城市规划

It analyzes the development of modern industrial construction from 1970s, and with the modern architectural theory it summarizes the tendency of modern industrial buildings: When practicing the planning and the designing, it follows the theory of urban designing, and combines the factors of the architectonics, the urban planning,and the Landscaping together. While taking architecture techniques into practice, it emphasizes the combination of high-tech skills and industrial aesthetics and it exhibits the new styles of industrial building as well. It cares for the demanding of people and creates comfortable working environment. For protecting ecosystem, it stresses the developable function of industrial architectural designing, the communication with society and the enhancement of the social function of industrial construction.

本论文在大量的资料查阅、现场调研的基础上，分析了19 世纪70 年代以来现代工业建筑的发展状况，并综合现代建筑思想的发展，总结出现代工业建筑的一系列发展趋势：在规划设计中，始终以城市设计理论为主轴，走向建筑学、城市规划学、地景学的结合；在建筑技术运用中，注重高技术与工厂美学的结合，展现工业建筑新形象；将人性化设计引入工业建筑，创造出优美的工作环境，体现对人的关怀；注重对生态环境的保护，坚持工业建筑设计的可持续性；注重与社会的交流，增强工业建筑的社会职能。

Urban planning is the main city infrastructure planning and construction of infrastructure facilities.

城市规划主要是城市的基础设施的规划及基础设施的配套建设。

On the basis of the connotation of City Identity System and its function in urban planning, it argues that the CI idea and methods should be applied to the planning of small towns and proposes fundamental framework.

在分析城市CI内涵及其在城市规划中作用的基础上，提出将城市CI的理念和方法应用到城镇规划编制中，并给出了初步框架。

And difficulty that run into to park importanceof management know insufficient , build and park management not tois it develop to come parking area as one industry yet; Second,parking area planning , construction and management lag behindseriously, in the urban planning, plan not to get enough attentionyet at the parking area , the building that our country has alreadyissued constructs the index of the parking area and does not changefor ten years, demand that it is difficult to meet reality to park;Third, the shortage of funding that the parking area is built,government's fund input power to parking area construction is weak,the investment channel is single , lack the preferential policy tofoster and guide ; Park management system obey , manage bull ,divide the work clear , is it coordinate to lack , phenomenon ofmanageral confusion generally exist; Fifth, it is not perfect tomanage the laws and regulations at the parking area , the laws andregulations lacking the relevant parking areas and planning ,building , enforcing the law, the regulation and policy of alreadyexisting individual event have not adapted to the present newsituation yet.

而遇到的困难是对停车管理的重要性认识不足，还没有把停车场建设与停车管理作为一个产业来发展；二是停车场规划、建设和管理严重滞后，在城市规划中，停车场规划还没有得到足够的重视，我国已颁布的建筑物配建停车场指标十年不变，难以适应现实停车需求；三是停车场建设资金缺乏，政府对停车场建设的资金投入力度弱，投资渠道单一，缺少优惠政策扶植和引导；四是停车管理体制不顺、管理多头化、分工不清、缺少协调、管理混乱的现象普遍存在；五是停车场管理法律法规不完善，缺少有关停车场规划、建设、执法的法律和法规，原有的单项法规和政策已不适应当前的新情况。

To achieve these goals, the following actions must be taken.First,the vertical and horizontal connection of city planning must be strengthened;balance be made between market system and local governments in allocating materials;cooperating systems between city governments be intensified;in order to guarantee the balance between internal structures of urban systems.Second,the stability of agricultural production and provisionment must be guaranteed;rural integration be accelerated;system of land transfer be reformed;rural citizens be given equal status in participating urban development and sharing the fruit of urban development;in order to guarantee the balance between rural and urban development.Third,supervision of upper governments must be strengthened;the "personal rationality" of local governments(the choice of short-term benefits for local area) be restrained and local governments be stimulated to bring into play "collective rationality"; scientific development patterns in active improvement of urban quality and steady enlargement of urban size be insisted;in order to guarantee the balance between urban and economic development,and the balance between improvement of urban quality and enlargement of urban size.Last but not the least,considering the crucial status of urban social development in deciding the socialist direction of urbanization of our country,it\'s essential that social development be made a political responsibility of local governments in order to guarantee the balance between the social and economic development of cities.

