均质

RESULT: 1.Ouabain act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens anterior capsular membrane discontinuous,epithelium cells clustered,occluding zonule seperated,lens fiber layers fractured.Under the EM,cells totally hollowed,mitochondria swelling,myelin figure appeared.RT-PCR examine the expression condition of αsubunit of sodium pump on mRNA level,α1、α2 and α3-isoform are all decreased.2.Digoxin act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens cell oedema,linkage distructed,extensive exfoliation.Under the EM,plasma appeared little half-transparant hollow region,mitochondria swelling and ridge disappeared. RT-PCR examine,α1、α2 and α3-isoform are all decreased.3.Amphotericin B act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens epithelium cells linked tightly,arranged in-line,lens fiber layers arranged tightly and regularily.Under the EM,abbundant cellular organes,exuberant cells function indicated. RT-PCR examine the expression condition of αsubunit of sodium pump on mRNA level,α1 and α3-isoform are increased significantly,demonstrated isoform-specific action.4D-thyroxine act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens plasmalemma integrated,cells arranged tightly and regularily.Under the EM,nucleus fission appeared,desmosome half-desmosome and tensile microfilaments linked the cells. RT-PCR examine,α2 and α3-isoform are increased, also demonstrated isoform-specific action.5.Vitamin E act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens anterior capsular membrane continuous and smooth,epithelium cells tightly linked,lens fiber layers appearede hollow region occasionally.Under the EM,lateral membrane high density belt appeared,abundant nucleolus. RT-PCR examine,onlyα1-isoform are increased, demonstrated significantly isoform-specific action.6.DMSO act on lens sodium-pump,under the LM,lens anterior capsular membrane slightly thicker,cells linkage partly distructed.Under the EM,plasmalemma denaturation,mitochondria swelling.RT-PCR examine,α1、α2 and α3-isoform are all altered slightly and haven't significant meanning.

结果：1、哇巴因作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体前囊膜断裂、上皮细胞聚积、闭合连接分离、纤维板层裂隙，电镜下全层细胞空泡化、线粒体肿胀出现髓样结构，RT-PCR法检测晶状体钠泵α亚单位α1、α2及α3三种重整异构体在mRNA水平的表达均减弱。2、地高辛作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体细胞水肿、细胞连接破坏、广泛剥离，电镜下胞质见少许半透明空化区、线粒体肿胀嵴消失，RT-PCR法检测晶状体钠泵α亚单位α1、α2及α3三种重整异构体在mRNA水平的表达均减弱。3、两性霉素B作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体上皮细胞紧密连接、线状排列、纤维板层紧密规整，电镜下细胞器丰富、细胞功能旺盛，RT-PCR法检测α1及α3表达显著增强、具有一定的重整异构作用特异性。4、D甲状腺素作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体质膜完整、细胞排列紧密规整，电镜下胞核见分裂像、细胞间有桥粒、半桥粒及张力微丝，RT-PCR法检测α2及α3表达均增强、亦有一定的重整异构作用特异性。5、维生素E作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体前囊膜连续光滑、上皮细胞紧密连接、纤维板层偶见空化，电镜下囊侧膜内有高电子密度带、细胞核仁丰富，RT-PCR法检测仅有α1的表达显著增强、具有极强的重整异构作用特异性。6、二甲基亚砜作用于晶状体钠泵后，光镜下晶状体前囊膜轻度增厚、细胞连接部分破坏，电镜下质膜变性、线粒体肿胀，RT-PCR法检测晶状体钠泵α亚单位α1、α2及α3三种重整异构体在mRNA水平的表达无显著改变。

The expression of NSE was detected in cortex of adrenal cortical hyperplasia, cortical adenomas and pheochromoeyte carcinoma, hut not in that of pheochromocytoma and normal adrenal. The expression of SYN was detected in cortex of corticohyperplassia, cortical adenomas, medull neoplasm, chromophile tumor and pheochromocyte carcinoma, but not in that of cortical adenocarcinoma and normal adrenal. The expressions of CgA, NSE and SIN were detected in the medulla of all cases. Conclusion The characteristic of CgA, SYN and NSE in cortex and medulla of adrenal are useful in the differential diagnosis of tumor and hyperplasia in the adrenal.

