均方根

Body weight is used as the basis for standardization to obtain ground reaction force values and impulse values. The original signal of EMG from Rectus femoris, Biceps femoris long head, Tibialis anterior and Gastrocnemius lateral head is processed by DASYLab 6.0 software to band-pass (10-500Hz), full-wave rectification and low-pass filtering (10Hz), after using the formula root mean square to get the root mean RMS value, divided by total gait cycle as the basis for standardization (100%).

肌电讯号由DASYLab 6.0软体分析股直肌、股二头肌、胫骨前肌、腓肠肌等肌群之原始肌电讯号后，进行10-500Hz的band-pass滤波处理，经全波整流上翻、10 Hz低通率波平滑化处理，再利用均方根（root mean square， RMS）公式运算后，可得均方根振幅，并以步态周期中最大肌电值进行标准化处理。

The comparison of the two kinds of pulse width shows that the FWHM pulse width is different from the RMS pulse width for the subcycle hyperbolic secant pulses,and the absolute phase affects the pulse width seriously.

研究结果表明，对于亚周期（半高全宽脉冲宽度小于一个光学振荡周期）双曲正割脉冲，均方根脉冲宽度与半高全宽脉冲宽度有较大的差异，并且绝对相位对均方根脉冲宽度的影响很大。

In this paper,two methods,one singular perturbation and the other directly numerical solution,are used to find the solution of the stiff string of 3lst key and 59th key for a piano tone partials,with the results compared with Ray- leigh and Seeback's by regular persvrcation method and with those from dire- ct obseruation.

本文应用文献[1]结果进一步求出了59号弦的泛音频率，所得结果与实验观测值对比，其绝对误差的均方根和相对误差的均方根都远较Rayleigh-Seeback用正则摄动法算得的小。

It was found that the predicted results of the mathematic model are good when the number of samples is 15 in calibration model and that in validation model is 6 (the total is 21) In that case, the value of the root mean square error of the estimation of calibration and the root mean square error of prediction of validation are very small(0.0115 and 0.0105 respectively) and almost the same.

结果发现，当校正集样品数为15检验集样品数为6（总样品数为21）时，使用外部检验法建立的数学模型预测结果较好，其校正集的均方根误差和检验集的预测均方根误差（分别为RMSEE和RMSEP）均较小（分别为0.0115和0.0105），而且很接近。

In this article, the effect on the surface topography of the same material was analyzed by different processing methods, the value of surface parameter arithmetic mean R, root-mean-square roughness R and gradient root-mean-square value Z were used to appreciate the surface topography, and the data were processed with the software Matlab.

分析不同加工方法对同一种材料表面形貌的影响，采用表面形貌统计参数中的轮廓高度算术平均值R、轮廓高度均方根值R、坡度均方根值Z，对表面形貌进行评价，结果表明，准分子激光加工表面的R、R，和Z，值均比研磨加工表面小。

There was no significant difference of higher order wavefront aberrations between emmetropic and ametropic eyes. Comparing the age of 40 years or less with the age over 40 years, there were significant differences in RMS3 between the two under 7 mm pupil size, and statistical diffenences in RMS6 and RMSh between the two under 4 mm pupil size.

除第2阶像差均方根(RMS2)以外，正视眼及近视眼各阶像差平均RMS值在7 mm与4 mm瞳孔下，差异均无统计学意义。40岁及以下者与40岁以上者相比，在7 mm瞳孔时，两者第3阶像差均方根(RMS3)差异有统计学意义；而在4 mm瞳孔时，两者第6阶像差均方根(RMS6)及高阶像差均方根差异均有统计学意义。

The experiments were carried out to calibrate FDR in the lab and field, and calibration equations were verified by oven-dried method for soil samples obtained by augers. The result showed that good calibrating equations with average RMSE 0.023 m^3/m^3 were fitted in the lab, but they had poor RMSE 0.066 m^3/m^3 when used in the field. Other calibrating equations with average RMSE 0.026 m^3/m^3 were also fitted by indirect field calibration method, and they had good RMSE 0.026 m^3/m^3 when used in the field.

