基因型

YMDD mutation: HBV YMDD mutation were developed in 12 lamivudine recipients, whereas the treated group had no incidence of HBV YMDD variation, there were significant difference between two groups (p=0.000). YMDD mutation resulted in increase of the mean HBVDNA levels (p=0.000), but no contribution to serum ALT diversification (p＞0.05). 2. Precore nt1896 mutation: Precore nt1896 mutation incidence had no difference between lamivudine recipients and objects who received combination therapy of Kidney-invigorating Granule and Marine Injection, and patients of HBeAg negative and HBeAg positive had a close incidence of precore mutation as well as. Precore nt1896 mutation had no influence on serum ALT level. The occurrence of precore nt1896 mutation contributed to serum HBVDNA load increased and worse response of HBVDNA extenuation. 3. HBV genotype: The baseline of serum HBVDNA gradually increase in turn of genotype B, genotype C and genotype B/C. Genotype B seemed to obtain higher rate of serum HBVDNA loss and HBeAg/anti-HBe seroconversion after combination therapy of Kidney-invigorating Granule and Marine Injection, differencing with lamivudine therapy.

疗效相关因素研究：1YMDD变异：对照组有12例检出YMDD变异，治疗组无1例检出，两组比较有显著性差异（P=0.000）；发生YMDD变异者血清HBVDNA和ALT水平均有所升高，HBVDNA平均水平高于非变异者（P=0.000）；血清ALT与非变异者无明显差异（P＞0.05）。2前C区nt1896变异：前C区nt1896变异发生率在治疗组和对照组以及HBeAg阴性和HBeAg阳性患者之间均无明显差异（P＞0.05）；1896c变异对血清ALT水平无明显影响；治疗组发生1896c变异者，其HBVDNA平均水平较之未变异者明显升高（P＜0.05），治疗后HBVDNA下降幅度明显低于未发生1896c变异者（P=0.000）。3HBV基因型：血清HBVDNA基础水平在B、C、B/C混合型间存在明显差异（P＜0.05），按B型、C型、B/C混合型依次升高；治疗组HBVDNA阴转率、HBeAg/抗-HBe血清转换率，B型似乎高于C型和B/C混合型，但无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；对照组HBVDNA阴转、HBeAg/抗-HBe改变在B、C、B/C混合型间无明显差异（P＞0.05）。

The pathogen of the outbreak of acute icteric hepatitis was genotype IV HEV. There is a close relationship between these positive strains and Jap strain. The use of a new highly sensitive RT-PCR primer set and a timely sampling promotes to obtain high positive HEV RNA rate.

本次急性戊型肝炎暴发流行由戊型肝炎病毒基因型Ⅳ型导致，暴发毒株与日本株有更近的亲缘关系；高灵敏度引物和取样时机是提高戊型肝炎病毒RNA检出率的前提。

Some degree of gene flow may be a normal, evolutionarily constructive process, and all constellations of genes and genotypes cannot be preserved however, hybridization with or without introgression may, nevertheless, threaten a rare species' existence.

某种程度的基因流动是正常的、积极的进化过程；不可能所有基因和基因型的排列格局都被保存；但是，有或无基因渗入的杂交会威胁珍稀物种的生存。

The investigators, led by Marie-Laure Chaix, MD, from the Necker Hospital in Paris, France, found that among 12 HIV-infected men who presented with acute HCV infection, the only significant risk factor reported by all patients was sexual exposure. Ten of the 12 patients were infected with HCV genotype 4, subtype 4d, and all of these infections were found to be closely related by type on phylogenetic analysis.

来自法国巴黎Necker Hospital的Marie-Laure Chaix医师表示，在12位感染HIV病毒的男性身上，发现感染到急性C型肝炎，而根据患者陈诉，最明显的媒介就是性行为；这12位患者中有10位染有HCV基因型第4型，次属型4d的病毒，经过病毒亲缘分析后发现，这些感染都和病毒的型态有著密切的关系。

Initiation of the 6-month treatment with bena zepril induced a signif icant drop in MABP, UAER and ACE levels in all three groups(P＜0.05), but th e reduction was significantly greater in patients with II genotype (UAER 58.6%, MABP 2.87 kPa, ACE 72.3%), compared with patients with either ID or DD geno type (P＜0.01, respectivly).

结果：苯那普利治疗后3组UAER、MABP、ACE均下降，以II型组下降幅度最大(分别为58.6%、2.87kPa和72.3%)，DD型组下降幅度最小(P＜0.05)；而Ccr在DD型组下降幅度最大，II型组下降幅度最小(P＜0.05)；多元线性逐步回归分析显示：ACE基因型对UAER下降率有显著回归效果(R2=0.72，P＜0.001)。

To investigate distribution of gene mutations in LPL exon 9 in Chinese population and to study the possible effects of the mutation on plasma lipids, variants were screened by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing. Ser~(447)→stop polymorphism was identified by PCR-RFLP . the plasma lipids in stop447 carrier group and stop447 noncarrier group were compared and analysis.

为探讨中国人群LPL基因外显子9常见突变的种类、频率以及其可能产生的影响，我们利用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性分析和DNA测序技术及PCR-RFLP技术检测出我国人群的LPL外显子9基因突变、基因型和等位基因频率，确定了中国人群Ser~(447)→stop这一多态性位点。

The mutation of COL7A1 was identified in the family. The relationship between phenotype and genotype was discussed.

并且应用PCR基础上的分子生物学技术对该家系进行了基因突变的研究，探讨了表型和基因型之间的关系。

Although most researches on TSC gene mutations were carried out at home and abroad, genotype/phenotype correlations are still unknown.

虽然国内外学者对TSC基因突变进行了大量的研究，但基因型与表型的关系并不明确。

To explore the diseasecausing gene mutation in Chinese patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and to analyze the correlation between the genotype and the phenotype.

目的： 研究中国人群肥厚型心肌病患者的致病基因突变位点，并对基因型与临床表型之间的关系进行分析。

Be able to explain Mendel's Law and the concept of gene, the complicate relationship between genotype and phenotype.

J-3 9 说明孟德尔定律及基因观念，解释基因型与外表型间的复杂关系，分辨常见的人类遗传疾病。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。