结果 肾上腺皮质腺瘤、皮质腺癌、嗜铬细胞瘤和嗜铬细胞癌的皮质中均可见CgA染色阳性细胞，皮质增生、髓质增生和正常肾上腺病例皮质CgA染色阴性；肾上腺皮质增生、皮质腺瘤、皮质腺癌、髓质增生和嗜铬细胞癌NSE染色呈阳性，嗜铬细胞瘤和正常肾上腺皮质NSE染色呈阴性；皮质增生、皮质腺瘤、髓质增生、嗜铬细胞瘤和嗜铬细胞癌的皮质中SYN染色呈阳性，皮质腺癌和正常肾上腺皮质SYN染色呈阴性；所有病例髓质CgA、NSE和SYN染色均呈强阳性。

Specifically, itcontains 8 chapters.In chapter 1, the formation, structures, properties and the futureprospect of liposome were thoroughly reviewed;In chapter 2, the stibility and permeability of phopholipid -eleostericacid liposome were studied together with the effect of polymerizationof eleostearic acid. This membrane system was very sensitive to 〓,the effect of 〓 was clarified to increase the aggregation/fusion ofliposomes and made the permeability of mixed liposomes much higher;In chapter 3, two polymerizable conjugated diyne bolaamphiphiles were synthesized. They could form very stable mixed liposome, andthe diyne could be polymerized by UV light in bilayer liposomes, as aresult, the stability of mixed liposome against solvent or surfactantafter polymerization were enhanced. In chapter 4, two kinds of amphiphilic amino acids were synthesized andstable liposomes were formed therefrom After the condensationpolymerization of amino acid in bilayer liposomes, stable polypeptide liposomes were obtained, which had lower phase transition temperatureand higher permeability.In chapter 5, four kinds of glycolipids were synthesized and theiraggregation behavior in water was comparied. When incorporated intophospholipid bilayer membranes, they could increase the phase transitiontemperatures and inhibit the aggregation and fusion of mixedliposomesat lower temperature.In chapter 6 and 7, three kinds of steroidal bolaamphiphiles withdifferent chain lengths were synthesized. Incorporation of steroidalmoiety to the center of lipid bilayer membrane obviously increased themobility of lipid membrane and shifted Tc to lower temperature side incomparasion with cholesterol. The bolaamphiphile which was shorter thanthe hosted lipid bilayer membrane thickness influenced the lipid packingmore obviously.

全文共分8章：第一章对脂质体的形成、结构、性质及展望进行了较为详细的文献综述；第二章研究了磷脂-桐酸脂质体的稳定性，通透能力及桐酸的聚合对这些性质的影响；磷脂-桐酸混合脂质体为一类对〓灵敏的脂质体，〓的作用首先是使脂质体集聚然后使脂质体融合，并加速内包荧光物的释放；第三章通过合成两种可聚合共轭双炔双极性双亲分子DDCA，DDOL，研究了共双炔分子在双分子层脂质体膜上的聚合及对脂质体性质的影响，聚合可以提高脂质体相对于溶剂及表面活性剂的稳定性；第四章合成了两类氨基酸为极性基团的双亲分子，它们均可以在超声下形成稳定的脂质体结构；氨基酸基团可以在脂质体上进行缩聚反应，若聚合后脂质体表面仍有足够的亲水能力，则可得到稳定的多肽型脂质体；聚合后脂质体的相变温度降低，通透能力增加；第五章合成了四种亲水基团为单糖基的双亲分子GL-l，GL-2，GL-3， GL-4，研究了它们在水中的分散情况、集合体形态与分子结构的关系；在DMPC双分子层膜中加入糖脂分子可以使脂质体的相变温度提高，阻止脂质体在低温放置时的集聚与融合；第六章-第七章合成了三种不同碳链长度的双极性含胆甾环双亲分子 CL-1，CL-2，CL-3；它们可以象胆固醇一样与磷脂混合形成稳定脂质体，胆甾环基团位于脂质体双分子层膜的中间；与胆固醇的作用相反，它们可以增加磷脂双分子层膜的流动性，降低混合脂质体的相变温度；三种分子的作用与其碳链长度和磷脂双分子层膜的厚度有关，比膜厚度短的分子影响最大。

