基本研究

In this dissertation, we mainly study state transition probability of two-unit series system and paralleled system and stable availability of system.

首先介绍了马尔可夫骨架过程及向量马氏过程的基本知识，可靠性理论的现状及主要研究模型和研究指标。

In this paper, the performance of rapid interior design study graphic thinking mainly from the perspectives of the analysis and discussion on the basic theoretical concepts, and in-depth analysis of the performance of the interior design based on fast mode of thinking - thinking diagram, and on this basis, this paper presents Graphic thinking "Trichotomy" viewpoint: conceptual diagrams, and graphic style of firmness diagram, and then use graphical thinking "Trichotomy" perspective based on the graphic design thinking fast indoor performance of different forms.

本文在对室内设计快速表现的研究中主要从图解思考视角出发，分析与探讨了基本理论概念，并深入分析了室内设计快速表现的基础思维模式——图解思考，在此基础上，本文提出了图解思考的"三分法"观点：理念性图解、样式性图解与坚定性图解，继而利用图解思考的"三分法"观点研究了基于图解思考的室内设计快速表现不同实现形式。

Finally, using this analysis framework and unifying the practice of the reform of institutions and public finance system, this paper preliminarily analyzes the overall way of constructing our country's non-profit organization system This paper makes conclusions as follow:1~, it is necessary to carry on the trichotomy to the field of resources disposition from the point of the supply-demand relation configuration because of the limitations to Bipolar Paradigm between market and government.2~, introducing the market mechanism to the domain of public service is helpful to improve economic efficiency of the supplies, but the lack of the corresponding ethics value standard and the government structure will cause the erosion of public welfare and the loss of commonality and fairness.3~, the sources of the fault to the reform of institutions are the vacancy of public ethics goal and the lag of public service fundamental research, which makes the reform of institutions follow the way of the reform of enterprise.

在完成公共服务分析框架后，作为本论文研究体系的延伸，在本文的最后部分，运用这一分析框架，结合我国事业单位改革和非营利组织发展的实践与公共财政体制改革，初步分析了构建我国公共事业体制框架的总体思路。通过公共服务分析框架的构建，本文得出的基本结论有以下几点：1、市场和政府二分的范式对认识公共服务和公共事业领域的资源配置存在局限性，因此有必要从供求关系构型上对资源配置场域进行三分法的划分。2、简单地在公共服务领域引入市场机制有助于供给者的经济效率提高，但是，如没有相应的伦理价值理念的规范和治理结构，必然会导致对公益消费者公共福利的侵蚀，出现公共性与公正性的流失。3、以推向市场和创收为实质内涵的我国事业单位改革失误的根源，在于公共伦理目标的缺失和对公共服务理论研究的滞后，因而才沿袭了企业改革的思维和方法。

With the demonstration of 35kV line of Qinan substation, it built a numeral value calculation model of on-line data of each pole with EMTP program. Find out some factors of causing lines to outage frequently and the measures how to improve lightning withstand level of lines and decrease the lightning tripping outage of transmission line.

通过对线路基本电气参数的现场实测数据和波过程理论建立了与实际情况极为相符的雷击线路电磁暂态数值计算模型，在此模型基础上分析研究了影响线路耐雷水平的诸多因素，并重点研究了采用线路型避雷器来提高线路防雷性能的机理及影响因素。

Firstly, by defining the basic content of economy sustainable development of mineral resource cities, it pointed out that economy sustainable development of mineral resource cities is the sustainable and tuneful evolution of inside economy system and outside resource, environment and society of mineral resource cities.

在此体系指导下重点对下述三个问题进行了深入研究：首先，从基础理论研究的角度对矿业资源城市经济可持续发展的内涵和基本内容进行界定，指出矿业资源城市经济可持续发展是矿业资源城市内部经济系统与外部的资源、环境、社会的持续和谐进化。

The results show that this kind of roughening elements can possess a wide range of roughness, and the hydraulic resistance decreases with the increase of space between roughness elements, but reduces slowly to a constant, and that flow enters into the turbulently rough zone when Reynolds number reaches about 3 500, in which the hydraulic resistance decreases with increase of relative submergence degree, reducing slowly to a constant too.

通过水槽试验对Y型加糙体阻力特性进行了深入研究。研究结果表明：其糙率具有一个较大的调整范围，且随着加糙间距的增加水力阻力减小，减小的幅度越来越小，最后基本不变；雷诺数在3 500左右水流进入阻力平方区，进入阻力平方区后，随着相对淹没度的增大水力阻力减小，最后达一定值。

After canvassing the basic theories and methods of optimal design, the finite element structure statics analysis of bearing saddle and ANSYS optimal design of turnplate are analyzed respectively. It is propitious to raise efficiency ,improve capability and decrease cost and so on.

在研究了机械优化设计基本理论和方法之后，对主要零件进行了针对性的研究：齿轮轴轴承座结构有限元静力学分析、转盘的ANSYS优化设计。

In this paper, the basic framework is as follows: Introduction is an account of the origins of writing, as well as the historiography of TVA"s early history. In addition, TVA"s background is briefly introduced.

本文的基本框架如下：绪论部分交代了本文的写作缘起，并对国内外学界对早期TVA所作的研究进行了归纳，同时在现有研究成果的基础上提出了自己的写作思路。

It expounded the basicconcept of system theory and typology, and its application in this study.

阐述了系统科学方法论和类型学的基本概念、方法，以及在本课题研究中的应用，从而确定了论文研究的主要思路。

Although there were many accumulated production ,the study of Tian Wen still confront many unfathomed issues ,which include many essence issues.

尽管《天问》研究已积累有大量成果，但《天问》研究仍面临大量未解决的问题，其中包括许多基本问题。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。