垄断

The main factors that affect the development of the Oligopolistic market structure are market competition, modern firm institution, firm merger, technical innovation and Anti-monopoly policy of government.

影响 西方国家寡头垄断市场结构形成与发展的主要因素有市场竞争、企业并购、现代企业制度、技术进步和政府反垄断政策等。

As an endogenous monopolistic phenomenon, market power is the result of rivalrous competitive process and cannot be determined by monopolistic market structure.

作为内生的垄断现象，市场权势实际上是争胜竞争过程的结果，并非垄断的市场结构所决定。

Starting with the connotation of enterprise consolidation in the sense of Anti-Monopoly Law, the paper evaluates and analyzes various principles on which foreign countries firmly believe that enterprise combination leads to monopoly. And based on the analysis of the rule on such a recognition, the paper conceptualizes the theoretical frame of how to affirm monopoly is made up of enterprise combination in chinas present economic background.

本文以探析企业合并在反垄断法上的涵义为切入点，通过对国外认定企业合并构成垄断的诸原则进行评析，再在研析其有关认定标准的基础上，构思出在我国现有的经济背景下，如何认定企业合并构成垄断的理论构架。

Chapter 1 advances problem firstly in the introduction, elucidates theory and practical meaning of this dissertation.

第二章在阅读大量相关国外文献的基础上，尝试着对西方产业组织理论中买方垄断理论的文献进行回顾，并就零售业中买方垄断的相关研究进行了述评。

In the early period of the market economy, monopoly profits mainly embodies in monopoly conduct profits that impedes efficiency.

在市场经济发展的早期，垄断利润主要表现为有损效率的垄断行为利润。

On the other , local fixed telephone industry still monopolizes the telecommunication market .

第一部分在对自然垄断理论的回顾和评述的基础上，本文认为不能简单的判定电信业是或者不是自然垄断产业，而应该根据其在不同时期，不同业务的特征。

Due to the nature of natural monopoly,our country has adopted a mode that the nation monopolizes the industry and the industry is subjected to the administrative management.

中文摘要：长期以来，基于电力行业的自然垄断的性质，我国对其采取国家垄断经营并由政府行政管理的规制模式。

It has become a typical state monopoly group because of its lifeline role in national economy and its natural monopolizing characteristic.

它在国民经济中的命脉作用和所具有的自然垄断特性，使其成为典型的国家垄断企业集团。

This part mainly summaries monopoly-theory evolution and its development in China., and introduced the commonly used targets of weighting monopolizing degree , this part is the foundation of this article.

这一部分主要综述垄断理论的演进过程及在中国的发展状况，并介绍了常用垄断程度的衡量指标，这一部分为本文的基础，后面的论述在此基础上展开。

They are: contracting out services, asset sales, and the creation of monopsonies by governments at the local level, creating monopsonies is sometimes called the privatization

它们是：服务外包，资产出售，政府制造的垄断（在地方政府层级，制造垄断有时也称为&设备的私有化&）。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。