场强度

First, UWPBL model(The University of Washington Planetary Boundary Layer Model) is used to retrieve typhoon's sea level pressure from sea surface winds data of SeaWinds which aboard on QuikSCAT and these strength results are analyzed. Then the variational method is applied to decompose the sea surface winds field into two parts: the vortex and irrotational environmental flow field, the UWPBL model is used again to retrieve ShanShan and YaGi typhoons' sea level pressure from the vortex flow field, the results of typhoon's central positions are analyzed by comparing the results with the results of direct retrieving, NCEP's data and typhoon annual reports. It turns out that the accuracy of the typhoon's sea level pressure central position has been obviously improved, This method offers a new idea for the study of typhoon from microwave scatterometer data.

本文首先利用QuikSCAT散射计获取的海面风场资料，利用华盛顿大学行星边界层模式对台风海平面气压场进行反演，并对其强度进行了分析；然后对获取的海面风场，采用变分方法对风场进行分解，分解出无旋和有旋风场，对分解出的有旋风场，再利用UWPBL模式对珊珊和魔羯台风的海平面气压场进行了反演，对所得结果与通常直接反演、NCEP海平面气压场及台风报文资料进行一一对比，结果表明：新的反演定位的方法对台风海平面气压场中心气压的定位精度有了大幅度的提高，此种定位的方法为散射计资料在台风中的实际应用开辟了一条新的思路。

The analysis indicates that the mean intensity distribution on the receiver plane is closely related to the ratio of the lateral correlation length to the surface root mean square height.

研究了粗糙目标对相干光场的散射，导出了在接收平面上光场的自相关函数、光强度的分布和光强度的二阶矩，在分析粗糙目标对激光脉冲后向散射的基础上，提出了后向散射光强度与目标均方根高度和相关长度的关系，阐明了粗糙目标的后向散射机理。

First, in order to verify the correct of this retrieval month, by using the data of three-dimensional wind field, raininess field and temperature field that are output by MM5 numerical simulation, we climate the radial velocity field and echo intention field in the in-phase observation area of Dual-Doppler radar, then, on the base of the upwards retrieval theory and using the radial velocity field and echo intention field in the in-phase observation area of Dual-Doppler radar, we retrieve the atmospheric three-dimensional wind field.

首先，为检验此种反演方法的可靠性，我们使用MM5数值模式输出的三维风场、雨强场、温度场等数据，分别模拟生成两部雷达同步观测区的径向速度场和回波强度场，然后根据以上的反演理论利用模拟的双多普勒天气雷达观测到的径向速度场和回波强度场反演出大气三维风场。

At the same time, with the rapid development of the ultrashort-laser-pulse technology, the focusable intensity of 10〓W/cm〓 can be realized on a compact table-top laser system, which can support the electric field that is much higher than that in H atom.

同时，随着超短超强激光技术的飞速发展，目前在小型化台式激光系统上，可聚焦功率密度已经达到了～10〓W/cm〓的量级，在这种功率密度下，激光场强度已经远远超过氢原子的内部库仑场强，激光与物质的相互作用已经进入极端非线性的领域。

Shim current calculation When shim coils are excited by appropriate current, they can generate correcting magnetic field to compensate the imaging magnetic field unhomogeneity. Based on the indirect calculation method, we proposed a novel iterative optimization algorithm to calculate shim current. Because there is a direct proportion relationship between FID signal and magnetic field homogeneity, we use the intensity of FID signal as feedback information to the calculation. Shim current can be worked out in less than 3 minutes. This satisfied the requirement that active shimming should be performed in real time.

