基本参数

Ultrasonic extraction method of valeriana officinalis Linn natural perfume was studied The basic parameters of extraction technology were obtained.

通过超声萃取宽叶缬草天然香料的试验研究，得出了基本工艺参数，探讨了超声萃取过程中的工作机理，试验结果表明：超声萃取天然香料具有较显著的效果，值得进一步研究和开发。

The virial coefficients are basic thermophysical properties that can be used to define a wide range of thermodynamic properties and are important in molecular theory.

维里系数是流体最基本和最重要的热力学参数之一，与人类的日常生活和生产实践密切相关，也是发展分子热力学理论不可或缺的重要手段。

By regression of experimental data, therules of the linkage between these factors, which will provide a theoretical basis for designing BBP with different scales.3 Using thermal analysis technology and dynamic thermogravimetry, the paper studies combustion kinetic characteristics of 3 types of agricultural crops at different rate of temperature rise, and thus, achieved dynamic parameters of these fuels at different rate of temperature, established dynamic model of straw combustion, which reflects the dynamic process in the fast combustion area.4 Characteristics of straw briquette combustion was experimented, focusing on the impact of straw type, temperature, air supply, and density, diameter, and weight of briquette on the combustion speed, and the following conclusions were drawn:(1) combustion of straw briquette fuel is static permeation diffusion combustion;(2) temperature has a larger impact on the speed of straw briquette combustion than air supply; the higher the combustion temperature is, the faster volatilizable component separates out, and the less steady the combustion is;(3) density of briquette fuel has impact on the speed of volatilizable component separation and therefore the combustion speed;(4) increase of diameter and weight of briquette fuel increases the average combustion speed in the initial stage, and that in the later stages is comparatively steady;(5) the proportion of volatilizable component in straw briquette fuel is high, therefore, the temperature control during combustion under the rational ventilation condition is essential to ensure its safe combustion.5 Using the above-mentioned results of experiments and theoretical analysis, and based on thought of hydraulic driven and bi-direction compression, the hydraulic system and compression parts of the HBP BBP are re-designed in terms of industrialization.

利用热分析技术，采用动态热重实验法，对我国的三大农作物秸秆在不同升温速率下的燃烧动力学特性进行了较系统的研究。得到了各原料在不同升温速率下的动力学参数；建立了秸秆燃烧的动力学模型，该模型反映了秸秆迅速燃烧区的动力学过程。 4 对秸秆成型燃料的燃烧特性进行了试验研究。着重研究了秸秆河南农业大学博士学位论文巫的种类、温度、空气供给量、成型燃料密度、直径、质量对成型燃料燃烧速度的影响并得出如下主要结论：①秸秆成型燃料的燃烧方式属于静态渗透式扩散燃烧。②秸秆成型燃料燃烧速度受温度的影响大于通风量燃烧速度的影响：燃烧温度越高，挥发分析出速度越快，燃烧平稳性愈差。③成型燃料密度影响成型燃料挥发分的析出速度，影响燃烧速度。④成型燃料直径和质量的增加，使得燃烧初期的平均燃烧速度增大，中后期的平均燃烧速度相对平稳。⑤秸秆成型燃料含挥发分比例高，因此合理配风下的控温燃烧是保证其完全燃烧的关键。 5运用已取得的试验和理论分析结果，以液压驱动、双向成型为基础，从产业化的角度对HBP型成型机进行了液压系统和成型部件的改进设计；同时采用了二级预压机构，使该成型机的生产率达到 500kg.hd；单位能耗 60kwh。上'左右，磨损件修复周期 300小时左右，基本解决了影响生物质固化技术在国内推广的技术难题。

The geology research of carbonate reservoirs in Ordovician of Tahe oilfield showed that many large dissolved vugs and fractures were developed. The spread of the reservoir take on a very heterogeneous state. And the typical fractured-vuggy reservoirs was formed. According to the combination of the various spaces, the formation was divided into vuggy formation, fractured-vuggy formation and fractured formation. The research showed that development of the vug is relevant to the its position on the structure, the fractures, the water surface and the weathering surface. Multi-phase charge and recharge of the oil in the reservoirs resulted in the complexity of the fluid distribution. So the"Bottle Model"was brought forward to explain the movement of the water-oil contact. The special storage space and the complex fluid distribution lead to the unstability of the production and the complexity of the water cut. In order to explain the characteristic of the fracture-vug unit was brought forward and the basic principle and method of the partition of the fracture-vug unit was formed. The classification and evaluation of the units were performed according the reserve and energy. Based on the research of geology characteristic and the fluid flow in the reservoir the comprehensive numerical simulation plan of the fractured-vuggy reservoirs were established. Through the selection of the simulation unit, fluid flow type and parameter equivalent the triple media reservoir simulation model was established. Considering the practical application the model was resolved by the DKR decomposition conjugate grads method. Based on the fine reservoir description of Dsitrict IV of the Tahe oilfield the various space type were classified and combined together. The geology model of Unit S48 was constructed. Two typical single well model was established according to the geology and the dynamic phenomena. Finally the single well model and the Unit S48 were simulated by the triple media reservoir simulator. Via the local grid refinement and coarsening in the simulation good matchs were gained. Based on the results of the simulation the reserve distribution, percent of reserve produced in various space and the natural energy were analyzed. The fluid was storaged in the fractures and vugs mostly and more than 90% the produced oil came from the systems. The energy belonged to the active one. The results of simulation accorded with the fact and showed the validity and practicability the research and the simulator.

塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩油藏的地质研究表明，其储层中发育着很多大型的溶蚀洞、缝，储层的平面展布呈现出极度的非均质性，形成了典型的缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏，根据各种孔隙介质在储层中的组合，将储层分为了溶洞型、裂缝-溶洞型和裂缝型三类；研究表明溶洞储层的发育和构造位置、裂缝的发育、潜水面和风化面的位置等因素有关；多期充注的油气成藏模式导致了流体复杂的赋存状态，由此提出了所谓的&瓶子模型&，解释生产过程中油水界面的变化；特殊的储集空间类型和流体分布特征导致油田在开发过程中表现出很大的不确定性和含水变化的复杂性，为了合理的解释油气田开发过程中的动态特征，提出了&缝洞单元&的概念，并制定了&缝洞单元&纵横向划分的基本原则和依据及划分方法，并对&缝洞单元&进行了分类和评价；基于地质特征和流体在其中流动规律的研究，提出了缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏的数值模拟综合解决方案，通过模拟单元的选择、流动类型和参数的等效，建立了三重介质油藏三维三相数值模拟模型，采用不完全LU分解预处理共轭梯度法进行了求解；在塔河油田4区精细油藏描述的基础上，将各种类型的孔隙空间进行了归类组合，建立了S48单元的地质模型；通过对油井生产动态进行分析研究，建立了两类和油井地质、生产动态相对应的单井模型；最后应用三重介质油藏数值模拟软件对单井模型和S48单元进行了数值模拟，通过局部加密和粗化等技术模拟流体流动规律，取得了很好的拟合效果；结合数值模拟结果，分析了各种介质中的储量分布、储量产出的百分比以及地层的能量，认为塔河油田缝洞型油藏中流体绝大多数储集于缝洞系统之中，所产出流体90%以上也来自于缝洞系统，其底水能量属于较充足的类型；模拟结果和油田实际情况符合较好，说明了地质研究和油藏数值模拟研究的正确性。

Numerical simulation of micropolar fluids elastic lubrication with mixed friction in mechanical seal;2. The basic line contact elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication equations for micropolar fluids were developed on the basis of the theory of micropolar fluids.

应用微极流体理论，考虑流体的可压缩性，建立线接触微极流体动力润滑的基本方程，进行固液两相流体稳态流动弹流润滑数值分析，获得了润滑油膜压力、形状以及摩擦力分布，分析了微极参数对润滑性能的影响，并与不可压缩流体结果进行比较。

On the basis of parameterization technology based on feature and assembly modeling technology based on Top Basic Skelton, a Top-down modeling method which combines skeleton model with dominant parts is put forward, and accomplished a product design with it.

本文研究了支持自顶向下设计的产品功能建模与装配模型，在基于特征的参数化技术以及基于顶层基本骨架的建模技术基础上，提出了骨架模型与主导零件相结合的自顶向下建模方法，完成了具体的产品设计。

The results indicate that, at the level of 10% probability of exceedance in a 50-year period, peak acceleration in Changde area is largest,the areas where PGA0.5m/s2 have been obviously broadened,and the regions where PGA1m/s2 in the central and southern hunan area have been aggrandized, on the contrary,peak acceleration in Yueyang area is lower than current seismic hazard map of China,the peak ground motion distribution patterns in each metropolitan city of the North China are consistent with current seismic hazard map of China.

本文的结果表明，在50年10%超越概率下，常德地区的峰值加速度最大，区内峰值加速度大于0.5m/s-2的区域面积明显扩大，大于1m/s-2的区域在湖南的中部和南部有所增加，岳阳地区峰值加速度偏小，但本文所得的峰值加速度分布趋势与中国地震动参数区划图基本一致。

This paper introduces methods of choice data which is about the sensible latent load and MoiSpuie load of automobile airconditioning.

而汽车空调的舒适性评价参数主要是指汽车空调的热、湿负荷，即汽车空调热、湿负荷是确定空调系统送风量和空调设备容量的基本依据。

Based on equivalent analysis theory, a practical performance of workflow system is simplified and analogized by four basic modules of random Petri net, and some functional parameters are obtained.

文中选用了基于随机Petri网的工作流系统模型性能等价分析理论，针对一个具体的流程实例，利用随机Petri网的四种基本模型对此流程进行了逐步地化简和分析，最后得到了一些性能指标参数。

The writer conceptualizes the hydrogeol ogical model, and the corresponding three dimension mathematical model has been built,the Finite Difference Method is used to solve the mathematical model. After calibration and verification of the model, the adopted geology parameters basically accord with the concrete hydrology geology condition.

模型校正结果表明所建立的数学模型具有较好的拟合程度，所确定的地质参数基本符合本地区的具体水文地质条件，可以用于本区地下水资源评价。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。