基本力

The article finally through analyzing of the Zhejiang YiwuBinwang bridge temperature load, obtained the CFST arch bridge temperature stress rules with the temperature load which is including from top to bottom and from margin to core of arch-rib when the temperature value、 steel pipe wall thickness value and marking value of concrete change. The rule is that the axial force、 bending moment, as well as the shearing force elevates along with the change of temperature increases, so the control section stress which is linear relationship is. The article further proved the change of steel pipe wall thickness and marking value of concrete is not remarkable influence on temperature stress and internal force of arch ribs control section.

文章最后通过对浙江义乌宾王大桥温度荷载分析，得出了在由上至下和由周边向核心呈梯度变化的温度荷载作用下钢管混凝土拱桥结构应力随温度值、钢管壁厚值和混凝土标号值变化时的规律，即：轴力、弯矩以及剪力随着温度变化值增大而增大；钢管混凝土拱桥主拱肋的控制截面应力值亦随之增大，基本呈线性关系；并通过计算论证了拱肋各截面应力、内力值同钢管壁厚的变化、核心混凝土标号变化无关。

Finally it analyzes the feasibility that using hydromechanics to analyze traffic flow by contrasting various characters between traffic flow and fluid flow. It analyzes influence of road alignment to basic expressway segment capacity by hydromechanics, and obtains viscous resistance and viscous movement differential equation when the vehicle drives on circular curve segment of expressway. And it infers that viscous resistance is correlated with sideway force coefficient, slope of crown and radius of circular curve. Radius of circular curve, sideway force coefficient and slope of crown are bigger, viscous resistance is smaller, the influence to capacity is smaller when the vehicle is running on nearside lane of circular curve; but radius of circular curve and sideway force coefficient are bigger, slope of crown is smaller, viscous resistance is smaller, the influence to capacity is smaller when the vehicle is running on fast lane of circular curve.

最后通过对比交通流与流体流的相似性，运用流体力学分析了道路线形对快速路基本路段通行能力的影响，求出了车辆在曲线路段的粘性阻力，建立了车辆在曲线路段的粘性运动微分方程，并由此推知，粘性阻力与横向力系数、路拱横坡度和圆曲线半径都有关系，当车辆在圆曲线外侧车道上行驶时，圆曲线半径、横向力系数和路拱横坡度越大，粘性阻力就越小，对道路的通行能力影响就越小；而当车辆在圆曲线内侧车道上行驶时，圆曲线半径和横向力系数越大，路拱横坡度越小，粘性阻力就越小，对道路的通行能力影响就越小。

The instability originated in the upper R_B-like convection zone develops to larger region with the increase of Grashof number, and the number of non-axi-symmetric circulations decreases. When Grashof number exceeds another critical value, cooling air may invade the cavity and flow toward the shroud, the circulations decrease to one pair occupying the whole cavity in radial, thus these two zones are merged into one. The core structures in the cavity rotate against the disks, while the structures keep no change at the case of periodic oscillatory flow. With the Grashof number rises, the flow undergoes stable, periodic, periodic with cool air invading, quasi-periodic and ultimately to chaos.

离心浮升力是造成非等温轴向通流旋转盘腔内流动不稳定的主要因素，而哥氏力的存在加剧了流动不稳定性，导致流场失稳提前发生，而且在哥氏力的作用下流线发生偏转，盘腔内r-θ面出现了旋向相反的对涡，流动结构更加复杂化；随离心浮升力的继续增加，r-θ面的对涡减少，当其超过某一临界值后部分冷流体侵入盘腔，对涡减少至一对，而且沿径向充满整个盘腔；此后随离心浮升力的增加对涡的数量不再变化；r-θ面的对涡相对于盘面周向移动，但是形状基本保持不变。

This study shows that for improving development effect in the cyclic flooding, order of roles played by various forces are: capillary force, elastic force, while gravity plays no part in it basically.

研究表明，在周期注水改善开发效果中，各种力所起的作用大小不同，毛管力的作用是主要的，弹性力的作用是次要的，重力基本不起作用。

For the more, we study the anchor and hanging performances of expansion bolt in the masonry. The results indicate that this kind of masonry can satisfy the requirements of anchor or hanging force in decoration of building.

通过锚栓在砌体中的后锚固性能试验研究和墙体吊挂力试验研究，表明砌体具有一定的锚固抗拔性能和抗弯剪荷载能力，基本能够满足后装修较小锚固力及吊挂力要求。

The relationship between fictitious equilibrium force and factor of safety is complex in the initial steps during the iterative procedure.

