坐标系统

In this research, we find that because of the changes of parameters and structure in GNSS, the error origins are very different of them in foretime.

在研究中发现，由于GNSS系统本身参数和结构改变，加上坐标变换的问题，使得误差来源发生变化，导致原有误差公式不再适用。

Nonholonomic constraint is the constraint that contains time derivatives of the generalized coordinates of the system and is not integrable.

非完整约束是指含有系统广义坐标导数且不可积的约束。

Based on homogeneous approximation, a robust control law is designed, which drives generalized coordinates of the closed loop system to the origin exponentially and generalized velocities to the origin asymptotically.

基于齐次展开的思想，给出了一种鲁棒控制器设计方法，使得闭环系统的广义位置坐标指数镇定，广义速度渐近镇定。

The geo data offered here are in high-precision quality and are present in different coordinate and reference systems.

土力工程处提供的数据在这里是在高精密的质量和是目前在不同的坐标和参照系统。

Can be reduced by decreasing grid size and increasing the number of solid angle discreetation.

因而，在含散射性介质的系统，如煤粉燃烧室内流动、燃烧、传热的模拟中，离散坐标法将是一种很有发展前途的辐射传热计算模型。

Being formed by linear grain curved surface, helicoid can be expressed by a group of simple lines. Writing two equations of inside and outside of the helicoid, getting any one of simple line′s equation and from which getting the coordinations of two end points by projection transformation, the CAD system of helicoid is achieved. It...

由于螺旋面为直纹曲面，因此可用它的一组素线表示，用极坐标的形式写出内外两条螺旋线的方程，求出任一素线的方程，并通过投影变换求得素线上两端点的坐标矩阵，进而设计出螺旋面的CAD系统，并将其应用于实践，为设计优化决策提供有力的证据。

By constructing a sphere hexagonal grid system based on the Truncated Icosahedrons Projection, this paper focuses on the study of the address coding mechanism of the sphere hexagonal grids, including the hierarchy coding schemes, the study of the positional relations among the grid units and the mutual conversion between the address codes of the grid units and the geographical coordinates.

本文通过构建基于截顶正二十面体投影的球面六边形网格系统，对球面六边形网格的地址编码机制进行了重点研究，包括网格的层次编码方案、网格单元位置关系研究和网格单元地址码与地理坐标之间的相互转换。

Before separating, we mark three points which are not collinear of the object firstly; secondly we use homogeneous coordinates and normalization to deal with the date we measured, which can make the date work for the system we developed.

在分开待测物之前先标定待测物体不共线的三个点，在分开以后进行坐标变换还原数据，然后归一化所得数据，使数据直接应用于系统。

Based on the theory of robotics, manipulator's kinematics equation is established and inverse kinematics analysis and calculation is made by algebraic solution after simplification, besides, Cartesian-space schemes, working space and singularities are also taken into account.

在机器人学的理论基础上，使用D-H方法建立了机械手的运动学方程；通过问题简化，利用代数解法，进行了逆运动学分析和计算，并对机械手进行了笛卡尔坐标轨迹规划，为后续控制系统的设计及机构运动仿真提供了依据；分析了机械手的工作空间、奇异性；介绍了建立机器人动力学方程的常用方法。

In this paper, the analytical formulations for every reflection point's Z coordinate are deduced by using Fermat's principle and law of reflection in the system of cylinder and cone.

以圆柱和圆锥二阶系统的反射寻迹为例，结合费马原理和反射定律，推导出各反射点Z坐标的解析表达式，从而减少了寻迹方程中未知数个数，使计算时间显著缩短，也提高了结果精度，文中给出了应用实例。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。