5匀场电流计算对匀场线圈施加适当的电流后才能产生校正磁场消除成像磁场的非均匀分量，本文在匀场电流间接计算方法的基础上，利用磁共振成像原理中磁场均匀性与系统FID信号强度成正比的关系提出了一种电流迭代优化算法，将系统FID信号强度的变化作为反馈信息，能够快速计算出匀场电流对成像磁场进行补偿校正，平均耗时不到三分钟，满足磁共振成像系统对有源匀场的实时性要求。

Shim current calculationWhen shim coils are excited by appropriate current, they can generate correcting magnetic field to compensate the imaging magnetic field unhomogeneity. Based on the indirect calculation method, we proposed a novel iterative optimization algorithm to calculate shim current. Because there is a direct proportion relationship between FID signal and magnetic field homogeneity, we use the intensity of FID signal as feedback information to the calculation. Shim current can be worked out in less than 3 minutes. This satisfied the requirement that active shimming should be performed in real time.

5匀场电流计算对匀场线圈施加适当的电流后才能产生校正磁场消除成像磁场的非均匀分量，本文在匀场电流间接计算方法的基础上，利用磁共振成像原理中磁场均匀性与系统FID信号强度成正比的关系提出了一种电流迭代优化算法，将系统FID信号强度的变化作为反馈信息，能够快速计算出匀场电流对成像磁场进行补偿校正，平均耗时不到三分钟，满足磁共振成像系统对有源匀场的实时性要求。

In the storm when the ground current field strength of large, and sometimes can cause a temporary interruption of communication.

在磁暴时大地电流场强度很大，有时可以引起通讯暂时中断。

The intensity of flow in the re-entrant type combustion chamber is stronger than that in the Maxican-hat geometry combustion chamber.

缩口燃烧室的缸内流场强度要强于直口燃烧室，进而导致缩口燃烧室的油气混合和燃烧性能要优于直口燃烧室。

The main research tasks and results are as follows:(1) Through comparing the stress intensity factor of compact tension specimen calculated by finite element software with the theoretical value, the feasibility of calculating fracture parameters of crack tip in ABAQUS software was verified.(2) The relationship between the elastic modulus of the material and research scale was studied based on deriving the cohesive stress theory and other relevant theories. And the elastic modulus of the material on meso-scale was determined.(3) Global model and sub-model of the finite element were built in th...e macro-scale, and stress-strain field nearby the crack tip was analyzed, and the results show that the detailed stress-strain in the crack tip could be obtained by using the sub-model technique.(4) In meso-scale, the crack growth model was also established by assuming the crack propagating along the grain boundary, and the detailed stress-strain field in the crack tip was obtained.(5) The effect of crack length on Von Mises stress, and maximum principal stress and strain was analyzed in meso-scale when equivalent KI equals 30MPa.m1/2. And the results show that except for crack tip area, the stress-strain distribution in whole specimen is not affected.

主要完成研究内容和取得成果如下：(1)利用有限元软件计算出紧凑拉伸试样的裂纹尖端应力强度因子KI值，其结果与理论值一致，从而验证了利用ABAQUS计算裂纹尖端相关断裂参量的可行性；(2)在研究内聚应力等相关理论的基础上，推导出了研究尺度与材料弹性模量的近似关系，并确定了介观尺度上的弹性模量；(3)在宏观尺度上建立了全局有限元计算模型和子模型，得到了裂纹尖端应力应变场分布，结果表明利用子模型技术获得比较准确的裂纹尖端应力应变场分布是可行的；(4)在介观尺度上利用平均晶粒尺度的方式建立了裂纹沿晶扩展模型，得到了裂纹尖端断裂过程区的微观应力应变场；(5)当应力强度因子为30MPa.m1/2时，分析了介观尺度上在裂纹沿晶扩展过程中裂纹长度对Mises应力、最大主应力和应变的影响，结果表明，裂纹扩展长度对试样整体应力应变分布影响不大，而对裂纹尖端区域有较大影响；(6)介。。。

The Laguerre-Gaussian modes and linear polarization modes were applied for determining mode intensity distribution. The temperature effect on the mode spot size was evaluated.

我们推导Laguerre-Gaussian 模及线性偏振模的光场强度於空间位置上的分布，并分析温度对横模光点尺寸的影响。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。