地震波

The frequency selecting absorbing effect of stratum medium on seismic wave keeps more information of medium characteristics in the low-frequency components.

地层介质对地震波的这种选频吸收作用使得在地震波的低频成分中保留了更为丰富的反映介质性质的信息。

A field experiment using large volume airgun source was conducted in an onshore reservoir. The characteristics of the waveform and its propogation has been studied.

利用大容量气枪震源在陆上水库进行地震波激发试验，研究陆上水库环境下激发气枪震源所产生的地震波特征及传播距离。

By analysis of frequency spectrum based on MATLAB platform, wavelet method in the application of cutting out a section of inputting earthquake wave was presented. In the process of pseudo dynamic test results, the method of non-dimensional representation and analytic representation of hysteretic curve was provided. The above two methods will help to compare dissipation energy capacity of this structure at the different acceleration peak value stage of pseudo dynamic test more precisely and comparably.

通过基于MATLAB的地震波频谱分析，说明了小波分析方法在拟动力试验中地震波截取方面的应用：在拟动力分段试验数据的处理方面，本文将试验结果的无纲量表示方法以及曲线的多项式拟合法引入滞回曲线的数据处理，这将有助于拟动力试验不同加速度峰值条件下，各阶段结构耗能能力的客观比较。

Technical parameters and characters of sampling system determine that seismic wave amplitude recorded by seismograph is approximate relative amplitude. Using these data necessarily leads to serious distortion of inverse parameters. So using Born approximation can only obtain the location of interface even if the earth medium is little disturbance.

采集系统特性和技术指标决定了所记录的地震波振幅值为近似的相对振幅，用这样的相对振幅作为地震波参数反演的振幅真值依据，必然导致反演参数值的严重失真。

Using the calculation formula of reflection ecergy, transmissin energy and incidence energy and equivalent principle of electric signal received by detector and seismic wave energy reflected by underground lithologic boundary, the formula of interval velocity and strata density are derived.

根据运动学中的动量守恒定律、分析地震勘探过程中地震波在地下介质中的传播过程，利用反射能量、透射能量与入射能量的计算公式和检波器转化的电信号与地下密度界面反射地震波波动能量的效原理，推导出直接求层速度和层密度公式。

The influence of free surface on tunnels is discussed.The influence of blasting vibration on fresh concrete lining is studied. The finite element method is employed to analyze the spatial distribution of temperature and thermal stress of fresh concrete lining, the wave function expansion method is used to study the interaction of blasting seismic wave and the circular tunnel with lining, thenthe safe PPV of fresh concrete lining with different age is decided by taking into account the thermal stress of concrete lining. Using the conformal mapping method, the influence of blasting vibration on the arch tunnel with lining is studied and the safe PPV of concrete lining is deduced under different incident angle.

研究了爆破振动对新浇混凝土衬砌的影响，采用有限元法求出了圆形洞室新浇混凝土衬砌内温度和温度应力在空间上的分布及其随时间的变化，采用波函数展开法求解了爆破地震波与有衬砌圆形洞室的相互作用，获得了考虑新浇混凝土衬砌内温度应力前提下不同龄期的新浇混凝土衬砌的安全振速；利用保角变换研究了爆破振动对直墙拱形有衬砌隧洞的影响，得到了爆破地震波以不同角度入射时混凝土衬砌的安全振速。

It's considered that seismic velocity of metamorphic rock is related to metamorphic type and strength, density, lithology and geologic structure, at the same time, intense foliation structure and interlayer of rocks different in velocity make seismic velocity present obvious anisotropy and transverse imhomogeneity.

研究认为，变质岩的地震波速度与变质作用类型和强度、岩石密度、岩性及构造有关，同时由于该区超高压变质岩的面状构造发育，而且不同地震波速度的岩石在空间上表现出明显的迭置关系，因此地震波速度呈现出显著的各向异性和横向不均匀性。

By studying,we could know structural response of building to blasting seismic wave is not only relative to intensity of blasting vibration, but also to seismic frequency and characteristic of buliding and groundsill,so we should treat in different ways in practise because of difference made by blasting seismic wave to different structural types.

最后围绕爆破地震波的三要素通过建立理想的建筑模型对建筑物的结构响应进行了理论分析，通过分析得出，建筑物对爆破地震波的响应除了与震动强度有密切关系外，还与地震波频率、建筑物的尺寸、地基土的特性以及结构的累积损伤等有很大关系，而且对于不同类型的建筑物，其结构响应差异还较大，因此在工程施工中需要分别对待。

When the nonlinear layer which has weak nonlinearity is thin and far away from the seismic source which be low energy, compared with the corresponding results in linear antis, the medium nonlinearity produces abort 1/10~1/4 and 1/10~1/3 differences of instantaneous dominant frequency aid bandwidth. These instantaneous feature differences of seismic waves induced by the nonlinearity of media become weaker and weaker with the decrease of source energy. However, with the increase of the wave travel path within the mummer layer, the nonlinear accumulation effect could still keep such phenomena as the waveform distortion and instantaneous dominant frequency and bandwidth variations in records.

在本文给定的弱非线性介质中（非线性炽较薄且远离震源），在震源能量较低的情况下，介质的非线性效应会造成地震波瞬时主频和频宽相对于线性介质情况分别为1/10~1/14和1/10~1/3左右的变化量此外，随着入射波能量的下降，介质非线性所造成的地震波瞬时特征的变化量减小，但随着地震波在穿越非线性介质时路径的加长，非线性作用的累积效应使得波形畸变和频率分布特征的变化等现象得以维持。

Due to the particularity of the blasting seismic wave ,the paper firstly introduce formation and categories of seismic wave and the way how to gather and pick-up signal of blasting seismic wave.in addtion , it also introduce two ways——frequency spectrum and wavelet theory to dispose and analyse the signal.

鉴于爆破地震波的特殊性，本文首先介绍了爆破地震波的形成和种类，爆破地震波信号的采集和提取以及对采集信号进行处理的两种分析方法——频谱分析和小波理论，接着针对云南小湾水电站的爆破震动测试对爆破地震波的特点以及传播规律进行了归纳和总结，并通过回归分析对经验公式进行了修正。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。