地震活动

The cumulative frequency of earthquakes within the past 4 seismic cycles in Mainland China increased exponentially and the main active areas of strong shocks were different for different cycles, which is exactly simulated in the model developed in this thesis.

分析人工地震目录并将所得结果与中国大陆地区本世纪以来经历的四个地震活动轮回对比，发现在地震活跃期中，地震频次呈现指数型累积增长，各活跃期中主体活动地区具有迁移特征。

In this paper, the author records followed, in February 1996 the capacity of 3 to 7 day and night and seismic November 9, 1996 Health and Activity 160 kilometers before and after the 6.1 earthquake, meteorological cloud anomalies of the whole process of change , and 2-4 days in advance of earthquake prediction and the magnitude of the region; the earthquake in China's Xinjiang, Tibet, earthquake, earthquake in Yunnan Province, four Kawasaki Wenchuan 8 earthquake, the Taiwan earthquake, Iran earthquakes, the earthquake in Pakistan, Afghanistan, earthquake, earthquake in Indonesia and Japan earthquake happened before and after the anomaly caused by meteorological satellite cloud images and the different characteristics of the atmospheric circulation anomalies; describes the November 4, 1952 Kamchatka 8.5 earthquake and November 6, 1958 Kuril Islands 8.2 earthquake in 1960, May 21 Day 2 after 7.9 earthquake occurred in Chile and 8.5 earthquakes, August 25, 1933 North Sichuan Timor-mao Diego River and the 7.5 earthquake in 1976 in Tangshan, Hebei 7.8 earthquake happened before and after the abnormal atmospheric circulation features; analyzed, drought in our country large floods, heavy rain and local in 2008 China's 21 provinces in spring Serious frozen snow disasters, which occurred due to seismic activity.

本文介绍了笔者跟踪观察记录的，1996年2月3日云南丽江7级地震和1996年11月9日上海东160公里6.1级地震发生前后，气象卫星云图异常特征变化的全过程，并提前2—4天预测出地震发生区域和震级；阐述了我国新疆地震、西藏地震、云南地震、四川汶川8级大地震、台湾地震、伊朗地震、巴基斯坦地震、阿富汗地震、印尼地震和日本地震，发生前后引起气象卫星云图异常变化的不同特征和异常的大气环流；描述了1952年11月4日堪察加8.5级地震和1958年11月6日千岛群岛8.2级地震，1960年5月21日后24日智利发生7.9级地震和8.5级地震，1933年8月25日四川茂汶北迭溪7.5级地震和1976年河北唐山7.8级地震，发生前后大气环流出现异常的特征；分析研究了，我国大旱大涝、局部大暴雨和2008年春季我国21个省发生严重冰冻雨雪灾害，发生的原因是地震活动。

According to the definite relation of seismic motion weaken and the earthquake belt, seismicity parameter of the latent epicenter area, we applied the probability method to calculate the peak acceleration of bedrock in level of different probability level for field site.

利用地震危险性概率分析方法对大型一等工程－某大型水利枢纽工程所在的场址进行地震危险性分析；该拟建工程场址所在的西昆仑地震带是新疆境内地震活动强度最高、频度最大的地震带，拟建工程坝高库大，为了进行准确的地震危险性分析研究，本研究根据区域地震活动性及地震构造研究成果，确定了地震活动性参数，按照构造类比、历史地震重演原则划分了潜在震源区；在分析了区域地震活动环境和地震构造等因素后，综合评价其对场地地震危险性的影响；根据确定的地震动衰减关系及地震带、潜在震源区的地震活动性参数，应用概率方法计算得出了场地不同概率水平的水平向基岩峰值加速度。

By means of different subjects and te chniques,the paper makes an overall study on the crustal stability of Beihuaiyang region and its adjace nt areas from the aspects of current t ectonic stress fields,principal fa ult structures,analysis of regional fa ults and neotectonic activity,seis mic activity and numerical modeling,etc.

运用多学科、多技术相结合的研究方法，从现今构造应力场特征、现代地壳形变特征、主干断裂构造以及区域断裂活动性分析、新构造运动、地震活动、数值模拟等方面入手，对北淮阳及其邻接区地壳稳定性进行了全面而系统的研究，指出本区地震活动受走滑活动断裂控制，中、强地震集中于区内东南部和西北部NW向与NE向断裂交汇处；第四纪无大规模差异升降运动；数值模拟等综合分析表明，信阳地区的区域构造稳定性高，现代地壳形变量小，应力平缓，地震活动少且弱。

Based on systematic analysis, nine seismometry parameters that response earthquakes well in North China are selected, which are seismic frequency, seismicity scale, mf-value, b-value, D-value,η-value, seismicity intensity entropy and seismicity time entropy. Using synthetic anomaly index method, we calculated their seismic anomaly index values separately and synthesized these values into a chronogenesis curve. After studying its short-term anomaly characteristics to earthquakes, the criterion index for M≥5.8 earthquakes in North China is obtained. The R-value test indicts that it has good prediction effect.

