地质时期

An unusually high level of iridium appears at this time in the geologic record and is typically the biggest piece of evidence used in support of this theory.

在这一时期的地质记录当中，铱的高含量是用来证明这一理论的最有力的证据之一。

1:250000 geological mapping has further revealed the mysteries of the tectonics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The Altun Mountains are not of the Tarim massif, but a part of the Kunlun-Qilian-Qinling orogenic system; the Altun fault is a large transform fault; the Muztag-Maqên suture zone and Jinshajiang suture zone are both Variscan ones; the Songpan-Garzê area in the Triassic was a huge turbidite basin on the southern margin of Laurasia; the Gangdise belt underwent the important Indosinian orogenic movement; an ocean basin that persisted from the Paleozoic to Triassic did not exist, i.e. the so-called Paleo-Tethys or permanent Tethys was not in existence in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In the Paleozoic, most parts of China, including the Sino-Korean, Yangtze and Tarim massifs and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, were located in south of the main ocean basin—the Central Asian-Mongolian sea way—of the Paleo-Asia ocean, belonging to the northern margin of Gondwana. The Yarlung Zangbo and Bangong -Nujiang belts were twins in the Tethyan Ocean, which began to develop into two ocean rift belts in the Triassic. The Tethyan Ocean with the Yarlung Zangbo belt as the main ocean basin belt began to be subducted in the Late Triassic and experienced a process of pulsatory plate convergence orogeny including the Indosinian, Yanshanian and Himalayan stages.

1：25万地质填图进一步揭开了青藏高原地区大地构造的奥秘：阿尔金山是昆仑，祁连-秦岭造山系的一部分；阿尔金断裂确是一条大型转换断层；木孜塔格-玛沁缝合带和金沙江缝合带均是华力西缝合带；松潘甘孜三叠系沉积盆地是劳亚大陆南部边缘的浊积岩盆地；冈底斯带曾经历了重要的印支造山运动；不存在从古生代延续到三叠纪的大洋盆地，即不存在所谓古特提斯或永久特提斯；古生代时期，在青藏高原地区亦不存在具古生物，古地理分隔意义的大洋盆地，当时，包括中朝，扬子，塔里木以及青藏高原地区在内的中国大部分均位于古亚洲洋主洋盆——中亚-蒙古带之南，属冈瓦纳大陆结构复杂的北部边缘；雅鲁藏布江和班公湖-怒江带是特提斯洋中的孪生姊妹，它们均是从三叠纪起就发展成大洋裂谷带的；以雅鲁藏布江带为主洋盆带的特提斯洋，从三叠纪晚期开始消减，经历了印支，燕山，喜马拉雅3个阶段脉动式板块汇聚造山过程。

The appearance and subsequent diversification of biomineralization in Metazoa have long been a puzzle for geologists and palaeobiologists. Various hypotheses have been proposed, but none seems to be satisfying.

后生动物骨骼化是地质历史时期最重要的生命创新事件之一，后生动物是何时，以何种方式形成了最早的骨骼，骨骼化的动因是什么，一直是地学界难解之迷。

The change of oblateness in individual geological periods is needed to determine the change of the earth's shape.

为了确定地球形状的变化需要了解各个地质历史时期其扁率的变化。

The earth is a ellipsoid consisted of both solid and liquid, so the true value in each geological time should be less than the calculated oblateness.

地球是个固液混合的椭球体，在各个地质历史时期中地球扁率的真实值应该小于计算的扁率值。

All above significant changes imply that the Tethys-Himalayanarea was affected by the Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum.

西藏南部受全球地质事件的影响，在古新世与始新世界线时期出现明显的气候变化。

As a 20 years before the establishment of the city, in the previous municipal government's scientific policy-making and hard work, in recent years, Zhangjiajie City has undergone a rapid development period, with the world's natural heritage, the World Geological Park, China's first national Forest Park, the National "5A" Jinzizhaopai four spots, from the "purdah in custody did not know" has become a world-renowned tourist destination, Hunan's leading tourism.

作为一个成立才20年的城市，在历届市委、市政府的科学决策和艰苦努力下，近年来，张家界市经历了一个快速发展的时期，拥有了世界自然遗产、世界地质公园、中国第一个国家森林公园、全国"5A"景区四块金字招牌，已经从"养在深闺人未识"变成了世界知名的旅游胜地、湖南旅游的龙头。

After a general review on the present studies of Quaternary Engineering Geology at home and abroad.

在即将进入二十一世纪的今天，人类活动—特别是工程活动的规模之大、强度之高、空间之广，达到了空前的水平，对第四纪地质环境的依赖和影响程度也超过了人类历史上任何时期。

Combined the geological analysis with analogue modeling experiments,the evolution of the Yinggehai basin could be divided into four main stages:(1) Before 42Ma,controlled by the southeastward extension of the Beibu Gulf basin on the northern continental margin,the Yinggehai basin experienced dextral pull-apart.Bounded by NS-trending Yingxi fault,the transtensional areas mainly are the northwest part and along the eastern boundary of the basin.(2) From 42 to 21Ma,the development of the main rift body in Yinggehai basin was mainly controlled by the southward slip and clockwise rotation of the Indochina block along the Red River fault zone,and the sedimentation was strengthened due to the sinistral transtension.In the east,the subsidence is deepened due to the dextral transtension.(3) From 21 to 10.4Ma,the sinistral movement of the Indochina block slowed down to still.From 21 to 15.5Ma,the northwest part of the basin began to inverse locally because of post-rift thermal subsidence of the whole basin.(4) From 10.4Ma to present,the basin was affected by the dextral movement of the South China block along the Red River fault zone and thermal accident in a new phase at 5Ma.

结合地质分析和物理模拟实验，莺歌海盆地的演化大致可以分为以下4个主要阶段：早期(42 Ma以前)主要受到南海北部陆缘裂解造成的右旋转换伸展作用的影响，但影响范围较小，主要为莺歌海盆地西北部和东部边界。42～21 Ma期间，主要受控于印支地块左行走滑和顺时针旋转作用的影响，莺歌海盆地在此期间发育了主体裂陷体系，东侧受到右旋转换伸展应力场的叠加影响而导致沉降加强；21～10.4 Ma期间，受印支地块逐渐减弱直至停止的左行走滑作用的影响，盆地西北部在21～15.5 Ma期间发生局部反转褶皱，但盆地整体进入以热沉降为主的时期；10.4 Ma以后，盆地受华南地块沿红河断裂右旋走滑作用和5 Ma以后新一期热事件的影响。

The results show that the present convergence rate of the India plate is 21.8 mm/a with a dipping 8.1°to the north. This is in good agreement with various geologic predictions of 18mm/a in past 2～3 million year implying a stable convergence rate of the India plate in a very long duration.

本文 结果与从地质推断的在过去2～3Ma时期内，印度板块向欧亚大陆俯冲速率平均为18mm/a，有较好的一致性，表明在较长时间内，印度板块向欧亚大陆俯冲的速率仍然是稳定的。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。