列程序是在主板的CMOS里保存并固化的，检测各种硬件的基本工作条件正常后，交给操作系统来接管各种硬件的控制和操作，加载硬件驱动后进入操作系统界面，启动过程中出现的黑屏白字的英文过程是主板CMOS的程序，进入图形界面就是操作系统的接管。

The measured object can be found within a few milliseconds in the raster-scan image. 4 . Two lines delay for the processed image is implemented using two 128×8 shift registers with the configurable logic block in FPGA. A new fully pipelined bit parallel hardware architecture for Sobel edge detection is implemented with FPGA. Furthermore, it takes no more than 2ms to complete the edge detection of an image with 128×128 pixels.

视觉检测信号的前端处理技术 1、系统地分析了视觉检测算法层次性特点和计算特点，提出了提高视觉检测信号处理速度的基本方案：采用前端处理系统，自动识别被测物体在获取图像中的位置，并将真正有用的被测物体的边缘坐标值，提供给计算机，作进一步的高精度处理； 2、系统研究了实时图像硬件处理的设计基本方法，提出了基于FPGA的视觉检测信号的低级处理算法硬件实现模块化模型； 3、提出了一种新的基于FPGA的模板匹配并行模块化结构，解决了二维图像处理高带宽要求，在几毫秒内就可以在按扫描顺序输入图像中找到检测目标物体的位置； 4、采用FPGA内部的可配置逻辑块实现了128×8移位寄存器的设计，解决了大容量移位寄存器与FPGA内部寄存器数量之间的矛盾，实现了两行图像的延迟。

Firstly, the mapping of high level programming language to hardware description language is described, some principles of the conversion of algorithm to state machine are also proposed; Secondly, the basic raster graphics algorithms for drawing 2D primitives are introduced, including self-adaptive algorithm of singl...

首先讨论了高级语言描述到硬件描述语言的映射，提出了算法到算法状态机抽象的规律；然后，介绍了现有的基本图形生成算法，包括直线的自适应算法、三角形边相关扫描算法，宽直线线刷子算法及改进的圆形、椭圆的生成算法，同时讨论了加速算法的研究现状；接下来具体讨论了基本图形的硬件实现，给出了各算法的状态机流程图、接口定义和实现框架，并且从理论角度给出了二次曲线加速算法的证明；最后采用EDA工具对VHDL程序进行仿真、综合并实现。

Check to make sure any newhardware or software is properly installed ,if this is a new installation ,ask your hardware or softuare mamufa cturer for any windows rpdates you might need if preblems continue,diable or remove any newly installed hardware or software ,Disable BIOS memory options such as cathing or shadowing if you need to use safe mode to remove or disable components ,restart your comprter ,press F8to select Advanced star tup options ,and then setect safe mode

检查你的新装的硬件或者软件是否正确安装，如果是最新安装的，那么向你的硬件或者软件制造商要你需要的windows rpdates。卸载或者重装你新安装的硬件或者软件。修改BOIS（基本输入输出系统，开机时按F8就进入页面里了）存储选项，如果你需要进入安全模式来卸载或者重装部件，那么重启你的电脑，按F8按钮选择高级开机选项，然后选择安全模式进入即可。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。