基因型

For example, HLA associations with vitiligo include HLA-DR4 in Caucasian Americans, DR4 and DQW3 in black Americans, DR4 and DR6 in a Dutch caucasoid population, DR7 and DQW3 in north Italians, DR7 in Omanis, DR1 in Hungarians, DRW12 in north Germans, and DW7 in Slovakians. Negative association of DR1, DR3 and DR52 were observed in north Italians. With the DNA typing of HLA, it was found the frequencies of HLA-DRB1〓0701, DQB1〓0201, DPB1〓1601 alleles were significantly increased in Slovak patients and DRB4〓0101 were increased in Dutch patients.

此后发现美国黑人与DR4、DQW3明显相关；匈牙利、德国和斯洛伐克患者中，HLA-DR1、DRW12和DW7抗原频率分别升高；HLA-DR7与意大利患者明显相关，而DR1、DR3则明显降低；荷兰患者中HLA-DR4和DR6抗原频率明显升高，而DR3明显降低；HLA-DR7与阿曼人明显相关，而肢端型又较局限型明显升高。90年代后，DNA分型法用于HLA的研究，发现斯洛伐克患者与HLA-DRB1〓0701、DQB1〓0201、DPB1〓1601明显相关；荷兰患者的DRB1〓0400，〓0901，〓1300、DRB4〓0101、DQA1〓0301、DQB1〓0302，〓0303基因频率升高，而DRB1〓1100、DQA1〓0501降低，但经校正后，仅DRB4〓0101有显著意义。

Of the total number treated 198 had Genotype 1, 26 had genotype 2 and 138 had genotype 3 disease.

所有治疗的患者中198例为基因1型，26例为2型，138例为3型。

Methods Ten mature Wistar rats were divided into normal control group (5 rats) and adenovirus (E1, E3-Deleted and carried math1 and enhanced green fluorescent protein report gene, Ad-Math1-EGFP) scala vestibuli transfer group (5 rats). Right ears of the Ad-Math1-EGFP transfering group rats were deliveried 5μl Ad-Math1-EGFP (physical tite 2.1×10^11v.p./ml) into cochleas through the way of drilling scala vestibuli of cochlear basal turn. As a control, the normal group received nothing to inner ear. In order to estimate functional condition of vestibule and cochlea, the click-evoked potentials on the surface of the cervical dura mater, auditory brain stem response and swimming time were recorded in all rats at 7 days after treatment, and then histologic and morphologic observation were carried out after animals were sacrificed. Results All animals' morphologic observation showed that inner ear hair cells were normal after transfer.

将10只成年Wistar大鼠分为正常对照组和缺失E1、E3基因片段且构建有Math1基因和绿色荧光蛋白报告基因的复制缺陷型腺病毒(adenovirus-Math1-enhanced green fluorescence protein， Ad-Math1-EGFP)前庭阶导入组，每组5只，实验组大鼠在右耳通过耳蜗底回前庭阶打孔的方法导入物理滴度为2.1×10^11v.p/ml的上述腺病毒5μl，对照组大鼠不做任何处理。7天后对动物进行颈髓硬膜外短声诱发电位(click-evoked potentials on the surface of the cervical dura mater， CDM-CEP)、听性脑干反应阈值检测和游泳试验，评价前庭和耳蜗功能，然后将动物处死进行组织形态学观察。

Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to detect the COCH and POU3F4/brn4 gene's expression. To investigate in vitro characteristics of COCH gene's expession, two factors were introduced in the culture medium of spiral ligament type Ⅰ fibrocytes respectively. Firstly, phosphorothionate-modified antisense oligodeoxynucleiotides to POU3F4/brn4 mRNA was applied to study the regulation effects of POU3F4/brn4 to COCH gene transcription.

引入人工合成的针对POU3F4／brn4基因mRNA的反义硫代磷酸寡聚脱氧核苷酸，干扰耳蜗螺旋韧带Ⅰ型成纤维细胞POU3F4／brn4的表达，免疫印迹检测反义干扰细胞POU3F4／brn4蛋白条带的强弱，RT-PCR检测反义寡核苷酸干扰细胞COCH基因转录水平的变化，观察POU3F4／brn4对COCH基因的转录调控作用。

After inserting the mutant fluorescence protein gene into the vector, the novel vaccinia virus vector p16H1FP and p16H2FP to express proteins as fusion products containing an additional amino-terminal stretch of six histidines were constructed.

