基本元件

The results show that all the hmgr genes from pigs, cattle and chickens are astable enzyme proteins with the same gene sequence characteristics and encoding protein and physical and chemical properties; all the amino acid sequences have a high degree of homology, containing two conservative HMG-CoA binding motifs and two NADPH binding motifs; all the amino acid sequences, containing signal peptide, are secreted proteins; they are all hydrophobic transmembrane proteins with five transmembrane domains; random coil and α-helix are the main structural elements in the HMGR polypeptide chain; all the predictions of three-dimensional structure are V- shaped; there are more closer evolution relationship between the HMGR gene from pigs and cattle.

结果表明：猪、牛和鸡HMGR基因序列特点及编码蛋白质理化性质基本相同，均属不稳定类酶蛋白；保守结构域氨基酸序列具有高度的同源性，均含有保守的2个β-羟基-β-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A结合基序和2个还原性烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸结合基序；均有信号肽，属分泌型蛋白质；属于跨膜的疏水性蛋白，均有5个跨膜结构域；无规则卷曲和α-螺旋是HMGR多肽链中的主要结构元件；三维结构预测都呈"V"字形；猪和牛HMGR基因的进化关系最近。

This research work has solved the problem of batch processing micro-optical elements. It is significance in developments of technology and economy.

这一研究基本解决了微光学元件的低成本批量生产问题，具有重要的技术和经济价值。

This is the part that has the computer's basic circuitry and components.

这是一部分，有电脑的基本电路及元件。

In the new expressions, the definition of fundamental magnifying factor for the 4 kinds of circuits is the same. They are easy to solve A in calculation, without considering the loading effect of feedback network any longer, and an unidirectional conversion can be made; meantime, they can directly describe the effect of every circuit component parameter on closed-loop voltage gain.

新关系式中4种电路基本放大倍数的定义相同，容易计算，不再需要考虑反馈网络的负载作用，而做单向化变换，并能直观描述各电路元件参数对闭环增益A的影响。

This course will cover: fundamental electrical circuit quantities, and circuit elements; circuits laws (Ohm law and Kirchhoff voltage and current laws); series and parallel connections of circuit elements; operational amplifiers; network theorems; nodal and mesh analysis methods; analysis of natural, step response, and response to sinusoidal input of first and second order circuits; phasor analysis; introduction to computer emulation to electrical circuit.

中文简介：本课程将覆盖以下内容：电子电路的基本原理，电路元件，基本电路定律(欧姆定律，基尔霍夫电压定律和基尔霍夫电流定律)；电子元器件的的串连和并联；运算放大器；网络理论；节点分析法和网孔分析法；一阶电路和二阶电路的普通信号，阶跃信号及单音信号的响应特性的分析；矢量分析法；并介绍计算机电路仿真的相关知识。

Chapter three (the methods of generating chaotic signal and its applications): In this chapter firstly the mechanism that a simple kinetic system, subsection linear map system, can generate chaotic phenomena is affirmed, the characteristics of correlation function of the chaotic signal generated by this system are simulated, on this basis a simple applicable method for generating chaotic signal is given; secondly some typical circuits generating chaotic signal are designed, also use operational amplifier to design a third -order autonomous circuit with chaotic dynamics. The basic mechanism and typical structures of chaos in the application of communication are introduced systematically and a simple method is provided for generating pseudo random code signal; At last Chaotic signal is applied into the analysis of system characteristic.

第三章(混沌信号产生方法及其应用)首先针对一类简单动力学系统——分段线性映射系统能够产生混沌现象的机理及由该系统所产生的混沌信号的自协方差函数特点进行了证明和计算机仿真，提出了软件产生混沌信号的一种实用方法；其次分析讨论了几种能够产生混沌信号的典型混沌电路，提出了用运算放大器与阻容元件实现三阶自治混沌电路的基本原理；概述了混沌在通信领域中应用的基本原理和典型结构，提出了产生伪随机码信号的一种简单方法；最后将混沌信号用于系统的特性分析中。

This project is to analyze the distribution of the light in the high-power laser system, it bases on principles of ray optical, use the paraxial ray trace and real ray trace , proposes a new data structure and way to simulate the light in the optical system in the computer.

本课题就是以含衍射元件的大功率激光装置中由于多次残余反射形成的鬼像为研究对象，从光线光学的基本原理出发，应用近轴光线与空间光线追迹相结合的技术路线，提出一种新型的分析方法和数据结构，开发出用于含衍射元件的高功率激光系统杂散光分析的软件。

Aiming at the features of the mute circuit of PVW2000 series video-recorder with power on, illustrates their general principles, offers the inner circuit to the power on pulse generator M51957BL, the parameters for the main parts and the reference voltage for every key points in different conditions.

针对PVW 2 0 0 0系列录像机中开机静音电路的特点，对其基本原理进行了详细的分析，给出了电源检测元件M5 195 7BL的内部电路、各主要元件的参数以及不同状态下电路中各关键点的参考电压，指出了系统内不同单元开机静音电路的差异及电路故障的排除方法。

We also focus on the meta analysis in microarray data of diverse stress on Saccharomyces cerevisiae from different labs to find stress unchangeably expressed genes, and the regulatory elements analyzed by AlignACE tool.

另外，我们还阐述了用meta方法来综合各个实验室的酵母在不同环境刺激条件下芯片数据进行分析，发现一些环境刺激表达基本不变的基因，再用多序列比对识别调控元件工具分析得到一些保守的调控元件。

CoFe2O4 is sensitive to low concentration alcohol and acetone, for other gases it has not sensitivity, so this material may be used to inspect low concentration alcohol and acetone.

研究发现，CoFe_2O_4制作的元件对低浓度的乙醇和丙酮气体有较好的灵敏性，对其他气体基本没有气敏性，因此，该材料可用于上述两种气体的低浓度检测；在乙醇和丙酮的低浓度范围内，两种气体的浓度与该元件的灵敏度呈良好的线性关系。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。