基本原则

This course emphasizes the fundamental knowledge of designing flow、layout and designing rules、means、procedure and alignment chart of water supply and drainage pipe system.

本课程教学重点在讲授给排水工程的基本知识、设计流量的概念、给排水工程规划设计原则、方法、基本步骤和计算图表。

In light of environment science, the unique and complex environment system of culture heritage was studied, and essence of the system was expounded with description of basic characteristics of entireness, difference, instability and multiplicity. The protection of culture heritage was quantitatively assessed with environment capacity and ecological law. General principle for culture heritage protection was also proposed.

从环境科学的角度，对独特而复杂多变的文化遗产环境系统做了较为深入的研究，总结了文化遗产环境系统的基本概念，并阐述了其整体性、差异性、不稳定行、多样性等基本特征；运用环境承载能力、生态学定律等环境科学概念重新考量文化遗产环境系统的保护工作，并创造性的提出了文化遗产环境系统保护的一般性原则。

Then the basic fundamental and method of the computation of thermal load of the heated parts of internal-combustion engine are elaborated, the deflective differential equation of heat conduction, basic equation and boundary condition of the theory of thermo elasticity and numerical computation by FEA are introduced.

接着阐述了求解内燃机受热零部件热负荷的基本原理和方法，介绍了热传导的偏微分方程、热弹性理论的基本方程和边界条件确定的原则以及用有限元法进行的数值求解。

Once more, on the text this paper studies and discusses the fundamental, including network accounting connotation, similarities and differences of network accounting and traditional manual accounting and CAIS, technology criteria of network and some advantage; influencing, on trad- itional accounting theory(mainly focusing on, general principle etc.), ob- taining and making use of information; specialty, risk and precautionary, and so on. it puts forward the consult and sug- gestion.

再次，在主体部分围绕网络会计的基本原理(包括网络会计的内涵、网络会计与传统手工会计和会计电算化的异同、网络会计系统的技术标准、及其具有的优点)，网络会计对传统会计理论的影响(集中在会计的核算前提条件、核算一般原则等方面)，网络会计下会计信息的获取与使用，网络会计具有的特殊性及由此产生的风险和防范措施等若干方面进行详细的研究和探讨并阐述个人的基本观点，从而为网络会计在我国的健康顺利发展及为经济建设服务提供有益的参考和建议。

The situation of the basic farmland protection in China is not optimistic, forexample: the Protecting Power of quantity is inadequate; the ignorer of quality Protectionis serious; the space arrangement is far from reasonable and so on.

论文首先介绍了国内外在基本农田保护方面的研究动态以及在国内开展本项研究的意义，然后提出了基本农田保护区规划的指导思想以及应遵循的原则。

This course enables the students to understand bio-properties and their applications, also master the following focuses: basic theory of biochemistry, microstructure and properties of inartificial biomaterials, bioadaptability and selecting rules of biomaterials, microstructure, preparation principles and applications of current biomedical materials, and survey for biomimetic materials science, which lay a foundation for students to research and develop biomedical materials in future.

本课程的教学目的在于使学生了解材料的生物性能和作为生物医用的适应性，掌握生物化学基本原理，天然生物材料基本结构和性能，材料的生物适应性和生物医学材料选用原则，现有生物医学材料的结构、制备原理和应用情况，以及仿生材料学概况，为学生今后从事生物医学材料研究开发奠定必要基础。

It analyzes that the detailed contents of the management of city wandering mendicancy salvation are to provide them with material salvation for them to keep a basic living standard, to protect their basic human rights, and to share with them the fruits of social development.

借鉴参考国外相关制度的历史发展进程，应用有关政府职能、公平与正义、保护弱势群体等原则和理论，分析现行城市流浪乞讨人员救助管理办法的具体内容，可以发现，现行的救助制度具有对流浪乞讨人员进行物质帮助、维持基本生活、保障基本人权、使其能共享社会发展成果的功能，因而具有显著的进步意义。

Therefore,in doing student work, they must firmly carry out the party's basic line, give priority to education in ethit,strengthen the teaching of the "two lessons"(morl and Marxist-Leninist lessons),so give fo full play to the "two lessons" in education in ethic,adhere to the Principle of taking academic teaching a...

