基本条件

In this paper the curved spine box girder was taken as a research object,and the shear displacement difference function of large flange plate was put forward.

以曲线脊骨箱梁为研究对象，提出了长悬臂板的剪切位移差函数模式，建立总势能表达式，并应用变分原理导出求解曲线脊骨箱梁剪力滞的基本微分方程和边界条件。

Its rule of change was obtained. On the basis of other studies, the flocculation kinetics and flocs structure was studied. By making some assumptions, collision frequency were presented. Then the the flocculation kinetics model was established through population balance equation. Comparison of experimental data and modeling results indicate that there are the same trend between the two. So the model can predict flocs number and size during flocculation of Yellow River's loess particles without using empirical parameters. The TEM and SEM were used to obsever flocs in the study of floc structure. The flocculation was divided as flocculi, floc and floc aggregate. The flocs structure model was established by assumption that particles position in floc accords with tetrahedron. The fractal dimension of model and experimental flocs was found to be coincident. So the model can reflect the structure of flocs formed in flocculation of Yellow River's loess particles by macromolecule flocculant at a certain extent.

最后，本文还对絮凝动力学和絮体结构进行了研究，在前人研究的基础上，针对高分子絮凝黄河泥沙，对絮凝过程作了一些符合试验条件的假设，建立了颗粒碰撞频率表达式，应用了颗粒数量平衡方程，从而建立了絮凝过程的动力学生长模型，模型计算结果与试验数据对比表明，二者趋势一致，在没有使用经验参数的情况下基本上能够描述黄河泥沙絮凝过程中絮体数量和尺寸分布的变化过程；对絮体结构的研究中，应用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对絮体进行了观察，将絮体分为絮粒、絮团和絮网三个不同的生长阶段，通过假设颗粒结合位置符合正四面体，建立了絮体结构模型，计算得到的模型絮体分形维数基本与试验中的实际絮体相符，在一定程度上能眵反映高分子絮凝黄河泥沙生成的絮体结构。

Its rule of change was obtained.On the basis of other studies,the flocculation kinetics and floes structure was studied. By making some assumptions, collision frequency were presented.Then the the flocculation kinetics model was established through population balance equation. Comparison of experimental data and modeling results indicate that there are the same trend between the two. So the model can predict floes number and size during flocculation of Yellow River's loess particles without using empirical parameters.The TEM and SEM were used to obsever floes in the study of floe structure.The flocculation was divided as flocculi,floc and floe aggregate.The floes structure model was established by assumption that particles position in floe accords with tetrahedron.The fractal dimension of model and experimental floes was found to be coincidentSo the model can reflect the structure of flocs formed in flocculation of Yellow River's loess particles by macromolecule flocculant at a certain extent

最后，本文还对絮凝动力学和絮体结构进行了研究，在前人研究的基础上，针对高分子絮凝黄河泥沙，对絮凝过程作了一些符合试验条件的假设，建立了颗粒碰撞频率表达式，应用了颗粒数量平衡方程，从而建立了絮凝过程的动力学生长模型，模型计算结果与试验数据对比表明，二者趋势一致，在没有使用经验参数的情况下基本上能够描述黄河泥沙絮凝过程中絮体数量和尺寸分布的变化过程；对絮体结构的研究中，应用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对絮体进行了观察，将絮体分为絮粒、絮团和絮网三个不同的生长阶段，通过假设颗粒结合位置符西安建筑科技大学博士学位论文合正四面体，建立了絮体结构模型，计算得到的模型絮体分形维数基本与试验中的实际絮体相符，在一定程度上能够反映高分子絮凝黄河泥沙生成的絮体结构。

The study we have performed demonstrated that the main roof first broke with asymmetry character; gully mining-induced slope was divided into multilateral blocks by surface advance cracks. Furthermore, multilateral blocks rotated and subsided by the function of extrusion and friction between the broken rock block above the goaf and the rock mass advance the coalface.

冲沟坡体下开采时，基本顶初次破断具有不对称性；冲沟采动坡体被地表超前裂隙切割成多边块状，并在两侧坡体的夹持摩擦作用下缓慢回转下沉；相同地质条件下，坡角越大，采动坡体对工作面矿压影响越大。

The main researches are as follows:(1) The formatian of hydrodynamic film in rolling deformation zone depends on oil viscosity, rolling speed and inlet conditions, which influence hydrodynamic film thickness, pressure, friction force and slip forward.

