基侧的

Inflorescences terminal and axillary, racemes subdigitate or axillary racemes sometimes solitary, spathate; racemes bearing pairs of unisexual awnless spikelets, female and male spikelets separated into different zones, axis fragile, especially in female zone; lateral racemes of digitate cluster entirely staminate, terminal raceme and solitary axillary racemes mixed, usually sterile spikelet pairs at base, then a zone with female sessile and sterile pedicelled spikelets, distally both spikelets of a pair staminate, uppermost spikelet pairs sterile.

花序顶生和腋生，总状花序或腋生总状花序有时单生，；总状花序着生单性awnless小穗，女性和男小穗分成不同区域，脆的轴，特别是女区域；侧总状花序的完全雄蕊花的指状簇生，顶生总状花序和单生总状花序混合，通常不育对在基部，一女的区域具无梗和不育pedicelled小穗，一雄蕊花的对，不育的最上部的小穗对的两小穗的上部的然后。

We used BET,FT-IR,XRD,TPR techniques to investigate the compression strength, the BET and the pore structure of catalysts by changing some factors such as the glutinousness and concentration of adhesive ,the ageing time and temperature and so on.

为解决催化剂侧压强度的不足，我们在实验室进行了超细镍基负载型催化剂实验室小试成型工艺条件研究，用硅溶胶及Ni~(2+)-硅溶胶两种不同的胶粘剂进行挤条成型，通过BET、FT-IR、XRD、TPR等技术考察了催化剂在成型过程中，胶粘剂的浓度、粘度，湿／干粉比，催化剂老化时间，以及焙烧温度等因素对催化剂的强度以及催化剂的比表面积和孔结构的影响。

The experimental results show that hydrophobic association increases obviously with increasing polymer concentration, hydrophobe content, hydrophobic side chain length and temperature. The Critical aggregate concentration of P(AM/NaAA/C_8AM) with different hydrophobic content is 1.5-3g/L. Strong ass...

结果表明，随聚合物浓度、疏水单体摩尔分数、疏水侧链长和温度的增加，疏水缔合作用增强；不同疏水单体含量的P(AM/NaAA/C8AM)的临界缔合浓度为1.5~3.0 g/L；表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠与P(AM/NaAA/C8AM)发生了强烈的疏水相互作用，形成混合胶束，得到SDS的临界胶束浓度为8×10-3 mol/L；由于聚合物链上羧基的存在，使其具有良好的 pH敏感性，随 pH值的增大，P(AM/NaAA/C8AM)的疏水缔合作用呈现先减弱后恒定再增强的变化。

Fruit a loculicidally dehiscent capsule, schizocarp of 2-5 indehiscent mericarps, drupe, berry, or samara with a single surrounding wing, rarely an indehiscent capsule or nut with lateral style, pericarp bony, leathery, chartaceous, or fleshy, capsules smooth, angular, deeply lobed, transversely flattened and lobed to base, or connate, rarely prickly, laterally winged.

果为纵向开裂的蒴果，有2-5个不裂的分果瓣的分果，核果，浆果或者具有环绕的翅的翅果，很少为不裂的蒴果或者有侧花柱的坚果，果皮骨质，革质、纸质或肉质，蒴果光滑，有角，深裂到基部或合生，横向扁平，很少具刺，侧面有翅。

The primary studying works and characteristics:1 To summarize reinforcing theory of cement mixing pile composite foundation2 To analyze the primary mechanics characters and changing rules of cement mixing pile, based on analysis of test data both indoor and outdoor.3 To discuss siding frictional resistance, ending resistance, ultimate bearing capacity of simple mixing pile and effectiveness factor of grouped piles, loading ratio of soil between piles under cushion cap of grouped piles and stress ratio of pile and soil and so on, and use many computation method and experimentation method to ensure bearing capacity of mixing piles composite foundation.4 To point out and analyze eight sides flaws and problems of the bearing capacity calculation method of mixing pile compositefoundation which ensured by national and normative method/ formula.5 To apply test results of loading tests and a few settlement observation data, use gray theory to predicate ultimate bearing capacity of deep mixing piles, actual example demonstrate engaging between theoretical predicted value and actual value.6 To apply groovy layerwise summation method to discuss entity piles method, double foundation method, equivalent layerwise summation method and consolidation theoretical method and so on, especially by combination of engineering example, use FEM to calculate or discuss the settlement and changing rules of composite foundation.7 To discuss problems of critical length of composite foundation by combination of engineering example and numerical analysis method, and analyze the contrast of critical length between simple pile load and most area load of composite foundation, not only critical length of composite foundation is relative to modulus ratio between piles and soil, but also upside load distribution area of composite foundation.

