基本研究

Ultrasonic extraction method of valeriana officinalis Linn natural perfume was studied The basic parameters of extraction technology were obtained.

通过超声萃取宽叶缬草天然香料的试验研究，得出了基本工艺参数，探讨了超声萃取过程中的工作机理，试验结果表明：超声萃取天然香料具有较显著的效果，值得进一步研究和开发。

It was discussed in the paper the basic electroluminescent theory of polymers as well as the current study and the development trend of electroluminescent polymers and, especially that of polyphenylene vinylene. On this basis, the relationship among structure, solubility and electroluminescent properties was studied.

本文在讨论了电致发光聚合物的基本发光原理并深入分析了国内外有机电致发光聚合物尤其是聚苯撑乙烯的研究现状与发展趋势的基础上，着重研究了PPV衍生物的结构与它的可溶性以及电致发光特性的关系。

During the period, six papers were published and one was included in SCI. A preliminary phylogenetic and zoogeographical study on some important and related genera were carried out and some important scientific names were corrected.

本项研究共发现中国新纪录属1个及一些中国新纪录种，已发表新种56个；在核心刊物上发表学术论文6篇，1篇被SCI收录；初步探讨了相关类群的系统发育和动物地理学问题，澄清了一些重要物种的学名，为织蛾科的生物多样性研究增加了很多新内容，为有关害虫的防治提供了基本依据。

Dan Ellis, a Columbia University researcher who with graduate student Michael Mandel is working on a music-oriented game, said that in his own playing, he learned quickly to avoid clever terms and stick to the basics.

哥伦比亚大学研究人员丹·伊利斯和研究生迈克·曼德尔正在研究一款针对音乐的游戏，他说在他自己玩的时候，他很快就学会了避免有创意的说法，只用最基本的。

With long term research professor Lin and his fellow men develop theories of "mannikin analogy"、" tissue-equivalent"、"atom、molecule、big molecule design"、" technology of simulate enzyme"、" technology of inherit templet"," quasi-element equivalent method" and "light element substitute method".

经过多年的研究，林教授与其同仁创建了&人体模型的相似性原理&、&人体组织等效性的判别及测试方法&、组织等效材料的&原子、分子、大分子层次设计原理&。用仿生工程模拟酶技术和遗传模板技术成功研究出体内外能量传递和分布辐射、超声、微波、热力学、力学及复合等效的新型仿生材料。这些材料按照人体组织相应的基本元素组成，按照&准元素等效&和&轻元素替代法&避免金属元素的谱线干扰，在医疗照射能谱范围内（60KeV-20000KeV），组织等效性误差控制在5%以内。

According objective analysis on forestry development in history and in present, advantaging and disadvantaging factors for forestry development, the author points out a general target of forestry development in Shanxi Province and also designs the development of classified forest in the near future.

本文在客观分析山西林业的历史、现状、存在的问题、林业发展的制约因素和有利条件基础上，提出了山西林业发展总目标、分区森林发展远景的设想和战略重点，最后研究了实现这一战略的包括转变观念、深化改革、强化法制、依靠科技、加强管理、对外开放等措施，使整个山西林业发展战略的研究基本完成。

According to the energy conservation theory, BOM and CSIM4 were coupled. The BOM has no treatment on transmission solar radiation, which is of great importance when the model is adapted to Arctic Ocean. So the treatment was introduced to BOM. Through numerical test on different lead albedos, it was found that sea ice thickness is not so sensitive to lead albedo, which may be contribute to the lead occupies little ratio within multiyear sea ice pack. The reason of summer over-melt of arctic sea ice is the NCEP reanalysis downward solar radiation being larger than its reality. Then the arctic sea ice climate variability was simulated. Results showed that: simulated ice thickness change is in accord with the submarine investigated mean sea-ice draft changes. Simulated annually maximum ice thickness along the Eurasian continental oceans are closely related to the observed ones. The long-term mean simulated ice motion has the same features of the SSM/I derived ice motion. Sea ice extents in differential sub-regions have same trends comparing to the satellite passive-microwave data derived ones. Simulated ice concentration is closely related to the observed in the Arctic sub-regions. Sea ice flux through the Fram Strait involves ice concentration, motion and thickness. It is a composite criterion for sea ice model evaluation. The simulated ice area and volume export through the strait accord with the satellite derived or statistically reconstructed ones.(5) The simulated ice thickness climate variability and mean sea surface current of the coupled model were analyzed, results showed: the total ice volume in the Arctic Ocean has a significant decreasing trend. The volume variability is of a 10-year timescale oscillation, with two major periods of 12-13a and 18-20a. Mean ice thickness in the arctic sub-seas has different tendencies. It has an increasing trend in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea, and decreasing in the others. The characteristic time scale of 7-10a wherein the river discharges leads the Fram Strait ice volume export is about the period that river water takes to be conveyed across the Arctic Ocean.(6) Using the simulated ice distribution in the Arctic Ocean and China precipitation, air temperature and SST in tropical key regions, the climate teleconnection were studied. Result showed: When the mean sea ice thickness is large in the central Arctic Ocean and Chukchi-Beaufort Sea , and small in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea , the precipitation in South China, Tibetan Plateau, and the north part of Northeastern China are always smaller than normal, and v. v. When the mean ice thickness is small in CA, BC, East Siberian Sea and Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Sea , and large in BL, The air temperature in north-eastern China, the southern of Tibetan Plateau, and Hainan Island, are always lower than normal, and v. v. In addition, when the sea ice is thick in BC and BL, the SST is larger in the middle and eastern Pacific Ocean, and is smaller in the tropical Southeastern Indian Ocean.