整个研究工作包括以下几个方面： 1 研究了轧制变形区形膜基本机制的流体动力学理论与实践，分析了轧制油粘度、轧制速度以及咬入条件对流体润滑形膜厚度的影响，建立了流体润滑轧制变形区膜厚、压力、摩擦力、前滑的模型，首次提出了用稳定轧制因子判断流体润滑轧制过程是否稳定和轧件表面质量的方法。

In terms of the water-in-oil emulsion theory, emulsion materials, emulsion methods, main additives and the volume ratio of oil and water were selected and then a basic formulation of the water-in-oil emulsion fracturing fluid was screened out. On the base of it above, the optimal formulation was optimized following the properties of reservoirs of Gars oil field, Qinghai Province and the performance of it was evaluated referring to SY/T5107-95. In the end of this paper, a idea of job design and technologies of fracturing optimize of the water-in-oil emulsion fracturing fluid were put forward.

论文首先从油包水乳化液的理论研究入手，通过对乳化材料、乳化方法的评选以及乳化剂、稠化剂、破乳剂、助排剂等添加剂和油水体积比的评选实验，筛选出了基本满足要求的油包水乳化压裂液配方体系：在此基础上，根据青海尕斯油田中浅层油藏的特征，进一步优化出符合该油藏条件的最佳配方压裂液体系，并参照石油与天然气行业标准SY/T5107-95对该配方油包水乳化压裂液进行了性能评价：最后提出了可行的油包水乳化压裂液施工设计思路及相应的压裂优化技术。

The paper introduces the basic principle about the new designing method of the external gear shaper cutter ,limited condition of the transformed cutter displacement factor,the formation of the limited ared and its relationship with the calculation curve of the cutter tip-circle's radius.

叙述了外插齿刀设计新方法的基本原理、转换后插齿刀变位系数选择的各限制条件、限制区域的形成及其与插齿刀齿顶圆半径计算曲线之间的关系，并通过实例介绍了其设计步骤。

According to the principle of mechanics, with the consideration of the gravities of coal dust particles and liquid droplets, coal dust size and humidity, under the condition of force balance when the coal dust was raised, the authors obtained a theoretical formula for the threshold velocity of coal dust with humidity.

作者根据力学的基本原理，考虑颗粒和液滴重力、煤粉颗粒尺寸和湿度的影响，利用煤粉颗粒起动时的力平衡条件，推导出在风的作用下，具有一定湿度的煤粉颗粒开始扬起的起动风速的理论表达式。

The results suggested that chitinhad a good solubility in the new solvent when its at -30℃and below, but the solubilityof chitin no longer increasesd notable as the temperature reduced; The joined of urea, incertain degree, strengthened the solvency of alkali solvent to chitin. When theconcentration of sodium hydroxide is 8%～12%, Chitin had a good solubility, and theapparent viscosity of chitin solution could up to 4000 mpa·s～5000mpa·s at roomtemperature; In addition,the solubility of chitin in new solvent was high when therefrigerated time was three days and above, but the refrigerated time could not too long,otherwise, the deacetylize degree of chitin got more bigger. The properties of chitin solution were tested by revolving viscosimeter, FT-IR,X-RD and so on.

结果表明，在-30℃及以下甲壳素能很好的溶解于新溶剂中，但甲壳素的溶解度不再随温度的下降而有所增大，而是基本保持不变；尿素的加入，在一定程度上强化了强碱溶剂对甲壳素的溶解，当新溶剂中NaOH浓度为8％～12％时，甲壳素在试验温度下可以获得较好的溶解度，所得溶液在室温下的表观黏度达4000 mpa·s～5000mp·s；冷冻时间为3 d及以上时，有利于甲壳素的溶解，超过3 d，甲壳素的溶解度变化不大，另外，冷冻条件下，甲壳素在强碱溶剂中仍会发生脱乙酰化反应，冷冻时间不宜太长。

Basic geological conditions for migration and accumulation mode of the deep marine basin are similar to the shallow ones, but the basin has deeper sags and rifts, bigger deposits and infillings, developed source rocks, and good source-reservoir-caprock associations.

该深水盆地油气运聚成藏的基本地质条件亦与浅水区类似，但陆坡深水区凹陷裂陷更深、沉积充填规模更大，且发育4套烃源岩和3套储盖组合类型，使深水油气运聚成藏有了良好的基础。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。