分析了虚拟平衡力与边坡安全系数间的变化规律，研究了通过迭代求解非线性方程确定在虚拟平衡力趋于零时边坡安全系数的基本原理。

A,an=not ab,abs=away ad,a,ac,ad,af,al,an,ap,as,at=to;at ambi=both ana=up ante=before anti=against auto=self be=do bene=good cata=complete cent=hundred circum=around co,com,con=together contra=against de=down,off dec,deka=ten dia=across dis=apart duo,di,twi=two dys=bad en=make ento=inside epi=upon equi=equal eu=good ex,ec,e=out fore=ahead hetero=different holo=complete homo=same hyper=above hypo=below in,il,im,ir=inside;not infra=below inter,intel=between intra,intro=within iso=same macro=big mal=bad medi=middle mega=giant meta=change micro=small mis=wrongly mono=one multi,poly=many neo=new nona,ennea=nine ob,oc,of,op=toward oct=eight omni=all orth=straight pan=all para=beside per=through peri=around post=after pre,pri=before prin=first pro=forward quad,tetra=four quint,penta=five re=back retro=back se=apart semi,demi,hemi=half sept,hepta=seven sext,hexa=six solo=alone sub,suc,suf,sug,sum,sup,sur,sus=under super,sur=over supra=above syn,sym=same tele=far trans,tra=across tri,ter=three un,ne,non=not uni=one ultra=beyond

成年人学英文的第一课和第二课刊出后，有数位读者写E-mail给我。有一位说道：「一篇文章的每一个单字都查到解释了，但整篇文章就是看不懂，怎麼办？」另一位说：「我的文法很差，没办法写完整的英文句子，要如何补救？」当发音和字汇都掌握住学习要领之后，剩下的就是「读」和「写」了，这才符合学习英文的正确步骤：听→说→读→写。台湾传统的学习方式由「写」开始，再「读」，然后才「说」，最后再去补救「听」力，可以说是背道而行，难怪效果不彰。那麼学习「读」的要诀是什麼呢？当然最重要的是能够了解整个句子的涵义。记得初中的时候背了很多文法规则，考试的分数虽然很高，但是对「读」的能力没有帮助。连那个时候流行的「英语九百句型」，也从来没有耐心读完过。然而我们今天能够看懂中文的文章，难道是因为我们熟悉中文的文法吗？答案是否定的。同样地，一个美国人虽然能阅读报纸，但是要求他做「英文文法分析」，他可能也会傻眼。英文的句子其实不需要去靠文法书中的规则去了解，文法书只应当作参考书，在有疑惑的时候才去查阅。平常应养成「约定成俗」的习惯，就是看别人怎麼用，然后「依样画葫芦」，日积月累，文法规则就化为无形了。因此，要训练「读」的技巧，不应该是靠文法规则，而是要多读。但是在读之前，要具备「了解句子」的基本能力，这就是我们的第三课─了解英文句子的要诀。了解英文句子的关键，在於先抓住「主词」和「动词」。看到一句很长的英文句子，不要害怕：先找主词，再找动词。动词如果是「及物动词」，再去找「受词」。主词、动词、受词之外，剩下的通通当做修饰语，有的修饰主词，有的修饰动词，有的修饰受词，有的修饰全句；任何两个完整的句子都可以用连接词连接起来。以上简单几句话，就是了解英文句子的基本观念。了解英文句子的第二步是熟悉英语的五种基本句型，其中前两种与不及物动词有关，后三种与及物动词有关。以下的句子中，用大括号表示{主词}或{受词}，中括号表示，剩下的部份都是修饰语。第一种与不及物动词有关的基本句型叫做「简单不及物句型」（Intransitive Verb，简称I），请背住以下五个句子

In teaching the content including three-view drawing and axonometric drawing in Technology and Design Book one which is published by Suzhou's Education Press, firstly the writer has made a adjustment on the order of the teaching content and a complementarity on the concept of the proportion of the three-view drawing.

执教《技术与设计1》三视图和轴测图的绘制教学内容，在教学实施中，对教学内容知识顺序作以调整，补充三视图比例概念，使用平面结构形体、曲面结构形体、组合结构形体模型实测画三视图；轴测图内容补充斜二测轴测图的绘制，使学生掌握识读工程图的基本方法、培养绘制工程三视图的基本能力、了解工程图的基本规范，初步养成按标准绘制工程图的良好习惯，挖掘学生对技术设计的内核的深刻理解和自身的原创力。

Then the flow regime in the wells is studied.Firstly, the energy dissipation engineerings are systematically concluded. Then circular stilling well hydraulic model is made.The paper presents guidelines to aid the designers in determining optimum well geometry for their specific needs. General design criteria have been established to determine well size based on design discharge, Q, and diameter of the standard sleeve valve, D.

本文首先较系统地总结了消能工的研究现状；设计制作圆形深筒式消力井水工模型，通过试验及数据分析建立了圆形深筒式消力井各变量间的函数关系式，得出圆形深筒式消力井水力设计的基本方法，即已知设计流量和进水管直径，由曲线可得到圆形深筒式消力井的最优尺寸，并运用工程算例进行验证。

Therefore, in this paper a new mechanics method is studied, i. e. a group of equations were set up and solved by the equilibrium conditions of the couple system. The transmission ratio and the meshing efficiency calculation formula were derived by this method. According to the law of conservation of energy. Hence then the above profound problems are analyzed and solved in a simple way. epicyclic gear train ; couple system ; transmission ratio ; meshing efficiency

故根据平面力偶系平衡条件可以很方便地推导出轮系传动比和啮合效率公式，与其它方法[卜3]不同之处还在于，本文根据能量守恒定律，不需分析啮合功率的流向，便可解决啮合效率的计算问题。1理论基础1.1基本周转轮系的力矩关系式图1为常用的2K—H型基本周转轮系，当轮系匀速转动工作时，根据受力平衡条件，作用在▲图l 2K_H基本轮系三个基本构件上的力偶矩应满足以下关系式[1]：兰=簇=撬㈤一1一涅稍一1一涅稍

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。