地震

Analyzing the relation between earthquake and structure distortion, main fault belt, crust, upper mantle, ground fracture, hotspring, geotherm, conductance frame, stress state in Guanzhong area is analyzed with earthquake mechanism, isoseismal line, crustal stress measure, fault displacement measure, and simulating test results. Earthquake formation mechanism is discussed with dynamics mechanism in Guanzhong base. There are 3 forces and a good medium environment, which are main reasons caused earthquake happened in Guanzhong area. The first force is NE and NEE level extrusion one which is parallel with long axis of Guanzhong base. The second one is level strain which is vertical with long axis of the base.

对地震与构造形变、主要断裂带、地壳及上地幔、地裂缝、温泉和地热、电性结构等关系进行了分析研究，通过震源机制解、地震等烈度线、地应力测量、断层位移测量及模拟试验等成果，分析了关中地区的地应力状态，从关中盆地的动力学机制，对该区的地震成因机制进行了探讨，认为与关中盆地长轴平行的NE和NEE向的水平挤压力、与盆地长轴方向垂直的水平张力及地幔上涌力三组力的作用，加之壳内高导层这一有利的介质环境，是导致关中地区地震发生的主要原因。

On the one hand,we try to analyze, summarize and discuss that the complex near-surface brings negative impacts on seismic exploration; on the other hand, we want to provide necessary helps for the next field operation in complex area and how to adopt effective seismic technology.

要在复杂的地表与地下地震地质条件下获得较高品质的地震剖面，一方面要克服恶劣的地表条件给野外施工作业带来的影响；另一方面又必须较好地解决和攻克在地震勘探方法和技术上因复杂近地表因素而诱发的各种难题，如地震资料的信噪比很低，干扰类型复杂，静校正问题极为突出，速度分析、叠加成像和偏移归位及构造成图困难等。

Taking the regional seismicity energy as the random function of space and time, the features of small seismicity field in Ningxia and its neighborhood region are studied by the analytical method of natural orthogonal function expansion.

地震释放能量是地震活动的一个本质要素，可看成是空间和时间坐标的随机函数，这个随机函数可称为地震活动能量随机场，或称为地震能量场。

Quantitative analysis of seismic facies classification is the premise of reclassification of seismic facies, and the quality and resolution of seismic data determine the precision of seismic facies classification.

定量地震相分析是地震相再分类研究的前提，而地震资料品质和分辨率是决定地震相分类精度的基础。

Based on the characteristics of short-duration and abrupt of blasting vibration signals and according to measured data from a practical blast,the features of energy distribution in blasting seismic signals were studied by means of the wavelet packet analysis,which had high resolvability and localization,and energy distribution of blasting seismic signals on different frequency bands was obtained.

根据爆破地震信号具有持时短、变化快等特点，结合工程爆破地震监测资料，利用小波包良好的时频局部化性质，对爆破地震信号的能量分布特征进行了分析，得到了爆破地震信号不同频带上的能量分布。

The maximum run-out distance is 3200m. The three cases are studied from the Niuquangou rockslide-debris flow at the south west segment of the main seismic fault, the Chengxi rockslide at the middle segment of the main seismic fault and the Donghekou rockslide-debris flow at the north east segment of the main seismic fault.The three cases illustrates following common characteristics:(1)parent rockmass is broken under long geologic processing and weathered;(2) Rockmass was separately expanded and thrown under long-period strong ground vibration in which the vertical motion was predominant along the main seismic fault;(3)sliding mass was crashed at the exiting zone and transferred to fragment material;(4) The secondary landslide was triggered underneath the exiting zone due to the powerful crashing and shaving processes that provides more mass to debris body and cushion shape;(5) The a long run-out distance fragment flow is occurred under air layer lubrication. The air layer was pressed and turbulently flowed in the narrow-shaped valley, or laminarly flowed in the extensive flatland.

本文重点解剖了位于地震破裂带南西段的汶川映秀牛圈沟滑坡-碎屑流、位于地震破裂带中段的北川城西滑坡和位于地震破裂带北东段青川东河口滑坡-碎屑流3个典型实例，认为具有如下特征：1）岩性条件：母岩遭受长期构造动力作用，呈碎裂岩体，后期被强烈风化，岩体极为破碎；(2）抛掷效应：位于汶川地震主断裂带或附近，垂直加速度大于水平加速度，强地面运动持时长，岩体发生振胀和抛掷；3）碰撞效应：上部滑坡体发生高位剪出和高位撞击，致使岩体碎屑化；(4）铲刮效应：撞击作用导致下部山体被铲刮，形成次级滑坡，为碎屑流体提供了足够展翼和抛洒物源体积；5）气垫效应：碎屑化岩体快速抛掷导致下部沟谷空气迅速谷状圈闭和向下紊流，形成气垫效应，或者，在下部地形开阔地带压缩空气呈层流状态致使滑体凌空飞行。

By means of different subjects and te chniques,the paper makes an overall study on the crustal stability of Beihuaiyang region and its adjace nt areas from the aspects of current t ectonic stress fields,principal fa ult structures,analysis of regional fa ults and neotectonic activity,seis mic activity and numerical modeling,etc.

运用多学科、多技术相结合的研究方法，从现今构造应力场特征、现代地壳形变特征、主干断裂构造以及区域断裂活动性分析、新构造运动、地震活动、数值模拟等方面入手，对北淮阳及其邻接区地壳稳定性进行了全面而系统的研究，指出本区地震活动受走滑活动断裂控制，中、强地震集中于区内东南部和西北部NW向与NE向断裂交汇处；第四纪无大规模差异升降运动；数值模拟等综合分析表明，信阳地区的区域构造稳定性高，现代地壳形变量小，应力平缓，地震活动少且弱。

According to the calculation results of some seismometry index of the aftershock sequences,the whole aftershock sequence could be divided into two sub-sequences,or the main event-aftershock sequence distributed in the Wenchuan area at the south-west part of the fault and the seismic swarm sequence with several large events of ...

根据对汶川地震余震序列的部分测震学指标计算，结果表明，汶川地震序列可能是由以绵竹为界，其西南段的汶川主-余震序列和绵竹北东段的北川-青川6级震群地震序列组成，汶川地震可能具有龙门山活动构造的继承性运动特点。

It is found that the off west coast of South Island of New Zealand earthquake has several basic characteristics as follows:① Moment magnitude is about M 7.8; Rupture duration time is about 40 s;② The static slip distribution is simple and the whole rupture process contains only one slip concentrated patch; This earthquake is mainly a unilateral rupture event with the rupture propaga ting southwestward.

结果表明。这次新西兰南岛西海岸近海地震的破裂过程具有如下基本特征：①矩震级约为M7.8；②地震主要破裂持续时间约为40 s；③滑动量在断层面上的分布比较简单，整个地震破裂只包含一个滑动量较大的区域；④这次地震基本上是一次单侧破裂事件，破裂主要朝向西南方向。

During the preparatory periods of the Haicheng earthquake and Tangshah earthquake, the occurrences of the stronger earthquakes in the precursory field were related to the moon's phase, the M_L≥4.5 earthquakes of the near-focus field in the trend precursory periods and the M_L≥4.0 earthquakes of the whole precursory field in the periods of the fast-changing precursors tended to occur around syzygy or quarter.

海城和唐山地震的孕震期间，前兆异常区域内的较强地震趋于发生在朔望和上下弦，海城和唐山地震的主序列以及前兆异常区域内1900年以来发生的六级以上强震与月相也存在类似的相关。这些关系可以在地震预报中作参考。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。