均化

To investigate whether the expression of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in spermatogenic cells during spermatogenesis is actually a temperature dependent event, in situ hybridization, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to study the expression of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in normal and cryptorchid testis. Results showed that heat would differentially hurt male germ cells in different developmental stages during spermatogenesis, especially the pachytene primary spermatocytes. Most of spermatogonia in contralateral cryptorchid testis were not harmed fatally by heat as yet, indicating that spermatogonia could resist to beat to a certain extent. In this case spermatogonia could develop to pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes, but they could not acquire the ability to complete the transition from mitosis to meiosis, and then appeared to go through apoptosis. Therefore, we could not find the descendants of meiosis: secondary spermatocytes and round spermatids, elongated spermatids and spermatozoon. The abdominal temperature had no significant influence on the transcription of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in the spermatogonia and pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes. In normal rabbit testis, cyclin B1 increased in the pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes before meiosis and reached its peak in the spermatids.

为了解精子正常发生过程中cdc2和cyclin B1表达的低温依赖性，我们利用原位杂交和免疫组化等方法，研究了正常和隐睾精子发生过程中cdc2和cyclin B1的转录和翻译调控活动，结果表明：（1）热对各阶段的雄性生殖细胞都有损害，粗线期的初级精母细胞尤为敏感，实验性隐睾内的精原细胞尚未完全受到"致命"影响，说明精原细胞对热有一定的耐受性，但即使成为粗线期／双线期初级精母细胞，却未能获得由有丝分裂过渡到减数分裂的能力，呈现不同程度的凋亡，所以在整个切片中找不到源自减数分裂的产物----次级精母细胞、圆形精子细胞，更谈不上长形精子细胞和精子的形成；（2）腹腔高温未明显地影响隐睾精原细胞和粗线期/双线期初级精母细胞中cyclinB1和cdc2的转录，说明高温并不是通过影响cyclin B1和cdc2的转录活动而导致生精过程阻断的；（3）正常兔睾丸组织中，〓在精原细胞和粗线期／双线期精母细胞中均有表达：cyclin B1蛋白在减数分裂前期的粗线期／双线期初级精母细胞中的表达量增加，于变态末期的精子细胞中达高峰。

Moreover, the pre-treatment and post-treatment processes for the steel sheet subject to continuous zinc plating were also discussed. Results showed that the alkaline zincate plating process had many advantages over conventional alkaline cyanide zinc plating process, including high current efficiency, good throwing power, and strung adhesion strength of the coating.

结果表明，该工艺电流效率高（锌离子含量16~24g/L时，电流效率可提高约20%，镀液均镀能力好（宽度为1m的镀锌薄板，中心点厚度与边缘厚度差不大于10%，镀层结合力优良（将试片180°任意弯曲，镀层无起皮、剥落现象；在烘箱中加热至180-200℃，保温60min，冷水中急剧冷却，镀层无突起、鼓泡、剥落现象），所镀得的镀锌薄钢板适合于钝化和彩涂等后处理。

