均质性

In the same way failure area is not single andis more complex with decrease of scale of specimens. And failure shape ismore close to quasi-brittle failure. It varies with homogeneousness that thescale of specimens at which failure shape changes.(3) The failure shape of homogeneous specimens with crack is controlledby crack. But that of heterogeneous specimens with crack is controlled bycrack and heterogeneousness.(4) Acoustic emission doesnt appear until homogeneous specimens fail.

但对于不同均质度，试件破坏形态发生变化的尺度也不同；(3)对于均质度较高的含裂纹试件，试件的破坏形态主要受裂纹控制，而对于均质度较差的含裂纹试件，试件的破坏形态由试件材料的非均匀性和裂纹共同控制；(4)均质度较高的试件，破坏前，试件内不出现声发射，破坏瞬间，声发射在某些部位同时出现，且随尺度增大，试件声发射能量增大，声发射区趋于集中。

Based on investigating the short and intermittent structural plane, surrounding rockmass of the huge underground powerhouse in Three Gorge has been divided into five statistical similar areas according to its characteristic of rockmass structure by applying structure plane network simulation. Distributed characteristic of structural plane has been studied and based on it mechanics macrocharacteristic has been studied:(1) It is the first time that based on the result of structural plane network simulation rockmass quality of every structure area has been studied with applying blurred information optimum seeking technique and be compared with and RQD method. The result indicated that it has better effect to evaluate rock quality with blurred information optimum seeking technique.(2) It is the first time that the interrelated relationship of the result of in-suit rockmass deformation test and fractal characteristic of structure on test point has been applied to determine rockmass deformation parameter. The question of evaluating deformation parameters of engineering rockmass has been solved.(3) Anisotropy strength parameters have been determined by applying shear zones simulating method. The result indicated that there are different strength parameters in every structural area, after comparing the result of Fast Lagranian Analysis in continua number simulation method with that of method of weighted mean according to continuity. The result indicated that when a suitable reduction coefficient is been considered rockmass strength parameters can be simply and fast determined with method of weighted mean according to continuity where there is not enough test result.(4) Damage characteristic has been studied based on analysis fractal characteristic of structural plane network by applying fractal-damage coupling method. It is the first time that the concept of damage degree has been set up to evaluate rockmass quality according to the biggest principal damage.

通过对短小、断续性结构面统计特征的研究，将地下厂房区划分为五个岩体结构统计均质区，应用结构面网络模拟技术研究了各个岩体结构均质区结构面的发育分布特征，并以此为基础对岩体宏观力学特性进行了深入研究：(1)首次通过在结构面网络模拟计算结果的基础上，应用模糊信息优化技术研究了厂房区各个岩体结构分区的岩体质量并与岩体基本质量指标研究法、岩体质量指标RQD值研究法作了对比，结果表明以结构面网络模拟结果为基础，应用模糊信息优化技术进行岩体质量评价能够取得很好的效果，解决了工程岩体质量的定量评价问题；(2)首次通过对已有的现场大型岩体变形试验结果的分析及相应试验点岩体结构分形特征的研究，建立了结构面分布的分形维数和岩体变形指标间的相关关系，并首次应用这种相关关系根据结构面网络模拟及分形维数计算结果确定了缺少试验结果的地下厂房各工程部位的岩体变形指标而且应用于围岩稳定性计算，解决了工程岩体宏观变形参数的评价问题；(3)应用在结构面模拟网络图上模拟岩体剪切破坏带的方法，得出了岩体在不同方向上的强度参数，结果表明岩体的强度特性与结构面的发育方向和程度有着明显的关系，各个岩体结构均质区具有不同的强度参数；同时还通过应用拉格朗日差分法对岩体强度指标的数值分析并与按连通率加权平均计算法对比表明，按连通率加权平均计算法在考虑合理的折减系数情况下，可以简单快速地对缺少现场大型试验结果的具体工程部位实现岩体强度指标的估计，通过以上研究解决了工程岩体抗剪强度参数的评价问题；(4)通过结构面网络分形维数的研究，应用分形损伤耦合分析方法，研究了厂房区岩体的损伤特征，并首次引入"损伤度"的概念，建立了应用最大主损伤评价岩体质量的指标体系。

objective to compare image manifestations values between high resolution computerized tomography and x-ray chest film in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia in the elderly.methods we analysed and compared image manifestations between hrct and x-ray chest film with 12 cases of clinically suspected iip in the elderly.results ct and hrct had more sensitivity and specificity than x-ray chest film.there were more image manifestations in hrct such as grand grass,net,line,nodular,honeycombing,bronchiectasis,honeycombing cyst,peribronchovascular interstitial thickening and irregularity.there were significant difference between them （p.05）.these patients who were suspected iip had better control and remission after being treated with hormone and immuno-suppressive drug.conclusion it have more significant virtues in hrct to manifest iip in the elderly than x-ray chest film,and it also may manifest iip curative effect.

