基准面

This is obviously influenced by the base level up and down changings, pore space variation and sediment alimentation. Through analysing the relationship between the course of base level up and down cycles of high resolution sequence strata and the reservoir physical behavior, six heterogeneity models of diff...

通过高分辨率层序地层的短期基准面升、降旋回过程与储集物性关系的分析，建立了6种不同沉积微相的非均质性模式，探讨了向上变深、向上变浅的非对称型和向上变深后复变浅的对称型短期基准面旋回层序对储层非均质性特征的控制作用

Based on the theory of Sequence Stratigraphy and the systematically analysis of strata which was closely focused on Lithostratigraphy, Biostratigraphy, Paleoecology Event Stratigraphy and Sequence Stratigraphy, four long-term base-level cycles can be recognized in the Mesozoic, each long-term base-level cycles can be further divided into intermediate-term to short-term base-level cycle. Eight intermediate-term base-level cycles are recognized in Mesozoic; Cenozoic can be divided into two structural base-level cycles, and can be further divided into seven long-term baselevel cycles.

应用层序地层学理论，在详细的岩石地层、生物地层、生态地层、事件地层和层序地层为核心的综合地层研究基础上，将中生界划分为四个长期基准面旋回，每个长期基准面旋回内部又可进一步识别出更次一级的旋回，侏罗系内部共可识别出8个次级旋回；根据钻井层序地层与地震地层划分结果，将北缘地区新生界划分为两个构造基准面旋回，其内部又可进一步划分为7个长期基准面旋回。

In this paper,on the basis of the the problems practically existing on the datum plane adopted in coastal engineering,we have proposed ...

本文根据海岸工程使用基准面存在的问题，提出了以黄海水均海平面为海岸工程的基准面并讨论了从旧有各基准面过渡到统一基准面的有关问题。

Based on the vector law of refection in optics, the scanning error′s academic formula is educed.

分析表明，用激光及其扫描装置建立光学基准面时，扫描误差是不可避免的，这种误差不加补偿，则最终将引入基准光学平面影响基准精度，进而降低参数的评定精度；借助于所推导的误差补偿公式，是可以补偿这种误差的，这对于建立高精度的扫描基准平面具有理论指导意义。

On the basis of Earth surface space using reference ellipsoid as height basis, map space using Gauss-Kruger projection plane as height basis, a viewpoint is proposed that map projection actually establishes corresponding relationship between the height bases of two different spaces above. From the viewpoint of projection and visible representation, the relationships among earth surface space, RS imagery space and map space are analyzed; the differences among different representations of earth surface space are identified theoretically; virtual reality is applied to the representation of land surface space, and a prototype of real 3D virtual reality system based on spatial information is developed. By means of digital simulation, virtual reality representation of land surface space in visual image space is realized.

在以参考椭球面为高程基准面表征地表空间、以高斯-克吕格地图平面为高程基准面表征地图空间的思想基础上，提出了地图投影实质上是建立两个空间的高程基准面之间关系的观点；从投影和可视表达的角度，分析了地表空间、遥感图像空间、地图空间之间的关系，从理论上区分了对地表空间的不同表达方式之间存在的差别；将虚拟现实技术应用于地表空间的表达，研制了空间信息三维虚拟现实系统原型，利用数字模拟技术在视像空间实现了对地表空间的真三维虚拟现实表达。

Middle-term cycles are classified into 3 types of evolvementphases, i.e.slowly decreasing, transitorily rising, stably decreasing.

划分为 3 个演化阶段：持续基准面下降—短暂基准面上升—基准面又稳定下降的三个过程。

Furthermore, middle-term cycles are classified into 4 evolvement stages, i.e. rising, transitorily decreasing, stably decreasing and fast decreasing.

主要划分为4个演化阶段，即基准面上升—短暂基准面下降—持续基准面上升—基准面又快速下降。

Ma 5(subscript 1-4) submember is an asymmetric long-term base level cycle which can be divided into five middle-term base level cycles and more than 26 short-term base level cycles.

马五(下标 1-4)亚段构成了一个长期基准面下降半旋回，其又可划分为5个中期基准面沉积旋回及多于26个短期基准面沉积旋回。

Applying the high-resolution sequence stratigraphy theory,analyzing different scales of base-level cycles and stacking patterns with sediment dynamics,based on 11 well cores and loggings of 825 wells,Fuyu reservoir were classified into 1 long-term level cycle,4 mid-term level cycles and 35 short-term level cycles,proposed sequence framework that is regression followed by transgression.

松辽盆地三肇凹陷扶余油层为典型大型凹陷向斜区油气倒灌式成藏，应用高分辨率层序地层学原理，通过对各级基准面旋回结构、叠加样式的沉积动力学分析，利用11口井岩心和825口井测井曲线，把扶余油层划分为1个长期基准面旋回、4个中期基准面旋回、35个短期基准面旋回，认为扶余油层为先水退后水进的层序格架。

Using maximum flooding surface and local explosure erosion surface as the correlation framework surface in the 4-th hierarchical base-level cycles, sand-body in the 3-th hierarchical base-level cycles formed in the 4-th hierarchical base-level cycles may be correlated layer by layer. The law of the sand-body and the characters of reservoir heterogeneity formed in the 4-th hierarchical base-level cycles are discussed. The study shows:①During early period of the 4-th hierarchical base-level cycle rising, subaqueous distributary channel formed, continuously stacked vertically, and migrated in limit range laterally, and channel sand-body stretches farther longitudinally, and lacks interbeds of mud rock and siltsand in sand rock, reservoir heterogeneity is relatively weak.②During mid-period of the 4-th hierarchical base-level cycle rising, subsaqueous distributary channel migrated actively, channel divided and converged strongly to form netted sand-body and sand sheet mainly, but interbeds of mud rock and siltsand increases gradually in sand-body, reservoir heterogeneity increased.③During later period of the 4-th hierarchical base-level rising and early period of the 4-th hierarchical base-level falling, reservoir sand-body was poor, and only form thin sand-body of subsaqueous distributary channel, subsaqeuous creveas and distal mouth bar, sand-bodys are surrounded by mud and silt rock.

进一步采用以第4层次基准面旋回中相当最大湖泛面的相转换面和具有区域性暴露侵蚀作用的层序边界面为等时地层对比框架的边界，对发育于MSC2—MSC4三个第4层次基准面旋回的第3层次基准面旋回内砂体进行了逐层等时对比，探讨第4层次等时地层对比格架内储集砂体发育分布规律，及储集砂体的非均质性特点，研究发现：①第4层次基准面上升初期发育的水下分流河道，砂体呈连续叠置、侧向迁移受限，纵向上呈长距离延伸的带状产出，砂体间泥、粉砂岩夹层少，储层非均质性相对较弱；②在第4层次基准面上升中期发育的水下分流河道侧向迁移活跃，纵向延伸过程中分流汇合作用强烈，以形成网状或席状连片砂体为主，但砂体间泥、粉砂岩夹层逐渐增多，储层非均质性增强；③第4层次基准面上升晚期和下降早期，不利于储集砂体发育，仅出现少量薄的水下分流河道、水下决口扇、远—河口砂坝砂体。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。