我们用PCR扩出N-端融合6×His·Tag多克隆位点基因序列，插入p16表达载体，并在其多克隆位点下游装入带有巨细胞病毒启动子的突变型荧光蛋白基因，构建成两个读框的N-端融合6×His·Tag并带有荧光蛋白报告基因的分离型痘苗病毒表达载体。

Axonal degeneration similar to that observed in KIF 1A mutants has also been reported for several neurodegenerative diseases such as senile dementia and most recently Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A by another synaptic vesicle precursors transporter KIF1B knockout mice. In some neurodegenerative diseases, neuronal cell death caused by defects in the transport of synaptic vesicle precursors by KIF1A may be involved.

和KIF1A基因剔除鼠相似的轴突变性在一些神经退行性疾病如老年性痴呆的研究中也有发现，特别是最近，与KIF1A一样运输突触小泡前体的KIF1B基因剔除鼠与Charcot-Marie-Tooth二型疾病的关系，更提示了KIF1A基因的功能缺失，与神经退行性病变及神经元死亡的发生有不可分割的关系。

The thymidine kinas gene was cloned from human herpes simplex virus Ⅱ by PCR techniques; eukaryon expressing vector pcDNA3/tk and pcDNA3/angio/tk fusion gene was constructed by DNA recombination; The treating effects of human primary liver cancer strain SMMC-7721 in vitro and nude mouse model transplanted with human liver cancer in vivo are studied.

通过PCR技术，由人单纯疱疹病毒DNA克隆获得单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型胸苷激酶基因；通过基因工程技术，构建真核表达质粒pcDNA3/tk及融合基因真核表达质粒pcDNA3/angio/tk；研究其对人原发性肝癌SMMC-7721细胞株的体外杀伤作用及对人原发性肝癌裸小鼠移植瘤模型的治疗作用。

This thesis with lie to lead to acquire through the agriculture rod bacteria of turn the gene paddy rice T0 and a seeds in order to experiment the material, the adoption PCR examination and Southerns are miscellaneous to hand over the examination to combine together of method, pass the examination conversion plant posterity in the HPT( the Hygromycin phosphotransferase) gene, study the outside source gene in turn the gene paddy rice posterity of separation circumstance and heredity stability;Pass the influence to a form of form of the conversion plant carries on statistics to learn the analysis, studying the outside source gene to the conversion the sex form of plant.

本论文以通过农杆菌介导获得的转基因水稻T0和T1代种子为试验材料，采用PCR检测和Southern杂交检测相结合的方法，通过检测转化植株后代中HPT基因，研究外源基因在转基因水稻后代中的分离情况和遗传稳定性；通过对转化植株的表型性状进行统计学分析，研究外源基因对转化植株的性状的影响。

In order to elucidate the relationship between the structural features of leginsulin gene in legume plants and their phylogenetic significance,we have cloned the cDNA sequence of leginsulin gene from radicles of broad bean via RT-PCR techniques according to the leginsulin gene sequence we previously obtained from soybean.The cloned cDNA encoded for a precursor protein consisting of the signal peptide,mature leginsulin and an additional 45 amino acids of another polypeptide.

为探明豆科植物中豆类胰岛素基因的结构特征与进化关系，在已获得大豆豆类胰岛素基因的基础上，以蚕豆种子胚根mRNA为材料，采用RT-PCR技术，克隆了蚕豆豆类胰岛素基因的cDNA序列，编码的前体多肽包括信号肽、成熟型豆类胰岛素及另一多肽的45个氨基酸残基。

Cloning of insecticidal crystal protein gene and its expressing in E.

本研究从苏云金芽孢杆菌克隆得到野生型杀虫晶体蛋白基因，构建了用于细胞核或叶绿体转化的植物表达载体，并用激光微束穿刺法、土壤农杆菌介导法和基因枪法将杀虫蛋白基因导入油菜，获得了具有抗虫性的转基因植株。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。