地震

1Based on the characteristics of carbonatite reservoir in Sangtamu area, we summarize the type of seismic reflection and the distribution of oil and gas.(2)Through the study of the lateral difference of local amplitude, which can predict the short, unorderly reflective energy gobbet of carbonatite reservior, we study the distribution of carbonatite reservoir with crack.(3)Analyzing the change of the seismic waveform, applying nerve network method to classify the seismic waveform, find the rule of its change, recognizing the change rule of seismic facies.(4)Applying the seismic multi-attribute cross method to study the surface and inner of carbonatite reservoir in buried hill. We first extract the 5 kinds of seismic attribute. Through a series of choices, we find those seismic attributes that are sensitive to the change of carbonatite reservoir.

主要的研究包括：①根据桑塔木碳酸盐岩的储层特点，总结了该区的地震反射特征及油气分布特征；②研究出一种有针对性的地震属性--局域振幅横向差异性，来定量刻画潜山内部"短轴"杂乱反射能量团，预测缝洞型碳酸盐岩内部储层的平面分布规律；③通过对地震波形变化的分析，运用神经网络对地震波形进行有效分类，找出波形变化的总体规律，从而认识地震相的变化规律；④应用交会法地震多属性分析方法，对潜山表层和内部分别提取了5大类40种地震属性，通过一系列分析表层及内幕各自优选出3种、4种地震属性用于进行交会分析。

Based on the special geological traits of the fourth member of the Shahejie Formation of Block Tuo-123 in Dongying Depression, in combination with the sequence identification and comparison of the seismic section, five typical seismic facieses were summarized, including sub-parallel sheeted seismic facies, hummocky onlap fill seismic facies, lens seismic facies, wedge seismic facies and blank seismic facies, and their traits and distribution range were analysed.

针对东营凹陷坨123断块沙四段的具体地质背景，在对地震剖面层序划分和追踪对比的基础上，总结出5种典型的地震相：亚平行席状地震相、丘形上超充填地震相、透镜状地震相、楔形杂乱地震相和空白地震相，并分析了其主要特征及展布范围。

The retortion influence of base isolating building and base fixed building under horizontal earthquake effect is discussed, and the difference between them under the same condition is compared.

本文介绍了减震结构的动力特性，并计算了结构在地震作用下各层的位移、速度、加速度和剪力等地震反应；分析了结构在同时受到两个水平方向地震作用时结构的地震反应，从与抗震结构的对比中可见其优越性；选用了不同场地上的地震波模拟了各类场地上的地震作用，分析比较了不同的场地对建筑物减震效果的差异；分析了橡胶垫水平刚度的变化对动力分析结果所造成的影响，提出了在橡胶垫恢复力曲线中，按线性模型进行简化计算的条件；讨论了隔震垫的设置位置，比较了隔震垫设置在首层柱的底部和设置在其它位置的区别；分析了减震结构在连续经历多次地震时（即在地震后、较大余震作用下）是否仍然能够减震的问题；并对水平地震作用下，减震结构和抗震结构的受扭情况进行了讨论，比较了同等条件下两种结构的区别。

Based on systematic analysis, nine seismometry parameters that response earthquakes well in North China are selected, which are seismic frequency, seismicity scale, mf-value, b-value, D-value,η-value, seismicity intensity entropy and seismicity time entropy. Using synthetic anomaly index method, we calculated their seismic anomaly index values separately and synthesized these values into a chronogenesis curve. After studying its short-term anomaly characteristics to earthquakes, the criterion index for M≥5.8 earthquakes in North China is obtained. The R-value test indicts that it has good prediction effect.

在系统分析并筛选出华北地区地震频度、地震活动标度、mf值、调制比、b值、D值、η值、地震活动强度熵和地震活动时间熵等映震较好的9项测震学参数基础上，应用综合异常指数方法，分别计算了它们各自的地震异常指数时序值，进而合成得到华北地区测震学综合异常指数时序曲线，通过研究其地震短期异常特征，给出了华北地区M≥5.8地震短期综合预测的判据指标，经R值评分检验表明，该指标具有较好的地震预测效能。

The results indicate that the distribution of the solar zenith distance versus the occurring probability of earthquakes is quite consistent with the lunar case, and the case for small earthquakes is different from the larger earthquakes. The latter is mainly clustered at 0oand l80o of the zenith distance, and consistent with the distribution of the absolute value of the solar tide forces, while the former are clustered at 60o and l2Oo.

统计发现：地震的太阳天顶距地震频度和月球天顶距地震频度分布表现出一致的规律性，且较大地震和小地震的活动规律不同，较大地震丛集发生在太阳天顶距0°和180°附近，与地面引潮力的绝对值分布有较好的一致性；而小地震多丛集在太阳天顶距60°和120°附近。

We analyzed and compared the Zhaosu M6.1 earthquake's sequence and its catalog of the seismic institute of Kazakhstan science and educational bureau, renewed the seismic datum of Kazakhstan seismic station net, and relocated the Zhaosu M6.1 earthquake and its 51 aftershocks, in the end, we discussed its macroseismic epicenter and microseismic epicenter .

