垄断制度

This writing studies the relationship between Macau air transportation service market and CEPA by making attempts to analyze its market efficiency, how monopoly created through the umbrella of air traffic concession rights has hindered the market development.

本文尝试从澳门民航货运市场效率来探讨其与CEPA制度的关系，剖析专营权保障下造成的垄断局面如何不利民航运输服务市场的运作效率，藉以提出一些政策建议以深化CEPA制度对澳门总体经济贡献的效果。

Because our country still does not have the law to regulate the system definitely, this article plans to introduce patent pool establishment, the license pattern, the antitrade guidelines and so on, and then introduces the patent strategy pool in Taiwan, which is the indigenous change of the patent pool.

本文拟借此研究之东风，对以美国为代表的专利联盟的建立、许可模式、反垄断规制及其体现的法律特征做初步的探讨分析，并对台湾在专利联盟制度的基础上进行本土化改造所形成的专利策略联盟进行评析，以期对专利联盟制度在国内的适用有一初步的研究。

According to above target, following measures should be taken: 1 reforming the unrational enterprise institution, 2 enacting the law to make the enterprise market conduct normal, 3 using invest and credit to carry the industrial organization policy in enterprise construction, transform, and extension, 4 taking suitable administrative measures to adjust the industrial organization, 5 reorganizing enterprises and encourage them to annex and merge so as to accelerate the coordination and specialization, 6 dividing the limits of interposal of central government and local government, eliminating the administrative monopoly and area cutting-apart, 7 combining the reforming of enterprise property-right system with. the developing of enterprise group and using promoting enterprise unite by means of joint-stock company, 8 establishing an organic industrial organization policy system by many measures.

当前应当采取的产业组织政策措施包括：改革不合理的企业制度；完善有关法规以规范企业行为；在新建、改建、扩建企业的过程中运用投资、信贷等手段贯彻产业组织调整的目标；采取适当的行政直接干预措施进行最必要的产业组织调整；继续对企业实行改组、兼并，促进专业化分工与协作；划分中央政府与地方政府的干预范围，改变地区割据以及行政性垄断的现状；将企业产权制度的变革同发展企业集团结合起来，利用股份制的推行大力促进企业联合；采取多项配套措施，组成有机结合的产业组织政策体系。

Accordingly, the author probed into the trial institution of bid invitation for athlete's commercial activities of the project management center, as well as contract management manner improvement in order to optimize the allocation of property right of athlete's commercial value development resources, and to enhance the effect of athlete's commercial activities.

研究认为，反行政垄断并非是《反垄断法》所能完全承受的重任，完善运动员商业活动相关制度的关键是项目管理中心要转变职能，实现彻底的管办分离，以消除行政性限制竞争产生的土壤。据此，对项目管理中心试行运动员商业活动招标制度、改进合同管理方式以优化运动员商业价值开发资源的产权配置，提高运动员商业活动的效益进行了探讨。

Thirdly, This article also introduced the antimonopoly rules in the field of international intellectual property, including WTPO: the management model law of technology transfer contract, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development: Code of Conduct for international technology transfer", the United Nations Industrial Development Organization:"Evaluation of the contract Guide ", and the TRIPS. In addition, this article also analyzes the relevant legislation, including the United States, Japan, the European Union and China"s Taiwan region .Through the analysis, Chinas Anti-monopoly Law in the field of intellectual property need to improve, which is the fourth part of this article.

再次，本文又介绍了国际知识产权制度中的反垄断规则，包括WIPO《技术转让合同管理示范法》、联合国贸易与发展会议的《国际技术转让行为守则》、联合国工业发展组织的《合同评价指南》以及TRIPS协议等等，并且对美国、日本、欧盟及我国台湾地区的相关领域立法进行了分析，通过分析，对于我国知识产权领域反垄断立法进行了思考，提出了自己的观点，也就是文章的第四部分。

The exemption system of antimonopoly law refers to the system that some of the restricted competition behavior in accord on the immunity qualification, which viol...

反垄断法的豁免制度是指对于某些违反反垄断法的限制竞争行为，因其符合反垄断法所规定的免责条件而不予追究，以及特定行业的合法垄断行为不适用反垄断法禁止性规定的制度。

The main factors that affect the development of the Oligopolistic market structure are market competition, modern firm institution, firm merger, technical innovation and Anti-monopoly policy of government.

影响 西方国家寡头垄断市场结构形成与发展的主要因素有市场竞争、企业并购、现代企业制度、技术进步和政府反垄断政策等。

Therefore, the reform of our natural monopoly industry is a synchronous process of deregulation and reregulation, and also a process of constructing a new regulation system.

因此，当前我国自然垄断行业的监管改革是一个放松规制与强化规制同步进行的过程，也是新的监管制度建立和完善的一个制度变迁过程。

In this paper, the author proposes own opinions on the application of liability without fault in Chinese civil liability ,the means of bearing liability by administrative department in Chinese administrative anti-trust .insisting on propounding a new clause of anti-trust crime in Chinese criminal law and perfecting procedure laws .As a result ,the author tries to propose forceful theoretical support and reasonable legal suggestions upon the future legal liability system of Chinese anti-trust.

在文中，笔者就民事责任应采用双轨制归责原则、强化行政垄断主体的法律责任、在刑法分则中增加垄断罪条款以及完善法律责任追究程序等问题提出了自己的见解，力争能为我国将来合理设计具有中国特色的反垄断法法律责任制度提供有力的理论支持与合理的法律建议。

Laski s thinking of changing the American political system has not only the further and enlightened significance in facing the fundamental changes of the total capitalism from the private-monopoly stage to the state-monopoly stage,but also the connotation of the democratic socialism theory which Laski holds on in his mature period.

拉斯基的美国政治体制变革观，对于整个资本主义制度从私人垄断阶段过渡到国家垄断阶段的变革具有深刻的启迪意义，也从一个重要的侧面和较为适合的角度，反映出了处于思想成熟时期的拉斯基主张和一贯倡导的民主社会主义理论的丰富内涵。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。