因此，高校学生工作必须坚定不移地贯彻执行党的基本路线，必须坚持德育首位的原则；强化&两课&教学，充分发挥&两课&在德育工作中的主阵地作用；要坚持以教学为中心的原则，克服思想教育与教学工作&两张皮&的问题；要从严治校，加强学生管理，建设好学生骨干队伍，充分发挥学生的&三自作用&。

We have the honour to make this statement on human rights, sexual orientation and gender identity on behalf of 1 - We reaffirm the principle of universality of human rights, as enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights whose 60th anniversary is celebrated this year, Article 1 of which proclaims that "all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights"; 2 - We reaffirm that everyone is entitled to the enjoyment of human rights without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status, as set out in Article 2 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Article 2 of the International Covenants on Civil and Political, Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as well as in article 26 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; 3 - We reaffirm the principle of non-discrimination which requires that human rights apply equally to every human being regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity; 4 - We are deeply concerned by violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms based on sexual orientation or gender identity; 5 - We are also disturbed that violence, harassment, discrimination, exclusion, stigmatisation and prejudice are directed against persons in all countries in the world because of sexual orientation or gender identity, and that these practices undermine the integrity and dignity of those subjected to these abuses; 6 - We condemn the human rights violations based on sexual orientation or gender identity wherever they occur, in particular the use of the death penalty on this ground, extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, the practice of torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment, arbitrary arrest or detention and deprivation of economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to health; 7 - We recall the statement in 2006 before the Human Rights Council by fifty four countries requesting the President of the Council to provide an opportunity, at an appropriate future session of the Council, for discussing these violations; 8 - We commend the attention paid to these issues by special procedures of the Human Rights Council and treaty bodies and encourage them to continue to integrate consideration of human rights violations based on sexual orientation or gender identity within their relevant mandates; 9 - We welcome the adoption of Resolution AG/RES.

附录：关于性倾向和性别认同联合声明中英文联合声明中文我们很荣幸地代表做出这一关于人权、性倾向和性别认同的声明 1 -如同宣布&所有人类生而自由，平等享有尊严和权利&的《世界人权宣言》——今年是该宣言发表60周年——第1条中所昭示的那样，我们重申人权的普遍性原则； 2 -如同《世界人权宣言》第2条和《公民、政治、经济、社会和文化权利国际公约》第2条及《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》第26条中所陈述的那样，我们重申所有人都有权享有人权，不受任何种类——如种族、肤色、性别、语言、宗教、政治观点或其他观点、国家或社会出身、财产、血统或其他身份——的区别对待； 3 -我们重申要求将所有人权平等应用于所有人类，无论其性倾向或性别认同如何的非歧视原则； 4 -我们深切关注基于性倾向和性别认同的侵犯人权和基本自由的现象； 5 -我们还对世界各国由于性倾向或性别认同而针对人们的暴力、骚扰、歧视、排斥、污名化和偏见，以及这些做法破坏了遭受这些虐待者的完整性和尊严感到不安； 6 -我们谴责基于性倾向和性别认同的侵犯人权行为，无论这些行为发生在哪里，尤其是以此为由使用死刑，法外处决、即审即决或任意处决，酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚的做法，任意逮捕或拘留，以及剥夺经济、社会和文化权利，包括健康权； 7 -我们回想起2006年，五十四个国家在人权理事会面前发言，请求理事会主席提供一个未来在适当的理事会会议上讨论这些侵犯人权行为的机会； 8 -我们赞赏人权理事会特别程序和条约机构对这些问题给予的关注，并且鼓励他们继续将对基于性倾向和性别认同的侵犯人权事件的考虑纳入其有关权限中； 9 -我们欢迎美洲国家组织大会在其2008年6月3日的第38次会议上通过了关于&人权、性倾向与性别认同&的AG/RES。

Cooperative principles of International Cooperative Alliance reflect the spirit of Rochdale Principles.

国际合作联盟的合作原则体现了罗虚代尔原则的基本精神。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。