坐标系的

Establishing the observation coordinate to acquire the horizontal and vertical components of atmospheric wind in the detecting field by the space analytical geometry theory, completing the inversion of the atmospheric wind.

在观测点建立空间观测坐标系，由此坐标系出发根据空间解析几何的理论，推导出观测场内的大气风场的水平面和垂直于水平面上的分量，给出了风场探测的反演方法。

Power-law fluid is used to describe the Non-newtonian rheological property of the produced fluid in a polymer-driving well; the governing equations, boundary and initial equations of power-law fluid in eccentric annuli with the inner cylinder reciprocating axially is established in bipolar coordinates system; formulas of instantaneous flow rate and stress distribution on the outwall of the inner cylinder of the unsteady flow of power-law fluid in eccentric annuli with the inner cylinder reciprocating axially are established.

在理论上，用幂律流体模型描述了聚合物驱油井产出液的非Newton流变性；建立了双极坐标系下幂律流体在内管做轴向往复运动的偏心环空中非定常流的控制方程及边界条件和初始条件方程；建立了双极坐标系下幂律流体在内管做轴向往复运动的偏心环空中流动时瞬时流量和流体在内管壁上的压力分布计算公式。

The calculation of initial alignment direction cosine matrix between SINS body frame and navigation reference frame is expanded into three parts:(1) the DCM between i0 frame and n frame is easily obtained via local geographical coordinates and initial alignment time;(2) by expressing SINS specific force equation in b frame and by the aid of external velocity log, the constant DCM from i(subscript 0) frame to i0 frame is achieved;(3) attitude updating using gyro samples gets the DCM between b frame and i(subscript b0) frame.

将捷联惯组坐标系与导航坐标系之间的初始对准姿态矩阵的实现分解为三步骤：(1)通过地理位置和初始对准时间求解i0系至n系的变换矩阵；(2)通过惯导比力方程变形，引入刚速仪速度辅助，求解从i(下标 b0)系至i0系的常值变换矩阵；(3)使用姿态更新算法实时计算b相对于i(下标 b0)系的变换矩阵。

Camera parameters according to the correspondence of feature points both in the image coordinates and the world coordinates with the camera calibration technology was firstly caculated. Then the main position of light source was gotten from the two erectness object and their shadows. Finally, the illumination effect of the virtual object in the light source with the position of virtual object and camera parameter was computed.

首先利用球场的特征点在图像坐标系与世界坐标系上的匹配关系计算出真实摄像机的参数；根据摄像机参数和场景中已有的物体及它们的阴影坐标来恢复主光源；并计算出虚拟物体在所求光源下光照效果的过程。

But from the point of view of the relativity theory, time as well as space is changed by passing from one c.s. to another, and the Lorentz transformation considers the transformation properties of the four-dimensional time-space continuum of our four-dimensional world of events.

但是从相对论的观点看来，时间和空间从一个坐标系过渡到另一个坐标系时都是要改变的，而洛伦兹转换就是考察事件的四维世界的四维时空连续区的转换性质的。

A deformable model is used to reconstruct the shape of the LV: first, the dynamic equation governing the surface deformation is deduced; secondly the image planes are mapped to the reconstruction coordinate system. From the slices data, the external force exerted on the surface is defined and the elastic force of the surface is constructed by mean curvature of the deformation surface. Finally, a level set method is applied to solve the dynamic equation for LV shape.

为了重建左心室的形状，使用基於形变模型的方法：首先建立变形曲面的动力学方程；再将成像坐标系中的图像平面映射到重建坐标系，根据图像数据构造外力，使用平均曲率构造变形曲面的弹性力，然后用水平集数值解法求解动力学方程以重建左心室的表面。

On the basis of introduction of kinematic analysis methods, the paper founds the stationary coordinate system and the wheel coordinate system respectively. Meanwhile, the kinematic constraint equations of the standard centered orientable wheel is founded on the assumption that there is no slippage in normal direction and pure rolling in tangential direction of the wheels.

在简要介绍常规的运动学分析方法的基础上，建立了相关的惯性坐标系和滚轮坐标系，并根据滚轮在法向无滑动、切向作纯滚动的假设建立了中心定位轮的运动约束方程。

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor driven by triphase sinusoidal current is studied object in this paper. The movement equtions in several coordinates are set up based on the analysis of electromagnetism restricted relation.

本文以三相正弦波驱动的永磁同步电机为研究对象，在深入分析其内在电磁约束关系的基础上，给出了不同坐标系下的运动方程，根据其数学模型，确定了电动车用电机在旋转坐标系下的矢量控制方案。

The improvements in the IAGA contained adding strengthen operator, improving evaluation index of premature, etc. Multi-phase homing project, making use of the flight properties of parafoil system in gliding and turning, was simple in control and facile in practice. Based on Frenet frame, the linear time-variable error equations of parafoil system were built.

基于Frenet坐标系推导和建立了翼伞系统线性时不变的误差方程，并运用&投影点&的思想来获得Frenet坐标系下偏差量的解析近似表达式，从而设计了用于翼伞系统航迹跟踪的传统PD控制器和增益调节型模糊PD控制器。

Here again is the old, much discussed, problem of determining the velocity in one c.s. if it is already known in another.

这里又是前面那个老的、讨论了很多次的问题，即假使知道了一样东西在一个坐标系中的速度，如何决定它在另一个坐标系中的速度。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。