Theurinary IL-6 level positively correlated with density of glomerular matrix membrane, global sclerosis, fiber or fibrocellular crescents and interstitial fibrosis (p. 05). According to the degree of density of glomerular matrix membrane and interstitial fibrosis, urinary Col-IV level had better correlation than urinary TGF-betal and IL-6 levels.In IgAN, Col-IV showed increased expression in diseased renal tissue whereas the site of expression of TGF-betal was mainly localized within the cytoplasm of tubular epithelial cells. Interstial expressionwas also present but glomerular TGF-betal expression was found only in patients with heavy mesangial proliferation. There was a significant correlation between glomerular positivity for Col-IV and severity of histological damage. There was also a significant correlation between positivity for TGF-betal and Col-IV in the tubular epithelial and interstitial lesions. In contrast, there was no ralationship between glomerular positivity for TGF-betal and severity of histological damage.The urinary TGF-betal level paralleled tubular TGF-betal expression.

结果 ①IgAN患者尿TGF-β1、IL-6、Col-Ⅳ水平较健康人明显增高(P＜0.01)，该变化与血中的浓度无关(P＞0.05)；②尿TGF-β1水平与小管间质TGF-β1阳性表达呈正相关(P=0.000)，而与小球TGF-β1阳性表达无关(P＞0.05)，尿Col-Ⅳ水平与小球和小管间质Col-Ⅳ阳性表达均呈良好的相关性(P＜0.01)，还与小管间质TGF-β1阳性表达呈正相关(P＜0.05)：③小球Col-Ⅳ阳性表达与肾组织慢性病变密切相关(P＜0.05)，小管间质Col-Ⅳ和TGF-β1阳性表达均与肾小管间质病变呈良好的相关性(P＜0.01)，而小球TGF-β1阳性表达与肾组织损伤无关(P＞0.05)；④尿TGF-β1、Col-Ⅳ水平与肾小球基质基底膜面密度、小管间质病变呈正相关(P＜0.01)，与小球内细胞数呈负相关(P＜0.05)，该结果与其在组织中的表达一致；尿IL-6水平浙江大学硕士学位论文尿TGF一B一、IL一6和Col一IV在IgA肾病中的应用价值与基质基底膜面密度、球性硬化、纤维或细胞纤维新月体所占肾小球百分数及小管间质病变均有显著的相关性(F.05)；在轻度肾病理损伤时，尿'l'G卜pl、I卜6、Col一IV水平即升高，而尿Col一W在反映细胞外基质积聚和间质纤维化程度上比尿TGF一pl和IL一6有更好的相关性。

One could nodulate the soybean cultivars tested and showed wider host range, the other only nodulate limited soybean cultivars. Plasmid could not be detected from twenty-three slow-growing strains and twenty-nine fast-growing strains were found containing 1-4 plasmids by Echardts method.

质粒快速检测结果表明：慢生型大豆根瘤菌均不含有质粒，快生型大豆根瘤菌均有1-4个质粒，质粒类型与宿主亲和性也有一定的相关性。

Results The mortality rate of mice in 80 mg/kg, day cyclophosphamide group was 16.7%, and T level [ at 30th day :( 1.38 ± 0.31 );45th day:( 1.15 ± 0.26 ) ] and T/LH ratio [ at 30th day:(0.163 ± 0.014); 45th day:(0.127 ± 0.023 ) ] were significantly decreased (all P＜0.05) at 30th day after induction;The concentration of MDA [at 15th day:(2.70 ± 0.41);30th day:(2.710.36);45th day:(2.67 ±0.43) ] was maintained at a high level (all P＜0.05) during the 45 days ; Number of Leydig's cells [ at 15th day:(9.65 ± 0.75 ); 30th day:( 14.05 ± 0.67 ); 45th day:(8.49 ± 072)] and layers of spermatogenetic epithelia [ at 15th day:(4.75 ± 0.82);30th day:(3.60 ± 0.49);45th day:(3.74 ± 0.43 ) ] were significantly decreased ( all P ＜ 0.01 ) and stabilized in a low level. The induced model was stable and the mortality rate was acceptable. In the 60 mg/kg, day cyelophosphamide group, the T level and T/LH ratio had no significant change (P ＞ 0.05 ), and the concentration of MDA ,number of Leydig' s cell and layers of spermatogenetic epithelia recovered at 30th day after induction. The induced model was unstable.