由于BOM没有考虑透射太阳辐射的物理过程，研究表明透射太阳辐射对北冰洋的能量收支起到重要作用，因此在BOM模式中引入了对透射太阳辐射的处理；通过对不同水道反照率的数值试验表明海冰厚度对水道反照率的敏感性不强，可能与海冰区水道面积占的比率很小有关；而模式模拟的北极海冰夏季&过度融化&主要源于NCEP再分析资料提供了偏大的太阳短波辐射；对北极海冰的气候变率进行了模拟研究，结果表明：模拟的海冰厚度变化与潜艇探测的海冰吃深度变化具有一致性；模拟和观测的亚欧大陆沿海的年内最大海冰厚度有很好的相关；模拟的海冰移速与长期平均的卫星反演的海冰移速具有相同的速度分布特征；模拟的各个海区海冰面积的变化趋势与卫星反演资料分析的结果基本一致；模拟与观测的主要海洋分区的海冰密集度具有很好的相关：弗瑞姆海峡的海冰体积和面积的输送涉及到海冰密集度、厚度和移动速度，是判断模式模拟能力的一个综合的指标，模式模拟的结果与卫星反演或重建的面积输送、体积输送具有很好的一致性；(5)分析了模拟的北极海冰厚度的气候变率及气候平均表层海流场，结果表明：北极海冰的总体积有显著减少的趋势，北极海冰总体积的变化具有10a际尺度振荡的特点，存在18-20a和12-13a两个主周期；北极海冰的平均厚度在各个海区的变化趋势不同，在巴伦支—喀拉海和巴芬湾—拉布拉多海地区海冰厚度有显著的增加趋势，而其它海区存在减少的趋势；通过对模拟的气候平均表层海流的分析表明，北极河流流量超前弗瑞姆海峡海冰流量7-10年的特征时间尺度与表层海流的气候分布存在着必然联系：(6)利用模拟结果以及中国降水、气温和热带关键区SST资料，讨论了北极各海区海冰平均厚度与中国降水、气温以及热带关键区SST的关系，结果表明：在北极中心海区和楚科奇—波弗特海海冰厚度偏大，在巴伦支—喀拉海以及巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏小，则中国降水在华南地区、青藏高原和东北北部降水偏少，反之相反；在北极中心海区、东西伯利亚海、楚科奇—波弗特海以及格陵兰海海冰厚度偏小，在巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏大，则在中国东北地区、高原南部地区和海南岛附近气温偏低，反之相反；另外，北极楚科奇—波弗特海和巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏大时，在热带中东太平洋海温偏高，而在热带东南印度洋海温偏低。

Under the curriculum basic theory direction and the referring of a great deal literatures, this research circumfusing the subject of curriculum resource's exploring and using discuss the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region Mongolian kindergarten curriculum resource's exploring and using from sides of theoretic and practice with the appropriate handling of various scientific research method .

本研究在课程基本理论指导下，广泛查阅大量文献资料，恰当的运用科学研究方法，围绕课程资源开发与利用这一主题，对内蒙古自治区蒙古族幼儿园课程资源开发与利用进行了理论与实践方面的初步探讨。

Market economy collocates resource with market system, and capital market plays an important role in this process, therefore, capital market will promote industry base of Northeast China in its fashion of economic development, transition of industry structure and so on. Meanwhile, we will prove it is improper to rely on administration to boost region economy, and that in market economy, capital market will be of great value.

一、本文的主要内容文章的逻辑结构主要包括三个层面：一，对资本市场同经济发展相关性的有关理论和实证研究进行了系统梳理，为随后的研究提供了一个必要的理论平台；二，针对振兴东北老工业基地过程中必须解决的三个核心问题，分别进行了定性和定量分析，从而为我们提出利用资本市场促进东北经济振兴的具体措施提供了基本的分析框架和视角；三，根据对资本市场与振兴东北的相关性进行具体分析得出的结论，结合我国资本市场存在的实际问题，提出如何完善资本市场、来促进东北老工业基地经济振兴的若干建议。

The research procedure and findings are put down as follows.First, this paper has a wide review over relevant literatures, and introduces theories of population and regional sustainable development in metropolitan areas to explain population development strategy's important connections with overall social-economic development strategy. Aimed at consolidating adaptability between population development and Shanghai Metropolitan Area social-economic strategy, the study conceptualizes Population Development Strategy and puts forward a research model integrating strategic planning principles, methods and interactions between population and metropolitan area economy.

首先，在对国内外大都市圈相关研究进行综述和评价的基础上，依据大都市圈人口发展以及区域可持续发展的相关理论，从增强人口发展与上海大都市圈社会经济战略适应性出发，阐述人口发展战略作为与社会经济发展战略联系界面的重要性，并结合战略规划的方法和原则以及人口发展与大都市圈经济发展的相互作用关系，给出人口发展战略研究的基本思路及概念模型。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。