地震

Buildings are the focuses of people's life, the destroy of those will have great influence on people's life. However, if the government interferes in reconstruction deeply, it will transfer the taxation of non-disaster area to disaster area, and so does the relationship between those who don't bear risks and those who bear risks. The result is unfair, so the effective way to protect people's property is to use insurance to bear risks. Although Taiwan has had earthquake insurance since 1972, the number of people who got amende wasn't large. Taiwan repaired the earthquake insurance of buildings, but the price of it was regular, which was unfair. The lack of accurate legitimacy and clearness reveals from this process.

由於住宅是国民生活重心，若是遭受损毁将会对人民生活带来影响，然而政府若是过度介入补救工程，会使国家税收由非灾区转移到灾区、非风险承担者转移到风险承担者身上，造成其间的不公平发展，因此有效保障国民财产安全方法便是采用保险制度来分担风险，虽然我国早在民国61年起便已开办地震保险，但根据资料指出在集集地震灾害中受保障的民众仍不多，民国八十七年前投保地震保险户数实际仅占约国内户数的0.2％，我国在集集地震后重新制订住宅地震保险制度，其保险费用采用单一保费，有违背保险之公平原则，由此可以看出新制地震险在建筑物损害率方面缺乏明确的合理化且透明化的过程。

In this paper, the approach to the understanding of seismic tectonic environment in moderate and strong earthquake areas are discussed through the antithetic analysis of shallow and deep structures, macro microstructural analysis, and analysis of both historical and recent seismic data.

引言地震预报尤其是地震趋势预测仅以地震活动的时间和空间图像为主要研究对象是不够的，尚须结合对地震构造物理图像即地震发生的地质构造条件的探察，才有可能逐步推进从经验预报向物理预报过渡的进程。

In view of Permian biohermal geologic feature and data cases in eastern Sichuan area, the paper, taking biohermal gas reservoir as a studied object and starting from the analysis of feature of seismic response in the known wells, built up discriminating mode of bioherm and biohermal reservoir by multiple seismic special processin...

本文针对川东地区二叠系生物礁的地质特点和资料情况，以生物礁气藏为研究对象，从已知井井震响应特征分析出发，通过地震反射结构分析、神经网络波形分类处理、地震属性分析、三维可视化解释、多参数地震反演等多项地震特殊处理和解释方法，建立了生物礁和生物礁储层的判别模式，形成了有针对性的地震勘探配套技术。

By analyzing the characteristics of seismic rupture process and considering the three hypothetical conditions of similarity satisfied by earthquake,i e geometrical, stress environment and dynamic similarities of fault planes, the authous have studied the scaling analysis of similarity between earthquakes with various magnitudes and set up the scaling relation between sou.

本文根据Heaskel二维矩形地震破裂模式，导出了以ω立方的波谱衰减，在分析地震破裂过程特征、考虑三个主要的相似性假定基础上，即假定地震满足断层面几何相似、应力环境相似和动力学相似条件，研究了大小地震相似性问题的标度分析，建立了地震破裂和源参数之间的标定律关系。

Secondly, modeling the uncertainties of theb value, the annual occurrence ratev and the upper bound magnitude M uusing convex set models, a convex set-based seismic hazrd analysis approach is developed by integrating the convex theory with the probabilistic based CPSHA (China Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis) theory. By the example of seismic hazard analysis of a city in southern China, this method is demonstrated with a sensitivity analysis.

然后，采用包络界限凸集模型和椭球界限凸集模型描述地震活动性参数b值、年平均发生率v和地震统计区震级上限M u的不确定性，将凸集理论和考虑时空不均匀性的概率地震危险性分析方法相结合，发展了地震危险性分析的凸集分析方法；以南方某市为例，进行地震危险性分析和地震活动性参数的敏感性分析。

In this paper, some methods of fuzzy mathematics suah as the direct method of fuzzy pattern recognition, the method of fuzzy clustering analysis the method of fuzzy information retrieval, and the recently advanced method of fuzzy fractal dimension have been applied to earthquake monitoring and prediction in the Surrounding Capital Area based on the seismicity and earthquake precursors. The seismic and unseismic precursors before both the Tangshan M=7.8 great earthquake in July, 1976 and the Datong-yanggao M...

本文把模糊数学中的模糊模式识别的直接方法、模糊聚类分析方法、模糊信息检索方法和新近提出的模糊分维方法应用到以地震活动性和地震前兆为基础的首都圈地震监测预报当中，分析研究了发生在这一地区的两次大地震，即1976年唐山7.8级和1989年大同6.1级地震前用模糊数学方法识别出的地震学前兆和非地震学前兆，并对这一地区大地震的长期和中短期模糊预报方法与途径进行了简要的讨论。

The result show there weren't M6.0 earthquakes beyond 4 years and M5.0 earthquakes beyond 2 year, the earthquake calmness is distinct in medium term; the M5.0 earthquakes intensified in short term, there were foreshocks in the epicenter region, in the same time, the fixed point precursor observational datum of Xinjiang appeared obvious short anomalies; and found a few imminent earthquak...

结果认为，6.8级地震前新疆6级地震平静4年多，5级地震平静2年，中期阶段地震平静显著；短期阶段5级地震显著增强，震源区出现前震活动，同时全疆定点前兆观测资料出现较为明显的短期异常并观测到少量的临震异常。不同孕震时段的异常特征是6.8级地震中短期预测的依据，因而也是当前经验预报的基础。

Rarely, several earthquakes precede a larger earthquake, but they don't look any different than any other earthquake, so we don't know they're foreshocks until they actually become foreshocks.

很少有情况，几个地震之后会发生较大的地震，但他们与其他地震并没有明显的区别，所以我们只有在更大地震发生后才能知道这些地震是否是更大地震的前震。

The first one briefly,reviews the present status of studies on societal and economical responses to earthquakes and earthquake predictions in China during the recent three years,mainly including introduction,the outline of general work.the object and task of the research work,especially the social investigations of earthquake predictions,false alarms,earthquake rumours,earthquake disasters and some enlightenments gained from them,as well as international interflows of materials and activities of commu...

扼要回顾了近三年多来中国在地震和地震预报社会经济影响研究工作方面的进展情况，主要包括引言，一般工作概况，此项研究工作的目的和任务，特别是对地震预报、地震虚报、地震谣传、地震灾害等不同类型的社会调查及从中得到的几点启示，以及国际资料交流及通讯交往活动等。

This invention relates to three-dimensional seismic data processing quality monitoring technology. Selecting time-window and analysis frequency for FFT to obtain frequency-domain conversion result for every channel; taking mean-filter to obtain the statistic excited energy or noise disturbance; plotting all results on plane graph to monitor the 3D excited energy or noise disturbance; taking normalization and autocorrelation to all earthquake channel; summating all autocorrelation statistic result to obtain opposite statistic autocorrelation result; finding out and plotting the zero-crossing of autocorrelation on plane position for monitoring excited wavelet.

本发明涉及一种三维地震资料处理质量监控技术，步骤是：选定时窗和分析频率；对某炮各地震道在时窗内做快速富立叶变换，得到道数据在频率域变换结果；对同炮的所有地震道做频率域中值滤波，得到该炮的统计激发能量或噪声干扰量结果；将所有炮的计算结果绘到各炮点平面图上，监控三维激发能量或噪声干扰；对地震数据某炮的各地震道做归一化自相关；对同炮的所有地震道的自相关统计求和，得到该炮的统计自相关结果；寻找该炮统计自相关的零交叉时，将所有炮的零交叉时绘到各炮点平面位置上，完成激发子波监控。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。