地面

Through analysis of potential vorticity in isobaric surface field, in high-troposphere a positive potential vorticity disturbance before rainstorm generation;positive potential vorticity disturbance in high-troposphere downward, form one vertical disturbance column, now corresponding precipitation develop stage;When near ground arises negative potential vorticity disturbance, precipitation also weaken.

通过对等压面的位涡分析，发现在暴雨发生发展时，在对流层高层有正位涡向下扰动，在暴雨的发展鼎盛阶段，从对流层中高层到地面形成一个垂直扰动柱；位涡柱对地面气旋的发展有较好的指示性，位涡柱形成时刻前后降水达到最强；当近地面出现负的位涡扰动时，降水随之减弱。

Among the snake predators, Taiwan tree snake, Taiwan kukri snake and Pointed- scaled pitviper were responsible for most predation events. While the shrub nests were more susceptible to birds and Formosan Macaque, the ground nests were often predated by the ground-dwelling Crabeating mongoose and Formosan gemfaced civet.

与地面巢(71.4%)的共同主要掠食者，又以大头蛇、赤背松柏根与龟壳花最为常见；灌丛巢的次要掠食者为鸟类与台湾猕猴，地面巢则是须面对食蟹獴与白鼻心等在地面活动的哺乳类天敌。

The principles are as follows:①preliminary interpretation is carried out on crosswell seismic data in depth domain to establish an accurate velocity model;②sinc interpolating function is used in depth-time conversion to realize waveform fidelity;③the recognition of surface seismic data is utilized to ascertain the reflection characteristics of crosswell seismic data in time domain;④ good spatial continuity of surface seismic data is adopted to retrieve the "hopper" defect in crosswell seismic profiles and the deficiency of lateral contrast between crosswell seismic data;⑤in fine calibration of well-side traces of crosswells and surface seismic data, coincident time-depth relation is used to match two seismic data so as to make the calibration more reasonable;⑥in multi-crosswell seismic data inversion by sparse spike inversion method, lateral restraints are strengthened to ensure the continuity of inversed wave impedance profile.

实现反演的基本原理是：对深度域井间地震资料进行初步解释；建立精确的速度模型；在对井间地震剖面进行深时转换时采用sinc插值函数实现波形保真；利用对地面地震资料的认识来落实时间域井间地震资料的反射特征；利用地面地震资料良好的空间连续性弥补井间地震剖面的"漏斗"缺陷和井间资料之间横向对比性的不足；在井间地震和地面地震井旁道精细标定中，通过一致的时深关系来实现两种地震资料之间的匹配，使井旁道的标定更加合理；在利用稀疏脉冲反演方法进行连井井间地震资料反演时，通过增强横向约束保证反演波阻抗剖面的连续性。

It indicates that emphasis should be put on the following subjects in the future: the determination of field infiltration coefficient and roughness coefficient;the optimal combination of field standard and irrigation technical index ,and the rational ground levelness degree and mode.

对近10多年来地面灌溉水流运动数值模拟方面的国内外研究进展进行了归类整理，并就目前研究中存在的不足和未来急待深入研究的问题进行了探讨，认为在今后的研究中应把地面灌溉入渗参数和糙率的确定问题，不同地区和作物条件下合理的田块尺寸与灌水要素的优化组合研究及经济合理的田间土地平整度及平地模式的研究，长畦分段灌、阶式水平畦灌、覆膜灌溉条件下的水流运动和合理灌水技术指标的研究，浑水灌溉和土壤气阻对地面灌溉水流运动的影响机理研究等作为重点内容。

The complicated urban land-use types were summarized as the pervious and impervious area s in this paper.

本文将复杂的城市土地利用类型概化为不透水地面和透水地面，较系统地分析了城市不透水地面和透水地面的径流特性及其数学模型。

There are three kinds of observation data: remote sensing observation data, radiosonde report and surface observation data.

目前，中尺度数值模式中用到的观测资料包括：遥感观测资料以及常规探空和地面观测(地面观测站与地面自动站)资料等。

Plastic ground material: rubber ground material, PVC ground material, shapen stone ground material, the plastic ground floor parts for engineering or special use , consumable and blanket technology, pad, mould, installation tools, cleaning equipment, adhesives, decorative items, design and printing of ground materials, decoration and furnish project, design services.

塑料地面材料：橡胶地材、 PVC 地材、石塑地材及工程用或特种用途塑料地铺地面材料配件、耗材及铺盖技术、衬垫、模具、安装工具、清洁设备、粘合剂、装饰用品、地面材料的图案设计及印制、家装装饰装修工程、设计服务等。

Use:all kinds of floor such as the resilient floor,epoxy floor,marble,granite,terrazzo.

适用于：各种地面，如：弹性地板、环氧地面、水泥地面、水磨石表面、大理石表面、地砖表面等。

Terramechanics concerns studies on the interaction between vehicles and rough terrain in off-road locomotion. The main topics include prediction of vehicle mobility performance, optimum design of mobility systems and soil trafficability evaluation.

地面力学是研究越野行驶中机器与地面相互作用的一门力学学科，包括对机器通过性的预测和评价，行走机构的优化设计以及对地面可行驶性的预测判断等几个方面。

The quantity computed is the expected clutter power at the output of any specified range gate by the method of integrating reflected energy between constant Doppler loci in range-gate circles with a model of sum and difference antenna gain pattern for APAR. Base on the analyzing of APAR terrain clutter spectrum, Rayleigh, Correlated Log-Normal and Weibull distribution terrain clutter of APAR general pulse signal was simulated with the method of zero memory nolinearity transform.④The Doppler frequency of target echo is simulated on video frequency in this dissertation.

该软件采用了用C语言建立框架结构，而在程序高重复部分和有运算速度要求的地方，用汇编语言编写具有高并行能力程序的方法，不仅满足了系统高运算速度和实时性的要求，也使得软件系统结构模块化，代码具有良好的维护性和重用性；③对机载相控阵雷达HPRF、MPRF的和、差通道地面杂波功率谱进行了较为全面的研究，通过建立由四个子波束构成的机载相控阵雷达杂波和差波束天线方向图数学模型，选取体现高度线杂波的修正的地面后向散射模型，以载机平飞为例，采用沿距离门——等多普勒线区域积分的方法，得到了杂波功率谱，并利用零记忆非线性变换法实现了机载相控阵雷达常规脉冲情况下瑞利分布、对数正态分布和韦布尔分布地面杂波的模拟；④提出了采用在视频上对目标回波的多普勒频率进行模拟的方法。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。