基底的

Also called calcrete, a hardened layer in or on a soil formed on calcareous substrata, formed in arid and semiarid regions as a result of fluctuating climatic conditions by calcite that precipitates out of solution as water evaporates at the surface.

也称为钙质结砾岩，是一种在土壤中或土壤上形成的石灰质基底的硬化层。在干旱和半干旱地区由于气候条件的变化，随着水分的蒸发，土壤溶液中的方解石在表面沉淀下来逐渐形成了这种地层。

The Conclusions are: 1. The surface morphology and the area of the cutting plane exerts great influences on the fabrication of s-BLM. Good surface morphology would help to improve the stability of s-BLM in the process of its thinning.

本论文得到的主要结论如下：(1)金属基底的表面形貌和端面面积对双层类脂膜的制备有很大影响，平整的表面形貌有助于增加双层类脂膜在变薄过程中的稳定性。

New material indicates differing ontogenetic trajectories for their forelimbs: In Ichthyostega, the pattern of muscle attachment processes on small humeri resembles that in "fish" members of the tetrapod stem group such as Tiktaalik, whereas large humeri approach the tetrapod crown-group condition; in Acanthostega, both small and large humeri exhibit the crown-group pattern.

过去，研究人员相信Acanthostega是在化石记录中最像鱼的陆地动物，但这一有关Ichthyostega 迁徙前肢的新发现表明，Ichthyostega 应该在进化树上占有一个更基底的位置，而其它的种系（如Acanthostega）可能是从Ichthyostega 所进化而来，而非反过来的情景。

On March 3, the child developed a generalized papular vesicular rash on the face, neck, and upper extremities, and was transferred to a tertiary-care facility in Chicago where contact precautions were implemented. He had had a fever 2 days before his hospital admission and weeping skin lesions beginning on February 24. By March 7, the rash had worsened, with umbilicated lesions with an erythematous base, mostly on the hands, forearms, neck, chest, face, and knees, encompassing 50% of the keratinized skin.

到了3月3日，该名28个月大的儿童在脸部、颈部和上肢长出全身性丘疹水泡，而被转诊至芝加哥的一所第三级医疗单位，於该处执行接触传染预防措施；该名儿童在住院前两天发过烧，且自2月24日开始因皮肤的水泡难耐而哭泣；到了3月7日，发疹病况持续恶化，形成红斑性基底的脐形水泡，大多是长在双手、双臂、颈、胸、脸和双膝上，包括50%的角质化皮肤。

He main purpose of trapeziometacarpal distraction arthroplasty is to avoid trapeziectomy, thereby leaving the length and stability of the base of the thumb intact and saving surgical and rehabilitative time.

M牵伸关节成形术的主要目的是避免大多角骨切除术，因此可以使拇指的力量和基底的稳定性得以最大程度的保留，节省外科手术和康复的时间。

A holographic pattern, formed adjacent to the material layer on a surface of at least one of the transparent substrates, changes a divergence angle of the light by diffracting or transmitting without diffraction the incident light according to change of the refractive index of the material layer.

与材料层相邻地形成在至少一个透明基底的表面上的全息图案根据材料层的折射率的改变通过衍射入射光或者无衍射地透射入射光来改变光的发散角。

Most strong earthquakes occurred on the large areomagnetic variation belts. The lateral heterogeneity of basement, which inferred by large areomagnetic variation, vailed stress concentration, earthquakes preparation and occurrence. We also get distribution of crustal thickness and continental deformation features in SYR from gravity data.

康定—绵阳一带刚性基底的阻挡造成了青藏高原下地壳物质向东的塑性流动被迫转向南东—南南东方向，进而造成了川滇菱形块体内广泛的地壳增厚，布格重力异常等值线呈向南东伸出的舌状是其地壳增厚作用的直观反映。

It was found that the homogeneous orientation tendency of azobenzene was a common phenomenon in the self-assembled films fabricated by electrostatic layer-by-layer dipping process of the side-chain azo polyelectrolytes and poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride); substituents that link to azobenzene have influences on the orientation of azobenzene in self-assembled films,which could be attributed to charge interaction and dipolar interaction between the chromophores and the polycation substrates.

研究表明，侧链型偶氮聚电解质自组装膜中偶氮生色团普遍存在一定程度的沿面取向。偶氮生色团所带端基的类型对其在自组装膜中的取向程度有较大的影响，这主要取决于偶氮生色团与聚阳离子基底的电荷相互作用和极性相互作用等。

It was found that the homogeneous oriention tendency of azobenzene was a common phenomenon in the self-assembled films fabriemed by electrostatic layer-by-layer dipping process of the side-chain azo polyeleetrolytes and poly (diallyldimethyl armnonium chloride):suhstituents that link to azobenzene have influences on the orientmion of azobenzene in self-assembled films,which could be attributed to charge interaction and dipolar interaction between the ehromophores and the polycation substrates.

研究表明，侧链型偶氮聚电解质自组装膜中偶氮生色团普遍存在一定程度的沿面取向。偶氮生色团所带端基的类型对其在自组装膜中的取向程度有较大的影响，这主要取决于偶氮生色团与聚阳离子基底的电荷相互作用和极性相互作用等。

With the silver colloid, the bands at 732, 960 and 1333 cm-1 for adenine, 1466 cm-1 for deoxyribose, and 1652 cm-1 for the C=O group of thymine are observably enhanced.

实验结果表明，在银胶作为基底的SERS光谱中，归属于腺嘌呤组分的732cm-1、960cm-1、1333cm-1以及归属于胸腺嘧啶C=O基团的1652cm-1的拉曼信号得到明显的增强。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。