主要的研究工作与特色为：(1)总结了水泥搅拌桩复合地基的加固原理；(2)在对室内外试验资料进行统计分析的基础上，系统分析了搅拌桩水泥土的主要力学特性及其变化规律；(3)探讨了搅拌单桩的侧摩阻力、端阻力、极限承载力及群桩效率系数、群桩承台下桩间土荷载分担比及桩土应力比等，提出用多种计算方法并结合试验方法来综合确定搅拌桩复合地基的承载力；(4)明确指出和分析了按国家有关规范的方法确定搅拌桩复合地基承载力所存在的八个方面的缺陷与问题；(5)利用过去没有加载至破坏阶段的载荷试验成果和较少的沉降观测数据，尝试了用灰色理论预测深层搅拌桩的极限承载力，实例表明理论预测值与实测值吻合较好；(6)在常规分层总和法的基础上，探讨了复合地基沉降计算的实体墩基法、双层地基法、等效作用分层总和法、固结理论法等，特别是结合工程实例，用有限元数值计算等方法计算和讨论了搅拌桩复合地基的沉降及其变化规律；(7)结合工程实例，用数值分析方法探讨了复合地基临界桩长的问题，指出和分析了单桩荷载下的临界桩长与复合地基大面积荷载下的临界桩长存在很大的差别，复合地基的临界桩长不仅与桩土模量比有关，而且与复合地基上部荷载分布面积有关。

The key problem of uplift piles in deep buried substructure compared to underground engineering with shallow bury depth is how to reflect the influence of deep excavation off-loading on the uplift piles' bearing characteristic and capacity....

与浅埋的地下工程相比，该深埋地下结构抗拔桩设计面临的特殊问题是如何反映如此大体量深层地下开挖卸荷对抗拔桩承载特性的影响，主要表现在：深埋地下结构抗拔桩地面试桩开挖段侧摩阻力的扣除；开挖卸荷后桩周土体围压减小对桩基承载力削弱的影响；开挖卸荷基底隆起对桩产生的预拉力。

The solubility of the novel polyamides are greatly improved compared with the conventional aramids, especially the polyamide with dendritic blocks of the second genernation as side chains are soluble in most of the common organic solvents such as ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform, acetone, tetrahydrafuran etc.

树状片段的引入大大地改善了聚酰胺的溶解性，特别是以第二代树状片段为侧基的聚酰胺的溶解性得到了很大的改进，可以溶于大部分常见的有机溶剂，如乙醚、乙酸乙酯、氯仿、丙酮、四氢呋喃等。

In the course of our study the chemistry of arenes contaning allylic acetates moiety under the catalysis of palladium, we found an efficient synthesis of benzocycles via intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction of halogen free 6-acetoxy-4alkenyl arens.

我们在设计钯催化的碳—氢键活化时，发现了含有烯丙基醋酸酯侧链的芳烃的三氟醋酸促进的分子内的Friedel-Crafts反应，从而为有效合成苯并六元环结构提供了一个方便的方法。

We use AOT/iso-octane/water reverse micelles as a biological model to mimic the properties of triplet-excited-state porphyrin in the interfacial region. The amphiphilic property of compound is difficult to evaluate for different system.

用AOT／异辛烷／水反相胶束体系营造了一个多相、多界面的环境，通过对卟啉化合物三重态寿命的测量，研究了以亲水基团为端基的具有不同侧链链长的两亲卟啉化合物的界面行为，探讨了卟啉化合物的亲水疏水性质与界面环境间的相互作用，这对卟啉类光疗药物的结构优化具有帮助。

Spin-coating thin film has many aggregations and pinholes on its surface, TSPP LB films showed a relatively more flattened and condensed surface. The TSPP macrocycle lied vertical to the surface of the substrate, the long alkyl chains of the TSPP were not straight but lay on the substrate with a tilted angle about 52.3°.

在旋转涂得的薄膜上，TSPP分子以聚集体的形式分散分布，未聚集的TSPP分子形成的薄膜表面分布着大量针孔状的缺陷；LB膜表面平整均匀，TSPP分子的环平面紧密地排列在一起以羧基为支撑点垂直&站立&在基片平面上，分子侧链与基片平面成52.3°角排列。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。