结果 剂量每日为80 mg/kg体重小鼠成模后死亡率为16.7%，血清T[30 d：(1.38±0.31)；45 d：(1.15±0.26)]及T/LH比值[30 d：(0.163±0.014)；45 d：(0.127±0.023)]于诱导后第30天出现显著下降(P均＜0.05)，而诱导后睾丸组织内MDA含量[15 d：(2.70±0.41)；30 d(2.71±0.36)；45 d：(2.67±0.43)]维持高水平(P均＜0.05)，生精上皮层次[15 d：(4.75±0.82)；30 d：(3.60±0.49)；45 d：(3.74±0.43)]和间质细胞[15 d：(9.65±0.75)；30 d：(14.05±0.67)；45 d：(8.49±0.72)]均显著减少(P均＜0.01)并稳定于低水平，模型稳定，死亡率适当；每日60mg/kg体重组小鼠血清T及T/LH比值于不同时段并未出现明显变化(P＞0.05)，且睾丸组织内MDA含量、生精上皮层次和间质细胞计数在30 d后有所恢复，模型不稳定；每日100 rag/ks体重组死亡率为30.0%，死亡率过高。

Allogeneic and syngeneic fresh bone, autolyzed antigen-extracted bone, bone matrix gelatin, demineralized bone matrix were implanted into the muscle pouch of mice, at different times after implantation, the immunological, histological and alkaline phosphatase assay were conducted. The results revealed that all four kinds of allogeneic implants activated specific cellular and humoral immune responses, most notably in fresh bone group, the AAA, BMG and DBM inhibited the proliferation of the lymphocytes in vitro and BMG had the most powerful inhibiting action, allogeneic AAA, BMG and DBM might induce heterotopic osteogenesis in vivo, however, there were obvious difference in ALP and histomorphometry between allografts and isografts.

在小鼠肌肉内植入同种异体或同系新鲜骨、自消化抗原去除骨、骨基质明胶、脱钙骨基质，术后免疫学、碱性磷酸酶、组织学检查发现：4种同种异体植入物均可引发特异性细胞免疫反应和体液免疫反应，其中以新鲜骨移植引发的免疫反应最为显著；自消化抗原去除骨、骨基质明胶、脱钙骨基质在体外具有抑制淋巴细胞增殖的作用，骨基质明胶对淋巴细胞增殖的抑制作用最显著；同种异体与同系4种植入物在体内成骨活性有显著差异；自消化抗原去除骨、骨基质明胶、脱钙骨基质均有异位诱导成骨活性，其中骨基质明胶骨诱导活性最佳。

The results showed that two of the ball cactuses tested could growth well in solution culture , in which the growth rate was significantly higher than or equal to that in peatmoss culture. Among the four solution culture formulae , formula 4 had the highest biomass increment and uptake of N , P and Kfor Ferocactu horridus. The biomass of Echinopsis calochlora did not differ significantly among the four formulae , but significantly increased higher than medium culture. This study indicated that ball cactuses could grow well in nutrient solution culture.

结果表明：经100 d 种植，供试的仙人球在这4 种营养液配方静置水培中均能正常生长，而且生长速度显著大于基质栽培或与之相当；在4 种营养液配方中，巨鹫玉在完全硝态氮的配方处理中球体质量的增加比基质栽培的快1 倍以上， N、P、K的吸收量也显著高于其它含有铵态氮配方的；而金盛球在所有营养液配方中生长量均显著高于基质栽培，球体质量增长量超过基质栽培的1 倍以上， 4 种配方间无显著差异。

The results showed that changes of content of saturants, aromatics and asphaltenes were similar during the three kinds of aging test, i.e.

结果表明：在三种老化过程中沥青的芳香分含量均显著减少，沥青质的含量均明显增加，饱和分只有少量的挥发衰减；在短期热氧老化和长期光氧老化试验中胶质含量均降低，但在长期热氧老化中胶质含量增加。

Homogenous board: A homogenous board is made on a Fourdrinier machine of one furnish throughout.

均质纸板：全用同一配料在长网造纸机上造成的纸板。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