坡

The impacts of material spatial variability were usually not considered in traditional slope stability analyses. However, most geotechnical materials are usually not uniform inside a slope. Thus, traditional ways of analyses were not very reasonable. On the other hand, most geological explorations used vertical borings. Horizontal and inclined borings were seldom performed unless required by the client.

摘要 传统边坡数值稳定性分析时，大多没有考虑到材料空间变异性之影响性，材料无论在理论上或是在实际边坡上很少边坡为均质材料，因此传统的边坡分析是种较为不合理的现象，而地质钻探时都是以垂直钻探为主，除试验需要外，极少以水平或倾销钻探作为设计之基础，这也与现地所需有关系，导致空间变异性资料难以取得必需以现地资料加上文献中提及的尺度变动作为分析依据。

This paper systematically analyzed the problems China faced in this field,and summarized the latest research achievements on bryophyte's biological and ecological characteristics.

在分析我国边坡植被生态恢复面临问题的基础上，系统综合目前有关苔藓植物生物学生态学特征的研究成果，结合对成都附近铁路边坡自然植被中苔藓植物进行的案例调查与分析，讨论了将苔藓植物应用边坡植被生态恢复的意义、问题，提出促进苔藓植物在边坡植被生态恢复中应用的途径。

Wavy distribution of soil water along hillslope resulted from the fluctuation of runoff, upslope runoff infiltration, lateral downslope flow, and the difference of infiltration rate and evapotranspiration.

4土壤水分沿坡面呈"波浪形"分布是坡面径流的波动性、上方来水的沿程入渗、侧向沿坡向下流以及坡面各处入渗性能和蒸发蒸腾作用的差异等综合作用的结果。

When applying that program to a real case, we could obtain a more accurate result, which was accord with the actual conditions and had smaller error of safety coefficient.

通过将该边坡稳定性评价程序应用于边坡实例的稳定性评价分析，得到的边坡状态与实际相符，准确度较高，用于计算边坡的安全系数误差较小。

At the same time, some factors such as cohesive strength, internal friction angle, slope angle of slide plane, groundwater level and earthquake intensity are analyzed. Different sensitive degrees with assurance factor are obtained. The mathematical models are simulated for them. It supplies the theoretical basis for how to confirm stability of part of slope. This will offer some guidance for the practical engineering.

同时，通过研究粘聚力、内摩擦角、滑动面倾角、地下水位及地震烈度等影响因素对边坡安全系数的敏感性程度，得到了该边坡工程的主要影响因素，并通过岩体粘聚力、内摩擦角及地震烈度与边坡稳定性系数的关系曲线分别模拟出了它们的数学模型，对确定边坡某一具体位置的稳定性程度提供了理论基础，具有一定的实际指导意义。

Due to complex and multifariousness of the high rock slope, four engineering projects--the Hen shan landslide at Han sheng Power Plant, artifical grantie high slope at Yuan liang Wan Power Plant in Shen Zhen, in Lin Shan Mountain in Lin Zhen, the natural high gneiss slope at Li Shan Mountain in Lin Tong, and the high slope at 701 open-pit in DaXin are taken into account in this study.

二、本文针对岩石高边坡组成的复杂性与多样性，选择韩城电厂泥岩砂岩间层的横山滑坡、深圳月亮湾电厂花岗岩人工高边坡，临潼骊山以片麻岩为主组成的北坡自然高边坡和广西大新七○一矿露天高边坡四个实际工点进行稳定性研究。

The region in the altitude f rom 4400 to 4600 meters , which is mainly covered by alpine meadow and alpine swamp meadow , is st rongly degraded by the stock raising with it s influence radius of about 24 kilometers. The influence distance perpendicular to roads is also 24 kilometers , since road const ruction accelerates human2induced destruction to vegetation. Vegetation in shade aspect is rising due to the increase in precipitation , while vegetation in sunny aspect tends to be stable or degraded because of the enhancement in sunlight . Furthermore , the vegetation coverage is influenced by the groundwater level . In near riverbed fields , where the depth of groundwater is shallow , plant s can easily grow ; while in far riverbed fields , vegetation is prone to degrade due to drainage. The radius of river influence is 24 kilometers.

海拔4400～4600m的较低海拔地带退化最强烈，主要为高寒草甸与高寒沼泽草甸受牧业影响较大；牧业影响半径为24km；道路的影响范围为24km，道路的修建加速了人类对高原植被的破坏作用；阳坡植被呈现趋于稳定和退化的趋势，阴坡植被表现为增长的趋势，降水量增加是源区植被，尤其是阴坡植被变好的重要原因，而太阳光照增强是导致阳坡干旱和植被趋于退化的潜在原因；近河床区地下水位埋深较浅，植被生长具有稳定的地下水源；在远离河床的一定区域内，地下水易于疏干，植被易于退化，河流影响范围为24km。

There was no obvious erosion at the summit because of small slope gradient. Redeposition also took place at back-slope, foot-slope and toe-slope.

各地貌部位坡肩侵蚀最为严重，有机碳含量最低；坡顶坡度较小，侵蚀微弱；坡脚和坡足发生沉积。

In combination of the cut slope engineering works of an express way the present paper puts forward the designing method to reinforce the slope with prestressed cables, which is useful referentially for similar slope engineering works.

结合某高速公路路堑岩质边坡工程，在分析边坡工程地质条件的基础上，提出了预应力锚索加固边坡的设计方法和步骤，为相关边坡工程的加固提供借鉴经验。

Based on the problems of the change of erosion types on the slope, we used a new REE tracer method, by placing different rare earth elements of different soil depth across a slope in an indoor plot, simulated rainfall and INAA were applied to study sheet erosion changing to rill erosion on slope land.

提出并建立了一种新的利用REE元素研究坡面土壤侵蚀的方法根据坡面不同侵蚀方式演变过程定量分析存在问题，提出并建立了人为沿坡面垂直分层布设不同的REE示踪元素，利用室内人工模拟降雨试验和中子活化分析相结合的方法研究坡面侵蚀演变过程。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失