摘要分析比较了中国新疆昭苏6.1级地震序列资料和哈萨克斯坦科教部地震研究所提供的该次地震目录，通过补充哈萨克斯坦地震台网的地震资料，对2003年12月1日发生的昭苏6.1级地震及其51个馀震进行了重新定位，并对此次地震的微观震中、宏观震中进行了讨论。

The rupture process of 2009 August 10 Andaman earthquake was obtained by inverting the broadband seismic data of Global Seismographic Network based oil the fast inversion method of earthquake rupture process about 4 hours after the earthquake occurrence.

运用地震破裂过程快速反演方法，在2009年8月10日安达曼地震发生后，采用全球地震台网的宽频带地震资料，快速反演了这次地震的破裂过程，在地震发生约4小时后得出了这次地震的破裂过程反演结果。

First, some seismotectonic belts in southeast and northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau which have similar geodynamic background are selected.

本文从地震地质学角度出发，充分利用地震学和岩石力学等学科中的相关研究理论和方法，将地震活动与具体的地震构造相结合，探讨了包含多个孕震区或断裂带的大陆板内地区的地震复发规律，提出了大陆板内地震的准周期丛集复发模式，并系统、全面的研究和讨论了不同断裂之间的相互作用及其对活动断裂地震危险性的影响，从机理上揭示了大陆板内地震准周期丛集复发行为的内在物理基础。

2Based on the nonlinear theory, we found the reservoir seismic nonlinearprediction and evaluation method technology, it is constituted by three nonlinearmethods and the technologys of the fracture prediction, the seismic inversion and thereservoir synthesis prediction evaluation: The seismic nonlinear prediction ofreservoir fracture is one new method which is composed with the phase spacereconstruction, the nonlinear parameters pick-up technology and the syntheticprediction evaluation method. The reservoir seismic high resolution nonlinearinversion is a new seismic inversion way which the BP algorithm is embeded in theauto-adapted genetic algorithms interior to have the predominances of neural networktechnology and genetic algorithms, it adopts the new embedded GA-BP mixalgorithms and the nonlinear mapping technology, and realizes the inversionautomatically, obtains the high resolution seismic inversion profile. The reservoirseismic nonlinear synthesis prediction and evaluation is a new method which iscombined organically of genetic algorithms and adaptive neural fuzzy inferencesystem, it will optimize the new seismic attribute space which are processed to take the input, uses the new adaptive mix algorithm which GDand LSE(least-square estimation) mix algorithms of ANFIS network insert to the GAinterior and taboo search algorithms is added to the intercrossed operation place,the simulation of the evaluation parameters is used quantitative evaluation guide lineto the reservoir quality and oil-gas distribution.

2基于非线性理论，创建了储层地震非线性预测与评价方法技术，它是由裂缝预测、地震反演和储层综合预测与评价等三大非线性方法与技术组成：储层裂缝地震非线性预测是由相空间重建、非线性参数提取与预测技术及综合评价方法组成的一种新型裂缝预测方法；储层地震高分辨率非线性反演是将BP算法嵌入自适应遗传算法内部所构成的集遗传算法和神经网络技术优势于一体的新的地震反演方法，它采用嵌入式新的混合算法及非线性映射技术，自动实现反演，获得高分辨率地震反演剖面；储层地震非线性综合预测与评价是由遗传算法与自适应神经网络—模糊推理系统有机地相结合而产生的储层预测与评价的新方法，它将优化处理所形成的新地震属性参数空间作为输入，采用将ANFIS网络中的混合算法嵌入到GA算法内部与禁忌搜索算法加在交叉操作处产生新的自适应混合算法，将综合评价参数作为储层品质和含油气性的定量评价指标。

This paper briefly introduced the progress in time-lapse seismic as shown from the 76th SEG annual meeting. Topics include the repeatability of time-lapse seismic, in which we discussed the effects of shooting and receiving environments on repeatability, the effects of the cable length and its positioning accuracy and stability on repeatability, and the data processing techniques to improve repeatability, new insights into time-lapse seismic, in which we described tube wave time-lapse response, spectral decomposition, and time-lapse VSP monitoring, and problems related to application of time-lapse seismic technology. The comprehensive applications of time-lapse seismic and other geophysical data were demonstrated with the real data from an oilfield. Finally, we summarized the difficulties in using time-lapse seismic and outlooked its future trend.

简要介绍了第76届SEG年会反映的时移地震技术的进展，主要内容有：时移地震的可重复性，讨论了激发、接收环境对可重复性的影响，海上拖缆长度、定位精度及排列稳定性对可重复性的影响，以及通过数据处理技术提高数据的重复性；时移地震技术的新领域，讨论了管波时移地震监测、谱分解技术和时移VSP监测等；简要分析了时移地震技术应用中应该注意的问题，并通过时移地震在某个油田的实际应用，讨论了时移地震技术与其他地球物理手段的综合应用；最后分析了时移地震技术目前存在的问题，展望了其发展趋势。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。