垄断

This paper will discuss the question of anti-monopoly law's exempt in agricultural area as following: at first, the paper introduces the general theory on exemption from anti-monopoly law; then, this paper will introduce the legislations of United States and European Union on anti-monopoly law's exempt in agricultural area, review and analyze the history, and expound respective jurisdiction and policy; and then, the paper will concretely analyze the legal principle of anti-monopoly law's exempt in agricultural area; and then, it will discuss two concrete questions about system, including defining the concept of"involver"-----the person of legal relation of anti-monopoly law's exempt in agricultural area, and according to the legal frame of anti-monopoly law, the paper will analyze the legitimate action the agricultural cooperative organization; at last, this paper will advance some legislative suggestions about our national Anti-monopoly Act's exempt in agricultural area.

首先，介绍反垄断法豁免问题的一般理论；然后，介绍美国和欧盟在农业领域的反垄断法豁免的立法规定，回顾和分析其立法历史，阐述相关法理和政策考量；其次，具体分析农业领域反垄断法豁免采用的法律原则；再次，主要讨论两个具体制度问题，包括界定"参与人"概念——农业领域反垄断豁免的法律关系的主体，和根据反垄断法框架分析农业合作组织的合法行为；最后，为我国反垄断法农业领域豁免提出立法建议。

And its advancement and diffusion embodied the level of agriculture.The policy of official in charge of iron refers to the monopoly of production anddistribution of ironware by the government.

铁官制度是指政府垄断铁器的生产、冶铸与销售渠道，铁器作为一种重要的政治、经济战略物质成为政府调控社会经济发展的重要手段。

In mainly promotional and advertising activities designed to raise profile, the companies are reported to have teamed with established French companies like the state monopoly Francaise des Jeux and Tour de France operator Amaury in sponsoring a variety of sporting and other events on a wide range of regional media.

在主要的宣传，旨在提高专页广告活动中，据报告，公司与法国文化协会，如国家垄断德Jeux和赞助体育和其他范围广泛的各种活动环法自行车赛法国公司经营阿默里联手建立区域媒体。

Before China jointed WTO, its aviation oil market had been monopolized by the government.

在中国加入WTO以前，航油市场是国家垄断的市场。

What the juristical oligarchy now claims is to monopolise the knowledge of the laws, to have the exclusive possession of the principles by which quarrels are decided.

法律寡头政治现在所主张的是要垄断法律知识，要对决定争论所依据的各项原则有独占的权利。

As for the industries that are influenced by spillover effect, hi-tech industry is the focal industry where there is positive spillover effect; knowledge intensive services is the potential industry that produces and take advantage of spillovers from U.S. FDI in China; however, the lack of spillover effects to domestic firms appears in such industries where there are too many monopoly enterprises.

从产生外溢效应的行业来看，高科技行业是产生外溢效应的重点行业；知识密集型服务业是产生外溢效应的潜力产业；而垄断型企业较多的行业阻碍了外溢效应的产生。

Yet Muddiman's newsletters were still in circulation and beyond challenge. Thus the news communication was monopolized by L'Estrange and Muddiman.

但姆迪曼仍然保持其新闻信系统且独占鳌头，整个新闻传播为赖斯特朗奇和姆迪曼垄断。

After the restoration Charles II followed the precedents of Cromwell and published two official newsbooks, which were edited by Henry Muddiman. Yet Muddiman's reputation was mainly from his newsletter system. Roger L'Estrange was appointed Surveyor of the Press in 1663, took the place of Muddiman and published his newsbooks.

但是姆迪曼作为一个报人其荣誉主要来自他开创的新闻信体系。1663年赖斯特朗奇被任命为"报业总监"，取代了姆迪曼对新闻书的垄断地位，并发行自己的新闻书。

Mr. Sam LI briefs the Beijing 1st Intermediate Court Project, this research project includes following topics: prior art defense, laches/statutes of limitation, exhaustion, abuse, antitrust, prior use, transitory, non-profit purposes, experimental use, for administrative approval, legitimate source.

李森先生介绍了北京第一中级人民法院项目，该研究项目围绕以下主题展开：现有技术抗辩，懈怠与法定时效，权利用尽，权利滥用，反垄断，在先使用，临时过境，非盈利目的，实验性使用，行政审批性使用，合法来源。

In conclusion, the Laissez-faire transformed into National Interference policy with a long period .

随着美国国家垄断资本主义的发展，国家对社会发展的干预力度越来越强。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。