型材

In this study, copper alloy adding Ti-Zr and Al-Zr was the target and made the cupper alloy ingots by vacuum arc remelter. After rolling and heat treatment, the two-inch round target was cut by wire electrical discharge machining. DC sputtering deposited cupper alloy thin films on silicon base materials and optical glasses to discuss the thin film microstructures、compositions、practical performances and optical characteristics.

中文摘要本研究以自行设计之铜基合金靶材，在铜基材料中添加钛锆与铝锆等微量金属，以真空电弧熔炼制作铜合金方锭，经滚压加工及热处理后，以线切割机切成两吋之圆型靶材，再进行直流溅镀沉积铜合金薄膜於矽基板和光学玻璃基板上，探讨不同成分比例下之薄膜显微结构、成分组织、实用性能与光学特性。

Therefore, disease in the population has become more common recently. In view of this, submicron Negative-Ion powders and excited materials were adopted in this research. The submicron NI powders and excited material powders were treated with a dispersing agent and a ball mill used first, then it was blended evenly into water-borne polyurethane by a planetary deaerate stirring machine, and finally the water-borne PU composite films were coated onto release paper with a coating rod. The main purpose of this work is to manufacture a permanent composite film which is able to release NIs. Such film is expected to not only release amounts of NI but also absorb smells and effectively create fresh air.

有鉴於此，本研究采用次微米负离子粉体及激发材，先添加分散剂后利用球磨机做处理，再将次微米负离子粉体与激发材添加至水性聚氨基甲酸酯中，经由行星式脱泡搅拌机均匀混合，再以湿式涂布法，经由涂布棒涂布於离型纸上，脱膜后成复合薄膜，制备出於空气中释放负离子、吸收异味且清洁空气之永久型复合薄膜。

In the aspect of shrimp migration test, the finding reports that shrimp would use the porosity filtering to crawl towards upstream when the flow rate is at 0.001cms, and do so on the bottom of the fishway when the flow is even less.

试验结果显示，在水理试验方面，改良后鱼骨型鱼道水位皆比原鱼骨型鱼道高，流量则比原鱼骨型鱼道低，显示多孔隙滤材能有效改善流况；排砂试验方面，泥砂约於时间第30分钟即达到输砂平衡，排砂率在97％以上，残留於鱼道之泥砂为3％以下，证明增设多孔隙滤材并不影响其排砂率；鱼类上溯试验方面，粗首鱲於试验时间内，上溯率达73％以上，皆比原鱼骨型鱼道为高，显示改良后鱼骨型鱼道更适於鱼类上溯；而溪虾上溯试验方面，发现溪虾於流量0.001时，藉由多孔隙滤材向鱼道上游攀爬，再由量更小的情况下，溪虾便由鱼道渠底向上游攀爬。

In polydimethylsiloxane. The mixture retains manyproperties of pure PDMS, including moldability, elastic after cured, good adhesion to glass and silicon substrates. And the additivity of iron makes the composite can be magnetically actuated.

Fe-PDMS 为一种混合PDMS（polydimethylsiloxane-聚二甲基矽氧烷）和铁粉的复合材，加入铁的目的在於使其具有感磁，当用Fe-PDMS 制成轻薄的结构时用外加磁场可使其产生型变，能作为微驱动器之材。

The company is located in Shenzhen, XiamenTso Wo Hang Industrial Area, have a first-class production equipment, beer machine more than 20 units, six-color pressesertai, PP sheet production machine three, to produce 0.12 ---1.2MM thick sheet of various types (such as matte / dual-mirror / single-mirror + Matte / single-mirror + Prodenia / Scrub + tire surface fog, etc.).

公司座落于深圳布吉吉厦早禾坑工业区，拥有一流生产设备，啤机二十多台，罗兰柯式六色印刷机二台，PP片材生产机三台，可生产0.12---1.2MM厚各型片材(如磨砂/双镜面/单镜面+磨砂/单镜面+斜纹/磨砂+胶轮雾面等)。

And the PLA/Chitosan/ACP barriers with additional 2 wt% chitosan still maintain 56.58 % antibacterial ability after eightieth day. The different composition of PLA/Chitosan/ACP composites was prepared by water washing solidification from NMP/water/lactic acid consolvent. After storing at room temperature for 48 hours and taking it out to obtain a shapable composites. To investigate the influence of ratio of composition with the shapable property of composites, it was analyzed by Rheometer, TGA, AFM, XRD. The result of the different APC content had different effect both water content and yield stress of composite materials. The yield stress decreased with ACP content while increases. It was derived that ions, released from ACP interact with amide groups of chitosan to form water-absorbing ionic clusters through chelating or electrostatic attraction.