The quality of interior environment in nursing home residents will become one of the attention-getting subjects due to the gradual increase of aging populations This paper directs at the research of nursing home's interior environment factors in Tainan We use the standard of international practice to analyze the intrinsical data of environmental monitoring and establish the characteristics which from environmental physical reaction of nursing home The research items are air environments (PM10 CO CO2 formaldehyde TVOC) temperate environments and light environment (illumination average brightness daylight factor) etc There are the inductive conclusions of this research: 1 In basic medicine the clinical diagnosis means the theory and technique about physical examination with patients The definition of clinical diagnosis in architecture should be the diagnosis of building preserve and improve the feasible way to extend building's service life and assure the residents of the healthy quality of interior environment The object of clinical diagnosis in architecture is not only to ensure the use of structure and environment quality but also keep the structure and environment quality in sustainable; therefore creating an efficient system of preserving plan is needed 2 It is an accurate and technical circumstance which about improving remedying and reconstructing the problems of structure space This circumstance includes finding questions ensuring causation ascertaining ultimate strength evaluating environment quality estimating the necessary of restoration and implementing on a suitable way Furthermore when reconstructing and ameliorating the appearance of structure space it should be respected and the memories of it should be preserved 3 In clinical diagnosis of environment quality of space the question of physical environment and the deficiencies of structure must be separated The structure space of construction and the high quality of space should be inspected strictly then observed the crucial reason that can find out any invisible and hidden causes The diagnosis of construction is to observe the reason of destroyed structure The environmental diagnosis of indoor and outdoor is to find out the crucial reason that influences health 4 In order to decrease the iterant problems the construction and environment of space should be diagnosed However the destruction by natural strength and artificial using by human are important causes that can affect the service life of construction Searching the cause of disease just like curing the patient which includes inspection diagnosis cure and prevention We tested the thermal conductivity of siding material in this research and then found out the roof east vertical face and west vertical face have most radiant heat especially the construction of RC The characteristics of opaquely outer casing have relations with the thermal conductivity of wall to wiz the ability of heat insulation Therefore increasing the efficiency of heat insulation and decreasing the endoergic factor of insolation are very important to temperate environments

而随著国内老年人人口逐渐增加，逐渐迈向高龄化之同时，对於高龄者使用空间之室内环境品质相关议题之探讨，亦成为未来我们需加以关注之议题之一。主要为针对台南某安养中心室内环境因子进行检测调查工作，利用现场室内环境测定以取得有效的实测数据；再藉由汇整相关国际评估基准，并进行实测数据比对分析，建立老人安养中心对物理环境反应之特性。并以前期相关研究文献回顾与老人安养中心实测案例现场的实验，来了解不同空间物理环境特性之影响，并将结果回馈实际建筑及室内设计之用。调查工作项目包含：空气环境之PM10、CO、CO2、甲醛、TVOC；温热环境之室内温度、相对湿度、人体PMV、PPD；光环境之照度、均齐度、昼光率等因子调查。本研究结果可归纳以下几点结论： 1 所谓临床诊断医学乃相对於基础医学而言，是指实际与病人接触的医疗及护理行为中牵涉到的理论和技术；而建筑的临床诊断的定义应为建筑本体与室内外诊断、维护及改善所有可行的方式来延长建筑物的寿命，并确保人与室内环境空间品质的健康。建筑临床诊断目的为确保结构体与环境品质能继续使用，而能维持所需要的效能及承受能力。一个有效的维护计画体系是必须建立的 2 在建筑空间之问题改善、治疗与修复执行中，是一个精确与技术性的事项，其中包含找出问题、确定原因、评估结构应力强度、评估环境品质、评估修复与改善必要性、选择及执行一个适当的过程。其改善与修复也必须尊重建筑空间原有色彩与形貌，并保留原有记忆及文化。 3 在临床诊断中空间环境品质中，物理性环境问题与结构构件缺陷必须分别判断，诊断建筑空间之结构与空间舒适品质必须详细观察其症结性问题，才能发现任何隐藏及有潜伏性缺陷的原因。建筑本体诊断是观察出建筑本体之破坏原因，而是内外空间环境诊断目的在於的找出影响健康因素之症结性问题。 4 建筑本体与空间环境之预防评估目的为降低与抑制问题的再发生。然而，自然力的破坏与人为使用因素皆是影响建筑生命期之主要因素，找出病源问题就如同医生对病人的处理，包含了侦查、诊断、治疗以及预防。 5 本研究以外墙材料热传导率测试结果发现，屋面与东西向立面是承受辐射热最多的地方，尤以 RC 的建筑更甚，不透明部分的外壳能特性主要与壁体的热传透率即隔热能力有关，但是承受来自日射的吸热影响，因此增加隔热性能与降低日射吸热因子是对温热环境是非常重要的。

In these two problems,the job processing time is a linear decreasing function of its starting time,the objective is to minimize the total completion time .

