城市

ABSTRACT This article firstly reviews history city space format of entrance and analyzes human′s cognitional pattern. Then it illustrates the concept and meaning of the city entrance space, so as to bring out the problem of city entrance space in information orientated era.

摘 要 在回顾城市入口空间形态的历史发展和解析人的认知需求的基础上，通过对城市入口空间概念的廓清，阐明城市入口空间形态及其存在的意义，提出信息时代的城市入口空间形态研究课题。

The paper puts forward the problems and the causes in the construction such as cognitional warps, indifference in community consciousness and so on.

鉴于此，本文分析了高校图书馆在服务城市社区文化建设中的重要性、必要性、可行性，以及高校图书馆参与城市社区文化建设的文献信息资源优势、专业人才优势、基础及设施优势、技术设备优势等几大优势；解析了和谐社会与城市社区文化建设的内涵、特征与相互关系，剖析了当前城市社区文化及建设的具有较强的开放性、地域性、对象和内容的层次性、广泛参与性和较强的时效性等三大特点，及存在着的主要问题和原因，如思想认识上的偏差、社区意识淡薄等等。

It is obvious that a new downtown area will appear when city is developing to some extant,and it didn't take long that conceptive general programming for new downtown areas came into being without abundant theory and techniques.

随着城市化进程的加快和城市规模的快速扩张，使得城市在发展到一定阶段后，受到规模、功能和布局等的瓶颈限制。地方政府为了提供城市快速发展和壮大所需要的条件和功能，必然要在旧城之外另寻土地进行城市新区的开发建设。

Therefore, good sculptures are always praised as "concretionary music" and "tridimensional paintings". In the recent years, city construction and image building has become one of the key signs of city development.

城市雕塑艺术体现一座城市的文化档次和精神风貌，它用美的形式与内容来潜移默化地调节人的心理节奏，丰富城市色彩，美化城市环境，并逐渐在人们心目中占据了重要位置。

Thereinto, the travel of commuter is the basic behavior in individual life, their behavior may affect all sides of the urban life. Especially, nowadays the traffic congest problem at the travel peak has been stand out in city, which has been a key factor holding back economic development.

通勤出行是城市居民最基本和最重要的出行，其影响到城市生活的方方面面，特别是早、晚高峰通勤时段的交通拥堵，已成为城市交通最为突出的问题之一，并制约城市社会和经济进一步的发展。

Nanchang, as a modern new city---One River and Two Banks along Ganjiang River, is changing from inland and consumption-oriented city to open and industry-oriented city, showing of infinite power for the rising of the hero city---Nanchang.

南昌是座现代新城。"一江两岸、南北两城，沿着赣江、两头延伸"。从内陆型城市向开放型城市以及从消费型城市向产业型城市的转变，催生出英雄城南昌崛起的无穷力量。

In chapter one, a review for the trade of urban rail traffic is performed with respects to the developing histories and trend, mode, light rails, vehicle type and so on; In chapter two, a set of contradistinctive analyses between the domestic and the overseas are carried out at aspects of equipment, density of line net, build cost and so on. In chapter three, the competitive status among existing enterprises for urban rail vehicle and equipment manufacturing in our country is analyzed by Potter model; In chapter four, questions that should be paid attention to and strategies in course of our country's urban rail traffic building are provided mainly in terms of plan, cost, construction investment and operation, selection of system type, safety of building process and so on.

本文第一章主要从轨道交通的发展历史、模式、轻轨、车辆类型、发展趋势等方面对城市轨道交通行业的发展作了一个回顾；第二章主要是从设备、线网密度、建设成本等六个方面对国内外城市轨道交通进行了一个对比分析；第三章主要是利用波特模型对我国现有的城市轨道交通车辆设备生产企业之间的竞争状况进行了分析；第四章主要从规划、成本、建设投资和运营、系统类型选择、建设过程安全等方面提出了我国在城市轨道交通建设过程中应该注意的问题和对策。

City governance; city government; city enterprise; urban public; benefits; cooperative game

城市治理；城市政府；城市企业；城市公众；利益；合作博弈

Taylor sees it, three priorities probably are: the sustainable development and urban greening, replenishment and reutilization of the incumbent urban areas, and the expansion of this cosmopolis and its corresponding satellite cities.

需要迫切解决的三个关键问题是：可持续发展和城市绿化；补充与再利用现有城市区域；上海城市的扩大与建立相应的卫星城市。

While the second and third line brands in the sales policy of flexibility and protection dealers usually do better, they and other big cities in the provincial capital is a city of decorative materials for a point or a point of a district sales division for the Second , three-city business strategy based on two different cities by the general agents, agents for the distribution level, there are many companies now control channel at the county level has been sinking into the city, a county established a sole agent to ensure that agents, the interests of dealers.

而二三线品牌在销售政策的灵活性和对经销商的保护等方面通常都做得比较好，他们在省会等大城市是一个装饰材料城设一个点或是一个区划分一个点销售，对于二、三级城市则根据企业的战略不同可由二级城市设总代理商、一级代理来进行分销，也有不少企业如今对渠道的掌控已经下沉到县级城市，一个县城设一家独家代理，以保证代理商、经销商的利益。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。