另外，以聚乳酸/几丁聚醣作为基材并添加不同比例的非晶型磷酸钙，经过水洗固化后可得白色片状沉淀物，於室温下静置48小时后，复合材之体积呈现膨胀且具有可塑形之特性，以热重分析仪与流变仪分析样品之含水率与屈伏应力，结果显示不同ACP含量对复合材含水率与屈伏应力具有消长变化，而PLA/Chitosan/ACP之可塑程度与其所吸收之水份多寡有关，推测可能机制为ACP磷酸钙盐解离后之金属离子与几丁聚醣之胺基透过螯合作用或静电吸引之交互作用，形成具吸水性之离子团簇分散於疏水性之聚乳酸基材中。

Pristine Li-Al LDHs are synthesized by hydrothermal process in different reaction conditions by varying the aging time for 1 and 24 hours. Both the Li-Al layered double hydroxides (abbreviated as Li-Al LDH1 and Li-Al LDH24 for aging time 1 hour and 24 hours, respectively) were modified by using sulphanilic acid sodium salt hydrate, modified agent to form modified Li-Al LDH1-SAS and Li-Al LDH24-SAS. The morphology of the pristine layered double hydroxides are investigated by using wide angle X-rays diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and particle size analyzer which indicates that the crystallinity and aspect ratio is increased with increasing the aging time from 1 hour to 24 hours. The particle size of Li-Al LDH24 and Li-Al LDH1 are found to be ~1000 nm and ~250 nm, respectively. Both the pristine and modified LDHs are characterized by XRD, FTIR spectra and thermogravimetric analysis.

本研究目的在於改变长晶时间的长短，合成出同径大小的Li-Al LDHs，再经由改质剂sulphanilic acid sodium salt hydrate将Li-Al LDHs无机层材表面有机官能化制备出改质型Li-Al LDHs-SAS，於是进一步藉由扫描式电子显微镜、射径仪和穿透式电子显微镜等仪器分别观察LDHs改质前和改质后其主层结构型态上的变化；从中可以发现Li-Al LDHs随著长晶时间的增加其径有随之增大的趋势，但经有机化改质后其径会由於改质环境的影响明显低许多，针对此现象本实验将未改质和改质后之Li-Al人工无机层材制备成复材进一步探讨其在热性质和难燃特性上的为表现。

The main products are PVC calendered sheet material, environment-friendly PET sheet, plate; PVC calendered sheet thickness range of 0.1-1.2mm, the width of the range of production according to customer requirements can also be produced according to customer requirements for different uses of PVC film materials, such as blister packaging type, anti-static type, enhanced, transparent and opaque type.

主要产品有PVC压延片材、环保型的PET片材、板材； PVC压延片材的厚度范围为0.1—1.2mm，宽度范围为根据客户要求制作，也可以根据客户的要求制作不同用途的PVC片材，如吸塑包装型、抗静电型、加强型、透明和不透明型等。

The simulation results of the cylinder-block model were given in the article, consistent with that of Middlemen"s. It was shown that the block part could improve the uniformity of the flow distribution. The analysis of the flow field of some materials with different power-law factor in the die designed by Mckelvey was close to that of Mckelvey"s. It was shown that the flow distribution was uniform in the die that can producesheets with 1200mm in width. During the analysis the flow channel was divided into several parts to get the details about the fluid flow in each area. A conclusion was drawn after analyzing the influence of the die pressure on the flow distribution, that the higher pressure is good for the output and bad for the uniformity of the distribution. Simulation of the die applying the cylindrical main runner showed the fact that when the cylinder replaced the cone the change of uniformity was trivial. The uniformity of the non-block flow channel was so poor that the block in the proper position of the die channel was necessary. The project of the die for the wider sheet was put forth, and the analysis of the fluid flow in the die was shown.

本文模拟了圆柱管缝隙流模型的三维流动场，得到了与Middlemen结论一致的流动均匀性，并通过模拟直观地展示了采用阻尼块可以改善挤出均匀性的现象；分析了多种幂率指数的流体在Mckelvey等人设计的流道模型中的流动分布，得到了与Mckelvey的分析结果接近的压力降和流量偏差；本文建立了1200mm幅宽机头流道的三维有限元模型，并逐个分析各个区域和多个截面的流动分布状况，由此揭示了1200mm幅宽L-型机头流道内的流北京化工大学硕士学位论文动分布基本均匀，并在分析了机头压力对于挤出流动分布的影响后得出结论：较高的机头压力可以获得较大的产量，但是不利于物料均匀分布；模拟了采用圆柱管主流道时机头流道内的流动分布，得出结论：主流道由圆锥管改为圆柱管时对流动均匀性影响不大，通过设置适当的阻尼仍然可以达到挤出平衡；模拟了两端进料式圆柱管无阻尼流道的流动均匀性后得到结论：两端进料式无阻尼结构的流动均匀性较差，宽机头中仍然有必要设置阻尼块；确定宽幅机头流道的基本方案，并设计了一种宽幅防水卷材挤出机头流道的结构，通过流动模拟表明该种结构的流动均匀性较好；考察了宽幅机头对于不同厚度片材的挤出适应性，得到结论：当生产不同厚度的片材时，阻尼块高度需要调整。

With 4-year-old Vitis vinifera var. Red Globe as the tested material, 4 kinds of shaping modes were set up as FI type, L type, V type and fan type and the mean leaf area, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis rate, Rubisco activity in the leaves on the middle part of grape trees with different shaping modes and their fruit quality were determined and compared.

方法］以4年生红提葡萄为试材，其整形方式设FI型、L型、V型和扇型4种，对不同整型葡萄中部叶片的平均叶面积、叶绿素含量、光合速率、Rubisco活性和果实品质进行测定与比较。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。