结果表明，室内试验获得了较好的模型参数，均方根误差平均达到了0.023 立方公尺/立方公尺，但是应用到田间条件下误差很大，均方根误差平均为0.066立方公尺/立方公尺；田间条件下也间接获得了较好的模型参数，均方根误差的平均值为0.026立方公尺/立方公尺，应用于田间时测定含水量的精确度较高，均方根误差的平均值为0.026立方公尺/立方公尺。

Finally, in additional to the comparison of results derived by PPP and DGPS, they were all compared to Anping tide gauge records as well. The aim of this study is the analysis of height variations provided by different methodologies. Comparing to Anping tide gauge records, the differences in height variations can achieve 4.5 cm with DGPS; 6 cm with final product; 10 cm with rapid product; 25 cm with ultra-rapid product; 1~2 m with ultra-rapid product.

实验中也搜集了安平潮位站的潮位资料，故也将此资料与GPS浮标高程方向定位成果进行比较，而研究中将著重於高程变化量之分析，假设潮位仪观测海水面高程变化量为参考解，由实验结果可发现差分相对定位椭球高变化量均方根误差之平均值约4.5公分；使用最终产品时椭球高变化量均方根误差之平均值可以达到6公分以内；使用快速产品时椭球高变化量均方根误差之平均值可以达到10公分以内；使用超快速产品观测部分於观测环境理想时椭球高变化量均方根误差之平均值可以达到25公分左右；使用超快速产品预估部分时椭球高变化量均方根误差之平均值约1~2公尺。

In this study, six campaigns around Anping tide gauge, Tainan, were successfully performed and the collected GPS buoy data were processed with four types of precise ephemeris provided by IGS, including final product, rapid product, ultra-rapid product and ultra-rapid product with the use of PPP technique. Comparing the PPP results with DGPS, the differences reach 3~5 cm in the horizontal and 10 cm in the vertical with final product; 6~8 cm in the horizontal and 15 cm in the vertical with rapid product; 15~20 cm in the horizontal and 30~40 cm in the vertical with ultra-rapid product; 2~3 m in the horizontal and 3~4 m in the vertical with ultra-rapid product. In addition, the collected data were also processed by DGPS techniques using different reference stations to analyze the effect of various baselines. The results show that accuracy degrades when the baselines increase.

本研究在台南安平潮位站旁进行6次GPS浮标施测，首先利用与GPS浮标距离不同之GPS参考主站来进行差分定位，分析基线距离对GPS浮标定位成果的影响，由实验结果可得出基线越长则定位准确度越低；再以IGS提供之最终产品、快速产品、超快速产品(Ultra-Rapid product)之观测部分observed half、超快速产品(Ultra-Rapid product)之预估部分四种不同发布延迟时间的精密星历与精密时表改正资料对GPS浮标进行精密单点定位解算，与传统差分相对定位方法定位结果进行比较后，得出使用最终产品之平面方向均方根误差(Root Mean Square Error， RMSE)可达3~5公分，而高程方向均方根误差可达10公分；快速产品之平面方向均方根误差可达6~8公分，而高程方向均方根误差可达15公分；超快速产品观测部分之平面方向均方根误差可达15~20公分，而高程方向均方根误差可达30~40公分；超快速产品预估部分之平面方向均方根误差可达2~3公尺，而高程方向均方根误差可达3~4公尺。

By simulating the natural conditions and building up a database of backscattering coefficient and emissivities using IEM model, it is found that when ratio of rms height and correlation length is in some certain range, the ratio of backscattering coefficient to reflectivity is linear or polynomial with surface roughness.

分析所建立的数据库后，得出在0.2＜均方根高度＜1.7，均方根坡度＜0.2和2.0＜均方根高度＜4.0，0.2＜均方根坡度＜0.4两种情况下后向散射系数与反射率之比与土中国科学院遥感应用研究所博卜学位论文壤粗糙度的关系。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。