目的 比较高分辨断层摄影术、x线胸片检查对老年特发性间质性肺炎的诊断价值。方法对12例临床疑诊为间质性肺炎的老年患者，进行胸部hrct与胸部平片检查，并对照分析。结果胸部ct在诊断方面比常规胸片有较大的优越性，hrct则有更高的敏感性和特异性，hrct表现出磨玻璃影、网状、线条、小结节、蜂窝影，支气管扩张、细支气管扩张、支气管壁和血管壁增厚及不规则等征象，12例临床疑诊为间质性肺炎的患者，经胸部hrct诊断的12例，而胸部平片诊断的仅有2例，二者比较差异有显著性（p.05），hrct疑诊的iip患者，经临床激素及免疫抑制剂治疗，病情均得到控制或缓解。结论 hrct表现老年间质性肺炎的特点明显高于胸部平片，且hrct可以反映间质性肺炎的疗效。

The design formula for well space of vectorial well pattern for the reservoirs with plane he.

如果采用常规等井距五点井网开发平面非均质性油藏，往往会导致不同方向上的生产井见水时间差别较大，水驱波及程度在方向上不均衡，从而严重影响油藏开发效果。

The effects of gas-liquid ratio, oil saturation and permeability on nitrogen foam flow law in porous media were studied systemly. Oil saturation is the main influential factor of foam's fluidity, and just for this, the aggravation of formation heterogeneity has little effect on the effect of the profile control, foam's flow law is decided by remaining oil distribution.

系统研究了气液比、含油饱和度、渗透率对氮气泡沫渗流规律的影响，结果表明，含油饱和度是影响氮气泡沫渗流阻力的最主要因素，泡沫渗流阻力随着含油饱和度的升高而降低，剩余油分布规律决定了调驱过程中氮气泡沫的渗流规律，受此影响，地层非均质性的增加对泡沫调剖效果的影响较小。

Secondly, considering the complexity and heterogeneity of rock-like materials, two new models, namely the Inner Open Sliding Crack Model and the Single Wing Crack Model , are proposed. The two new models and the well-known Sliding Crack Model are consolidated as Zigzag Crack Model in this dissertation.

第二，针对岩石类材料的复杂性和非均质性提出两种新的模型：内张型滑动裂纹模型和单翼滑动裂纹模型，并将这两种模型和经典滑动裂纹统一为锯齿形裂纹模型。

Owing to inborn high temperature and high pressure gas after blasting and complexity of dynamic principal relationship and interact ional complexity between dynamite and rock and non-equal character and anisotropies of rock, the rock blasting mechanism research is quite complex.

该过程由于炸药爆炸后生成的高温、高压气体产物和岩石动态本构关系的复杂性，炸药与岩石之间相互作用的复杂性，以及岩石本身的非均质性和各向异性等使得岩石爆破机理的研究显得十分复杂和困难。

Furthermore, by segmenting the reservoir into a collection of small blocks, we can assign unique values of the rock properties to each, and thereby approximate reservoir heterogeneities and anisotropies.

p241d 译文：进而将油藏分割成小单元体的集合，我们可以对每一个单元体的岩石性质指定唯一值。因此，就近似描述出油藏的非均质性和各向异性。

The target formation in this area is Ordovician carbonate reservoir. Its anisotropies are strong and its dominant frequency and Signal-to-Noise are low. The describe of reservoirs using the tradition resolution method is very difficult.

研究工区主要目的层为奧陶系碳酸盐岩储层，非均质性强，横向变化快，而地震资料主频和信噪比都较低，用常规方法难以描述碳酸盐岩储层分布。

It is only both heterogeneity and anisotropy of porous rock media that bring about sonically induced polarization effects in reservoirs.

正是由于地层孔隙介质中非均质性和各向异性的存在才使地层具有声激发极化效应。

The X-ray diffract was used to analyze the crystal structure of the composite. Results show that after the talc was treated with blend coupling agent, the crystal structure of talc changed, and effect Intercalation phenomenon.

通过X射线衍射分析可知，用混合偶联剂对滑石粉进行预处理后，滑石粉晶体结构发生改变，产生了插层现象，使PP／滑石粉复合材料为纳米复合材料。

An authentic Maui wedding might require the services of a 'kahu', which is a Hawaiian minister.

毛伊可能需要一个真实婚礼服务'kahu'，这是夏威夷部长。