均方值

The observational and calculated results are well matched. The calculated mean diameter, mean square-root diameter, mean cube -root diameter and liquid water content are all well matched with the observational results; In the paper two examples have been analyzed by using the seeding region data and the possible affecting region data in leeward region. It is found that F-100, 2dc, and 2dp's particle concentrations increase in leeward region, but rising extent is different, which is likely to be due to difference of seeding effect time.

拟合值和观测值吻合的较好，计算出的平均直径、均方根直径、均立方根直径和粒子浓度与观测值也比较吻合；本文对两组个例的催化影响区域及可能采集到相应值的下风方区域进行了分析，催化下风向影响区的F-100、2DC、2DP的粒子浓度比背景值都有所增加，但是增加的幅度不同，应该是催化响应时间的原因。

The result shows that, compared with the plate with uniform thickness under the same condition, the maximum deflection of the simply supported square plate decreases by 44.66%, and the maximum deflection of the fixed square plate decreases by 75.63%.

结果表明，与同条件下的均厚度板相比，受均布横向荷载作用的四边简支方板最大挠度值降低了44.66%，四边固支方板最大挠度值降低了75.63%。

In the study on the relationship between different grid sizes and variogram of the pupae, the variation in the range, the intensity of local spatial continuity and the sill was very low or non-existent when the grid size was 5m, 6m or 7m, the value of the decisive coefficient was more bigger when the grid size was 5m, so, it is ideal grid size.

对不同样方大小的变异曲线图进行比较得知：样方边长分别为5、6、7m时，变程、空间局部连续性强度和基台值的变化幅度均很小，几乎相等，而样方边长为5m时的决定系数较大，此样方为最适样方大小。

In chapterⅡ, considering GLMMs data which the number of high units is different and the number of low units is small and unbalanced, we Conduct a series of simulations, the simulations show that regardless of the number of the level 2 units,the Bayesian estimate of random effects residual variance is more precise than PQL and the PQL estimation deviates from the true value seriously; In terms of the fixed effects estimates, When the number of level 2 units is 20, The mean and median of the Bayesian estimate is more precise than PQL,But With the number of level 2 units increase,the estimate of two methods is similar. Thus, in practical applications, we recommend the use of Bayesian method.

第二章针对不同高水平单位数，低水平数较小且不平衡的GLMMs数据，进行模拟研究，研究表明：无论水平2单位数的大小，贝叶斯方法随机效应残差方差估计值远比PQL法更接近真实值，PQL法严重偏离了真实值；而对固定效应参数估计值，当水平2单位数为20时，贝叶斯法各参数的均数和中位数均要较PQL法更接近真实值，而随着水平2单位数的增加，两种方法在估计固定效应参数时相差并不大，因而，在实际应用中，推荐采用贝叶斯法。

In this method, the decision-making variables of GA are the unknown quantities of the non-linear equations, the target function for optimization is the minimum of the root-mean-square error between the computational value on the left and the real value on the right in equations, and the initial value is generated randomly in the feasible fields of the decision-making variables.

该算法以非线性方程组的待求量为决策变量，方程组两端向量的均方差最小值为目标函数，初值在决策变量可行域内随机产生。

In the study of the stochastic chaos in simple pendulum, the random Melnikov process is derived and the mean-square criterion is used to determine the threshold amplitude of the bounded noise excitation for the onset of the chaos or random chaos in the system. For the coupled simple pendulum and harmonic oscillator, the Melnikov function is used to determine the condition for the onset of chaos in the case of Hamiltonian perturbations. In the case of non-Hamiltonian perturbation, the generalized random Melnikov process and mean-square criterion are used to determine the threshold amplitude of the bounded noise for the onset of random chaos.

在随机混沌研究中，应用随机Melnikov过程的均方准则研究了单摆在有界噪声激励下发生混沌或随机混沌时有界噪声激励的临界幅值；对于耦合的单摆-谐振子系统，先用Melnikov函数研究了在哈密顿扰动下发生混沌的必要条件；然后用推广的随机Melnikov过程方法研究了在非哈密顿扰动下发生随机混沌的必要条件；用最大Lyapunov指数及Poincaré截面方法结果与上述理论结果作了对比。

Results compared with model control group,dongbao gantai group, the level of body weight,liver index, tc ,tg, alt,ast in serum in tiaozhi hugan decoction group were lower significantly .the level of hld-c was higher.,the level of mda in tiaozhi hugan decoction was lower significantly, the level of sod was higher significantly（in all group p＜0.01）conclusion it suggests that the pharmacodynamics mechanisms of tiaozhi hugan decoction to fatty liver induced by high fatty diet are lowering body weight and liver index, adjusting lipometabolism, improving liver function and having anti-lipid peroxidation effects.

结果 与病理模型组、东宝甘泰组比较调脂护肝方组大鼠体重、肝指数血清tc值、tg值均降低，hld-c值增高，血清alt、ast、mda值均较低，sod值较高（各组比较p.01）。结论调脂护肝方干预非酒精性脂肪肝的药效机制为：降低体重与肝指数，调整脂质代谢，改善肝功能，抗脂质过氧化。

Based on this idea,a new method of no-reference objectively assessing image quality is presented.The DCT coefficients of the ac component can be approximated as a Laplacian distribution.

假设图像的DCT系数是Laplacian分布，首先根据JPEG图像的DCT系数估计出图压缩前的DCT系数分布参数，并由此估算出图像压缩前、后DCT系数的均方误差值。

The results also show that no plugging occur in a core when the mid-value of pore radius is over 5 times of the gyration-radius of molecules in the polymer solution.

岩心孔隙半径中值与聚合物分子在水溶液中的均方回旋半径比大于5时不会发生油层堵塞。

Usually, the mean covariance between original and filtered data was used to evaluate the power of NR.

以前，人们常用除噪前后的数据值之间的均方差来评价数据除噪的效果。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。