在这两个问题中，工件加工时间均为开工时间的线性递减函数，目标函数为极小化总完工时间。

A series of novel dendrons with 1,3,5-triazine structure were synthesized by convergent strategy using cyanuric chloride, p-hydroxyazobenzene,β-naphthol, 1-hydroxyanthraquinone, 3,5-dihydroxybenzyl. They were the first generation p-phenyl-azo-phenyloxy-terminated dendron G1.0, the first generation naphthyloxy-terminated dendron G1.0, the first generation naphthyloxy-terminated and 1-anthraquinonoxy-cored dendron G, and the second generation naphthyloxy-terminated dendron G2.0.

以对羟基偶氮苯、β-萘酚为端基，三聚氯氰、3，5-二羟基苄醇为支化单体，1-羟基蒽醌为核心，用收敛法合成了一系列新型结构的含均三嗪环的树枝块：第一代端基为偶氮苯的树枝块G1.0、端基为萘氧基的树枝块G1.0、端基为萘氧基、中心为蒽醌的树枝块G、第二代端基为萘氧基的树枝块G2.0。

A total of one hundred fifty three healthy male and female adults were entered into a six month,doubleblind clinical study designed to evaluate the effect of a dentifrice containing 0.3% triclosan and 2.0% PVM/MA copolymer in a 0.243% sodium fluoride/silica base, relative to a 0.243% sodium fluoride silica base control dentifrice on supragingival plaque accumulation and gingivitis.

本研究的目的是证实含0.3％三氯羟苯醚，2.0％PVM／MA及0.243％氟化钠以二氧化硅磨料牙膏在减少菌斑积聚和牙龈炎形成方面对中国成年人群的效果。153名健康男女分为实验组及对照组，用双盲法评价6月后临床效果。采用纳入和排除的评价标准后进行了基线检查，实验对象每日使用分配的牙膏和软毛牙刷早晚刷牙一次，3个月和6个月再次检查。检查结果表明，使用含有三氯羟苯醚－共聚体牙膏组与使用不含该成分的对照组相比，实验对象的牙菌斑、牙龈炎指数分别减少16.1％及24.3％，均有统计学显著性意义（P＜0.001）。

E The results of LECO TC-436 Oxygen/Nitrogen Determinator show that there is a little oxygen in the nitrided samples.

D试样的粒度较大和高温加热时间比较短的情况下，渗氮试样中均有未发生氮化的金属锰残余。

They give accurate energies andoverlappings compared with the results of exact diagonalization in both field-free andmagnetic field conditions.

与精确对角化的结果相比较，试探波函数在无磁场和有磁场的情况下均能给出准确的能级，并且二者的波函数接近重合。

It has unique substrate specificity, and required minimal sugar chain in the degradation direction and synthesis direction of trisaccharide and disaccharide separately.

该酶具有独特的底物特异性，其降解方向和合成方向所需的最小糖链长度分别为三糖和二糖，均比普通的葡聚糖磷酸化酶少一个糖基以上。

All aerobic organisms can produce 〓,which can become 〓 by disproportionation reaction and more reactive 〓 byFenton reaction.

所有的需氧生物体内均可产生〓，在体内可经进一步的岐化反应生成〓及经Fenton反应生成反应活性更高的〓。

Recall that, in the Kolmogorov axiomatization, measurable sets are the sets which have a probability or, in other words, the sets corresponding to yes/no questions that have a probabilistic answer.

延期开工的Kolmogorov宣布要衡量所有套职能有限许多坐标限制在于衡量子寅。换句话说，如果是/否的问题回答f可看的价值观念在许多最有限坐标，然后它有一个概率的答案。

The experimental results showed that the algorithm can filter singular points and remain fixity of the target edge.

实验表明：基于模糊理论的图像智能滤波方法比常规图像滤波方法运算量小，它既能去除奇异点，又能保持图像中目标的边缘不变性，具有很好的滤波效果。