城邦

So-called banausic work, which included manufacturing, business, and trade (which were not tied to the land and the family farm), and what we would call "capitalism"(investing money to make more money) were considered to be incompatible with active participation in the affairs of the polis and even as unnatural and morally corrupting.

所谓物质的工作，其中包括制造业，商业和贸易（其中无关的土地和家庭农场），和我们所称的&资本主义&被认为是不符合积极参与国际事务的城邦，甚至不自然和道义上的腐败。

Amidst the chiliastic confusion of serial upheavals, one impassioned visionary,"Gracchus" Babeuf, proposed that the way to give substance to the slogan "liberty, equality, fraternity" was to collectivize all property.

在此连续剧变的信仰混乱时期，一个满怀激情的空想家，&格拉古&巴贝夫，提议通过财产集体化以赋予&自由、平等、友爱&的口号以实质内容。（注：Gracchus为传说中的古希腊的斯巴达城邦之改革家。

He the city-state has completed the task which in Elis the average man is unable to complete, then did not sweep clean king to the time to pile up with the cow dung quite a while the cowshed, but king did not want to fulfill bestows 300 cow's promises, Hera Kele was in a pet has expelled king.

他在伊利斯城邦完成了常人无法完成的任务，不到半天功夫便扫干净了国王堆满牛粪的牛棚，但国王不想履行赠送300头牛的许诺，赫拉克勒一气之下赶走了国王。

Why doesn't Koinon Hellenon's hoplites use the phalanx formation.

为什么希腊城邦的重甲步兵不使用希腊长枪方阵？

After the Persian broke the price record pushes directly into, captures and has looted Athens, but Athens Navy has actually routed the Persian fleet in the city nearby sarah Meese bay, reversed the war at one fell swoop, forced the Persian army to repulse the enemy.479 B.C., 100,000 Greek Allied armies fierce pursuit, launch with 300,000 enemy troops in Asia minor fights a decisive battle and wins, simultaneously the Greece united fleets also win the naval battle the finally victory.

公元前479年，10万希腊联军勇猛追击，与30万敌军在小亚细亚展开决战并取胜，同时希腊联合舰队也赢得海战的最终胜利。波斯的势力被逐出了欧洲后，小亚细亚的希腊城邦也被逐一解放恢复自由。公元前449年，波斯同意缔结和约，希波战争遂正式结束。这样，希腊人战胜了当时世界上最大的帝国，当时那种意气风发、豪迈而狂喜的激越心态，堪称一时无两。而通过这次战争，也确立了世界文明分为东西方的对峙大格局。

After the Persian broke the price record pushes directly into, captures and has looted Athens, but Athens Navy has actually routed the Persian fleet in the city nearby sarah Meese bay, reversed the war at one fell swoop, forced the Persian army to repulse the enemy.479 B.C., 100,000 Greek Allied armies fierce pursuit, launch with 300,000 enemy troops in Asia minor fights a decisive battle and wins, simultaneously the Greece united fleets also win the naval battle the finally victory.

公元前479年，10万希腊联军勇猛追击，与30万敌军在小亚细亚展开决战并取胜，同时希腊联合舰队也赢得海战的最终胜利。波斯的势力被逐出了欧洲后，小亚细亚的希腊城邦也被逐一解放恢复自由。公元前449年，波斯同意缔结和约，希波战争遂正式结束。

E Hilton Edwards,演员,co-founder of Dublin's Gate Theatre, partner of Micheál MacLiammoir

伊巴密浓达，希腊城邦底比斯的将军与政治家。

The optimates took a series of reformations to make sure that the ruling citizens be strictly among themselves. The control of election and the almost fully empowered Balia played a decisive role in the whole maneuver.

城邦中的显贵家族借助一系列集权措施―尤其是控制选举程序、成立临时特别权力机构巴利阿―在佛罗伦萨逐渐建立起了寡头政治。

His seven extant tragedies reflect the political, religion and culture condition in the classical times of Greece. Given the place of tragedy in Athenian public life, we will consider how the action and theme of the tragedies sustained justice in the Athens city. The Oresteia with its massive tale of the genesis of human law and its conclusion in the city of Athens itself, is a particularly good example for this model of tragedy educating the citizen into citizenship.

在他现存的悲剧作品中，大量反映了古希腊古典时期政治、宗教以及文化的时代风气，如果我们考虑到悲剧在整个雅典政治生活中的地位，我们更应该埃斯库罗斯作品的主题和情节放到雅典城邦的正义观念中去，而&奥瑞斯特亚&正是埃斯库罗斯塑造雅典公民政治身份的思想体现。

In this thesis we therefore draw attention to political and theological aspects of Aeschylus' Oresteia, because it presents a world in which the divine plays a determining role in human affairs. Aeschylus portrays a cosmic and political order which is the conflict of two rights—of justice absolute and inexorable with the relative justice of a civic community. Like Sophocles, Aeschylus recognizes that no political order is base upon the morality of absolute justice.

在论文中，本人将着力研究&奥瑞斯特亚&三部曲政治和神学方面的问题，因为在此剧中，其主题和情节主要彰显了神圣意志在人事中的关键作用，而埃斯库罗斯的目的正是要突出两种不同正义观的冲突，一种正义是神的绝对正义，而另外一种是城邦公共体代表的相对正义。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。