垄断

It has many contributing factors, among which interest-pursuit and expansion of administrative power are deep-seated ones.

市场经济的发展和法治国家的建立要求对行政垄断进行有效的规制。

In many developed countries, a series of changes have been undergone in some traditional natural monopoly industries, including deregulation, denationalization and introduction of the competition mechanism.

在许多发达市场经济国家，传统的自然垄断行业发生了一系列的变化，主要包括：放松管制、非国有化及引入竞争机制。

He urged governments to deregulate the industry in order to open access to global capital markets, as well as to cut the tax burden and regulate monopoly suppliers led by airports and air traffic control systems.

他敦促各国政府解除对该行业的监管，使之可以进入全球资本市场，同时降低税负，对以机场和空中交通管制系统为首的垄断供应商进行监管。

In order to overcome its drawbacks,we should differentiate various projects,deregulate and introduce the market system and non—government funds into the field of construction and management of public infrastructure.

应在重新认识自然垄断并区分不同项目性质的基础上，放松管制，运用多种模式将市场机制和非政府资金引入公共基础设施建设与经营领域，避免政府管制的弊端。

We could not permit our European associates to claim a monopoly on detente .

我们不能让我们的欧洲伙伴自称对缓和拥有垄断权。

"After formal operation of day devoir company, invest those who continue to increase Japanese business dimensions without doubt."

"百度的机会来自日本搜索引擎用户的使用习惯"，面对两大竞争对手的市场垄断局面，作为后来者的李彦宏对百度日本业务的前景依然表现得信心十足。

The system has a different morality as a group than the people do as individuals,which permits it willfully produce ineffective or dangerous products, deal dictatorially and often unfairly with suppliers, pay bribes for business, abrogate the right of employees by demanding blind loyalty to management or tamper with the democratic process of government through illegal political contributions.

与作为个体的人们有所不同，该制度，有着一个群体的，截然不同的道德系统，使之能人为地产生低效及有害产品，垄断交易，通常是指与供应商，贿赂业务，以要求对雇主管理层盲目忠诚以至剥夺雇员的权益，或者通过非法的政治捐款损害政府的民主进程。

When production costs fluctuate and yet,at the same time,selling price can not be adjusted because it is determined by the equilibrium of the entire market,at the aggregate level,where different players have different cost advantages in different products and processes. We show that the variational inequality approach is suitable for dealing with this differential game.

当产品生产成本大幅波动时，产品的销售价格并不能完全的由单独的生产商随意根据自身成本变动调整，因为在寡头垄断市场中，产品的最终售价须由市场的所有参与者共同确定，而不同的厂商在不同的产品与工艺流程中有不同的竞争成本优势。

Further, applying the stochastic control theory and differential game, we discuss the dynamic pricing strategy in competitive market, get the optimum solution, and compare the revenue in competitive market with the revenue in monopolistic market.

进一步应用随机控制理论，建立了竞争市场下的动态定价博弈模型，提出了两种竞争策略，比较了这两种竞争策略和垄断市场下的收入。

Based on Stahl (1988), this paper extends symmetric model in duopoly in Spulber (2002), analyzes the asymmetric model of competition with both different inputs and outputs, and examines in detail the impact of differential parameter of supply and demand on competition.

本文以Stahl(1988)为基础，将斯普尔伯(2002)对称的双寡头垄断中间化对称模型进行扩展，分析了投入品与产出品都不同的非对称寡头竞争模型，并详细考察了供给、需求差异化参数对竞争的影响。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。