地震

There exists extraordinarily affluent literature of historical earthquake.Currently,we inadequately utilize macro phenomena of earthquake and isoseismal,therefore,further explore the source of historical earthquake,and emphasize the uncertainty of epicenter and magnitude of historical earthquake.Since 1970,along with the advancement of observational technique, we greatly improve seismic observational accuracy,and moderate and small seismic data recorded by instrument is more and more sufficient.

历史地震的文献资料异常丰富，但是对地震宏观现象及等震线的利用显得不足，历史地震资源还待进一步开发；而且历史地震震中位置和震级的不确定性问题需要注意。1970年以来，由于观测技术的提高，地震观测精度得到很大程度地改善，仪器记录的中小地震资料也越来越丰富。

According to the variance module and resolution after deconvolution, the ideal mixed phase wavelets may be extracted from the wavelet gatherings with the same amplitude spectrum and different phase spectrums finally. Therefore the target for raising the resolution of seismic records can be attained by the determinacy wavelet deconvolution. Through the wavelet extraction tests for theoretic synthetic records and actual seismic data and the processing of enhancing resolution of seismic data by use of the wavelets extracted, it was shown that such a method is correct and effective.

依据反褶积后地震记录方差模大小和分辨率情况，最终从一系列相同振幅谱不同相位谱子谱集合中确定理想的混合相位子波，通过确定性子波反褶积达到提高地震记录分辨率的目标对理论合成地震记录和实际地震记录进行了子波提取实验，并利用提取的地震子波对地震资料进行了提高分辨率的了处理，实验结果表明了该布法约正确准和有效性。

The multi-attributes and multi-parameters of 3D seismic data is studied through detailed processing and interpretation of 3D seismic data based on seismic model inversion and seismic reflector features recognition ,the relationship between reservoir and seismic attribute parameter is determined , and reservoir forestation is done , the response feature and three types recognition model for carbonate reservoir in seismic reflect cross-section are established, deepen the understanding of distributions of fracture and vug within this reservoir.

在地震模型正演和地震波形分析的基础上，通过对区内三维地震资料的精细处理解释，开展了地震资料的多属性、多参数综合分析，确定了储层和地震属性参数间的关系，开展储层预测及评价研究，总结碳酸盐岩缝洞发育带的地震响应特征，建立了3类缝洞碳酸盐岩储层识别模式，深化了对裂缝、溶洞发育带空间展布规律的认识。

The issues of present seismic wavelet frequency caused by different concepts, such as apparent frequency, dominant frequency, peak frequency and centroid frequency, etc., which are defined by different methods, and understanding deviation, definition of seismic wavelet frequency for time and frequency domain are concluded and summarized. On this basis, three kinds of seismic wavelets in common use such as Ricker and Zinc wavelets as well as sine wavelet with exponential attenuation characteristics are analyzed and a conclude is achieved that apparent frequency and dominant frequency are consistent in essence, but peak frequency and centroid frequency as well as apparent frequency or dominant frequency are not completely consistent with different seismic wavelets. For actual seismic data, peak frequency can approximately be used as dominant frequency, but it is not suitable when seismic wavelet is known for it can give out any wrong knowledge and results.

针对目前地震子波频率由于定义方式出现的各种概念（视频率、主频、峰值频率、中心频率等）以及理解上出现的偏差等问题，首先从时间域定义和频率域定义2个方面进行了归纳和总结，并在此基础上对3种常用地震子波（Ricker子波，Zinc子波，正弦指数衰减子波）进行了分析和研究，得出视频率与主频概念一致，但不同地震子波的峰值频率、中心频率和视频率之间并不完全一致的结论；而对于实际地震资料，将峰值频率近似看作地震子波的主频是可以的，但在地震子波已知的情形下这样做是不恰当的，甚至可能会得出错误的结论和认识。

The rupture process of 2010 January 12 Haiti earthquake was obtained by inverting the broadband seismic data of Global Seismographic Network based on the fast inversion method of earthquake rupture process.

运用地震破裂过程快速反演方法，在2010年1月12日海地地震发生后，采用全球地震台网的宽频带地震资料，反演了这次地震的破裂过程，得到了这次地震破裂过程的反演结果。

The rupture process of 2009 October 7 Vanuatu earthquake was obtained by inverting the broadband seismic data of Global Seismographic Network based on the fast inversion method of earthquake rupture process within 3 hours after the earthquake occurrence.

运用地震破裂过程快速反演方法，在2009年10月7日瓦努阿图地震发生后，采用全球地震台网的宽频带地震资料，快速反演了这次地震的破裂过程，在震后3小时内得出了这次地震破裂过程的反演结果。

The rupture process of 2009 July 15 off west coast of South Island of New Zealand earthquake was obtained by inverting the broadband seismic data of Global Seismographic Network based on the fast inversion method of earthquake rupture process within 4 hours after the earthquake occurrence.

运用地震破裂过程快速反演方法，在2009年7月15日新西兰南岛西海岸近海地震发生后，采用全球地震台网的宽频带地震资料，快速反演了这次地震的破裂过程，并于震后4小时内得出了这次地震破裂过程的反演结果。

The rupture process of 2009 September 29 Samoa Islands region earthquake was obtained by inverting the broadband seismic data of Global Seismographic Network based on the fast inversion method of earthquake rupture process within 3.5 hours after the earthquake occurrence.

运用地震破裂过程快速反演方法，在2009年9月29日萨摩亚群岛地区地震发生后，采用全球地震台网的宽频带地震资料，快速反演了这次地震的破裂过程，并于震后3.5小时内得出了这次地震破裂过程的反演结果。

Based on some typical and quick reported regional earthquakes with magnitudes between 3 and 5 and different azimuths,occurred outside the Digital Seismic Network of Datong of Shanxi Province and recorded by the network from 2002 to May 2006,the differences in earthquake parameters between those determined by the network and catalogue from China Earthquake Administration are compared and analyzed statistically.

引言数字地震台网的出现，不仅给地震监测工作带来极大方便，而且使地震速报时间大为缩短，在地震预报这一难关尚未攻克的情况下，给大震发生后的抗震救灾，特别是抢救人民的生命和财产工作争取到了宝贵的时间，故认真研究数字地震台网对中强以上地震的响应能力是建设数字地震台网的

Using cross-correlation analysis of available waveforms recorded by YSN, we identified a total of 765 similar earthquake clusters including 412 doublets and 353 multiplets that consist of 3588 earthquakes, roughly 45% of the total seismicity.

通过对云南研究区内可用地震事件波形的全波段互相关分析，识别出765组相似地震。其中包括412组由两个地震构成的相似地震对和353组由两个以上地震构成的多重相似对，总共有3588次地震，占所分析的地震事件的45%。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。