在系统分析并筛选出华北地区地震频度、地震活动标度、mf值、调制比、b值、D值、η值、地震活动强度熵和地震活动时间熵等映震较好的9项测震学参数基础上，应用综合异常指数方法，分别计算了它们各自的地震异常指数时序值，进而合成得到华北地区测震学综合异常指数时序曲线，通过研究其地震短期异常特征，给出了华北地区M≥5.8地震短期综合预测的判据指标，经R值评分检验表明，该指标具有较好的地震预测效能。

First, some seismotectonic belts in southeast and northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau which have similar geodynamic background are selected.

本文从地震地质学角度出发，充分利用地震学和岩石力学等学科中的相关研究理论和方法，将地震活动与具体的地震构造相结合，探讨了包含多个孕震区或断裂带的大陆板内地区的地震复发规律，提出了大陆板内地震的准周期丛集复发模式，并系统、全面的研究和讨论了不同断裂之间的相互作用及其对活动断裂地震危险性的影响，从机理上揭示了大陆板内地震准周期丛集复发行为的内在物理基础。

Based on manifold materials of geophysical fetid, regional tectonics, surface activefaults, seismic activities and so on, we differentiated the seismotectonic belts in Chinamainland, and meanwhile, analyzed their active features and seismogenic tectonic conditions.

本文依据深部地球物理场、区域大地构造、地表活动断裂、地震活动等，划分了中国大陆的地震构造带，同时分析了地震构造带的活动特征和孕震构造条件。

Secondly, modeling the uncertainties of theb value, the annual occurrence ratev and the upper bound magnitude M uusing convex set models, a convex set-based seismic hazrd analysis approach is developed by integrating the convex theory with the probabilistic based CPSHA (China Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis) theory. By the example of seismic hazard analysis of a city in southern China, this method is demonstrated with a sensitivity analysis.

然后，采用包络界限凸集模型和椭球界限凸集模型描述地震活动性参数b值、年平均发生率v和地震统计区震级上限M u的不确定性，将凸集理论和考虑时空不均匀性的概率地震危险性分析方法相结合，发展了地震危险性分析的凸集分析方法；以南方某市为例，进行地震危险性分析和地震活动性参数的敏感性分析。

The analyzing aboved is made from earthquake's space distributing, periodicity, migration phenomenon, repetition, strength, frequency, b value etc., according to data of earthquake station net in Shaanxi Province and microseisms station net watching results in Xi'an area. 3 group faults which are NEE, NW and EW direction control earthquake activities in Guanzhong area. Epicenter depth mostly is 5-25km and in shallow-focus earthquake. Earthquake in east area of Guanzhong was stronger and weaker in the West in history. Fen-Wei earthquake belt showed more activity. Microseisms and small seisms is main movement in recent earthquake, it has 8-10years' period of movement and show the trend that they are strong in the West but weaker in the East. And frequency and biggest magnitude of earthquake is supplement each other. In next years earthquake frequency will lessen but strength enhance, about M4. It presumes there is earthquake climax period in Guanzhong area in 2040 and M5-6 earthquake is happened at that time.

本文在对关中地区区域构造及重磁异常特征的分析基础上，根据陕西省地震台网监测资料及西安地区微地震台网监测成果，从地震的空间分布特征、周期性、迁移现象、重复性、强度、频度、b值分析等方面，对区域地震活动特征、关中地区地震活动规律进行了分析研究，关中地区地震活动主要受北东—北东东向、北西向、东西向三组方向的断裂控制，震源深度多为5—25公里，均属浅源地震，历史地震表现为东强西弱，东部的汾渭地震带表现出较强的地震活动性，近代地震活动主要以微震或小震为主，存在着8—10年的活动周期，近期表现出西强东弱的趋势，地震的频度与地震最大震级呈互补关系，未来的几年间，地震频度会有所减少，强度会增大，将有可能发生4级左右的地震，推测在2040年左右，关中地区将进入地震高潮期，届时将可能有5—6级左右的地震发生。

Re-calculation of the Gulf region over the next 30 years the probability of earthquake risk; access to the prehistoric earthquake in the time and strength, strike-slip fault with the city's fault slip rate of new information; development of the Gulf region, the new three-dimensional structure of the crust and sedimentary rock velocity model ; Calculation in the Gulf region's history, location and intensity of the earthquake, regional seismicity rate changes over time, little is known about the fault is, unknown thrust fault and the fault rate of seismic activity; development of the Quaternary sedimentary rocks in the area of new digital map .

重新计算海湾地区未来30年地震危险概率；获取史前大地震的时间和强度、城市内走滑断层的断层滑动速率的新的信息；发展海湾地区新的地壳三维结构和岩石沉积岩速度模型；计算海湾地区历史地震的位置和强度、区域地震活动性速率随时间的变化、了解甚少的正断层、逆断层及未知断层的地震活动速率；发展该地区第四纪沉积岩的新的数字地图。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。