基层

Finite element method is employed to analyze to the effect of asphalt pavement with changing thickness and modulus of semi-rigid base course.

利用有限元法，通过改变半刚性基层的厚度和弹性模量对沥青路面的影响，分析得出了适当的增加半刚性基层的厚度、底基层的厚度和底基层弹性模量，可以提高路面的力学性能和使用寿命，但是当基层的强度达到一定的强度后，再增加它的强度对路面的影响不是太大。

The touch condition of the first and second interlayer have greater influence to the tension stress of the bottom layer.The first interlayer has fatefully influence to the shear stress, while the touch condition of the third interlayer affects the compression strain of the top of ground.

基于以上考虑，面层与半刚性基层、高强度的半刚性基层与低强度半刚性底基层、底基层与土基的3个接触面是半刚性路面结构的最薄弱的地方，分别定义为第一、第二、第三接触面。

Synchronously, there were a lot of problems and lack: we didn"t have prefect knowledge of importance of the primary organizational thought and theory construction. The primary organizational institution and coverage of the party can"t adapt to the new situation of colleges and universities development. Primary organizational cohesion, creativity, fighting ability must be enhanced and raised up. The fosterage education development and management to the communists must be enhanced and raised up too.

但同时，高校基层党组织建设存在种种问题和不足：对党的基层组织思想理论建设问题的重要性认识不到位；基层党组织设置和覆盖面不适应高校新形势的发展；基层党组织的凝聚力、创造力和战斗力有待进一步加强和提高；对党员的培养、教育、发展、管理有待进一步规范和加强。

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In view of the wide application of cement stabilized macadam base the advantages of cement stabilized macadam base are introduced.

结合水泥稳定碎石基层的广泛应用，介绍了水泥稳定碎石基层的优点，提出了水泥稳定碎石基层施工的质量控制要点及减少水泥稳定碎石基层裂缝的方法，以保证水泥稳定碎石基层的质量。

Results of analysis show that Generalized Paris Law can consider the complex crack propagation in the material of the pavement structure. The fatigue life of the pavement increases with increasing thickness of surface layer in a power function. Use of a thicker surface layer may extend the service life of the asphalt pavement. The fatigue life increases with decreasing modulus of surface layer in a power function with a negative exponent. However, since reduced modulus would scarify the structural strength and might cause rutting-related distress, caution should be taken when using low modulus materials for improving fatigue performance of asphalt pavements. The fatigue life increases with increasing modulus of base material in a power function. However, the fatigue life can not infinitely increases with increasing modulus of the base.

计算与分析表明：广义Paris公式可以考虑沥青路面结构内材料复杂的裂缝扩展：沥青面层的疲劳寿命随着面层厚度的增加以幂函数的形式增加，适当增加沥青面层厚度可以提高路面的使用寿命；沥青面层的疲劳寿命随着面层材料模量的降低以负指数的幂函数形式增加；由于材料模量的降低将牺牲路面的整体强度并可能引起路面车辙类损坏，以此提高疲劳寿命的方法应慎重对待；沥青面层的疲劳寿命随着基层材料模量的增加呈幂函数的形式增加，但由疲劳方程可以看出，寿命并不是随基层材料模量的增加而无限的增加，疲劳曲线在经过一个上升段后，逐渐趋于一个常数值，这说明，这时基层模量对寿命已不作关键性贡献；随着底基层厚度的增加，面层的疲劳寿命近似地呈线性函数增加，但效果并不很明显。

With an ascending segment, the fatigue life curve tends to a constant. The fatigue life of the pavement increases nearly linearly with increasing thickness of subbase in a power function.

现行沥青路面设计方法中，通常先拟订面层厚度，以基层或底基层作为设计层，轴载次数的变化由基层或底基层的厚度调整。

There is few effective methods to evaluate road base construction quality,which caused it in an uncontrollable condition.falling weight deflectometer was used to evaluate the uniformity of the road base to reflect the construction quality.

由于缺乏评价基层施工质量的有效方法，导致基层施工质量处于失控状态。采用落锤式弯沉仪评价基层模量的均匀性来反映基层施工质量。

According to the test result,we determined the mixing ratio s of bottom base layer(float-dense type) and bottom layer(skeleton-dense type),based on which,we determined further the cement consumption of bottom base layer and base layer respectively according to the optimal water content and standard density of samples.

对水泥碎石基层的集料进行了筛分等各种实验，根据实验结果，确定了底基层为悬浮—密实型、基层为骨架—密实型的配合比，在此基础上根据试样的最佳含水量及标准密度确定了底基层、基层的水泥剂量，通过室内、外实验检测，取得预期效果。

In order to realize a strong province in economy in the western area and the final goal of harmonious Shaanxi Province,we should construct and improve a well-going basic government mechanism,democratic decision mechanism,efficient executive mechanism,government-dominated public se...

只有建立和完善促进经济良性运行、科学发展的基层政府机制，公民参与、民主科学的基层政府决策机制，依法办事，廉洁高效的基层政府行政机制，政府主导、多元参与的基层政府公共服务机制，运转协调、透明阳光的基层政府信息反馈机制，逐步形成政府和各种社会组织多元化主体互动的基层政府治理新格局、新机制，才能尽快实现建设西部经济强省和和谐陕西的奋斗目标。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。