为此，应当加强城市规划的纵向与横向衔接，平衡市场机制与地方政府这两只手的资源配置功能，强化地方政府问的合作机制，确保城市体系内在结构的均衡；保证农业生产稳定与粮食供应，加快农村整合，改革土地流转制度，确立农民参与城镇发展的平等地位，合理分享城镇发展成果，实施拖腿扩门并举战略，确保农村发展与城镇发展的均衡；加强上级政府监管，抑制各级地方政府的&个人理性&，促使其更多地发挥出&集体理性&，坚持积极提升城市质量、稳妥扩张城市规模的科学发展模式，确保城市发展与经济发展、城市质量提升与规模扩张的均衡；城市社会发展事关我国城镇化的社会主义方向，要把社会发展作为地方政府无可旁贷的政治责任，才能确保城市社会发展与经济发展的均衡。

In another word, the Charter emphasizes that urban planning must be contributed by communication and cooperation from each main body such as plan designer, imp|ementer and administrator.

宪章》即强调城市规划需要包括规划设计者、规划使用者以及规划管理者在内各主体间的沟通与合作。

"Communications, leisure, living, product consist of city's fundamentalfunctions"(《Athens Charter》). With the development of society, tourism has becomean important function of city. City is the origination and destination of tounism byaccommodating the visitors. Because of the high efficience of transportation, perfectaccommodations, interesting amusement facilities and wonderful "human culturebackground", city becomes an important place which absorbs more and more people.Any landscape tourism zone or other places only depend on city that can formperfect receivirg systems. Tourism and amusement are different with the normalliving of citizen's, but all of these actions are under the base of fitting the high levelleisure wanted. City provides important carrier to deal with this contradict.Meanwhile, it becomes the bridge between tourism and city planning and UrbanDesign. Only expanding this research fields under city level that can take the maincontradict of"City Tourism." City Tourism is composed with some different loose trades.

雅典宪章》认为：&交通、游憩、居住、生产&构成城市四大功能，随着社会的发展，旅游服务已成为现代城市重要功能之一，城市是出入境和接待工作的必经之地，也是旅游的主要目的地和客源地，城市由于其便利的交通、完善的住宿餐饮、娱乐设施及良好的人文环境而成为重要的旅游吸引地之一，任何风景旅游区或其他旅游活动也只有依附于城市才能形成完善的接待服务体系，旅游者在城市中的旅游与游憩需求与居民日常生活虽有差异，但都是在满足基本要求基础上的高层次游憩与休闲活动，城市为解决上述矛盾提供了重要载体，也成为旅游业和城市规划与设计行业共同发展的桥梁，只有深入城市层面展开研究才能抓住旅游产业发展的主要矛盾。

It can be applied in planning consulta- tion business and information-generated seminars. Information resource,Planning consultation,Planning management,Land market

在土地从资源向资本转变的市场化进程中，城市建设进入了一个全新、快速的发展轨道，城市规划管理方式也发生着日新月异的变化，对实现科学、高效的城市规划宏观调控功能的要求也日益迫切

Sticking to the new school policy, a new organ which devotes in sustainable development – School of Urban Planning and Design - emerged with the basis on the two previous majors, regional planning and landscape design in Environment and CityCollege.

根据这一新的办学方针，一个致力于中国城乡可持续发展研究的新机构——城市规划与设计学院——便在原环境与城市学院的城市与区域规划和景观设计两个专业基础上应运而生。

The relationship of urban design to public policy, with particular expertise in economics and politics, is supported by several joint professorships between the Graduate School of Design and the John F.

是国际工程咨询公司的成员单位、国家外专局批准的城市规划国际培训单位、全国城市规划标准规范技术的归口管理单位和建设部城市交通工程技术中心设置单位。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