地质

Geological condition is the important factors in study on tunnel excavating disaster inevitably. From the aeolotropy of hard rock of tunnel engineering region, the stress distribution of several kinds of fault to the water gushing of tunnel, the type of geology disaster involved in macrocharacter, main control factors, disaster mechanism and control strategy in tunnel excavating are studied systematically in this thesis.

中文题名隧道开挖地质灾害规律与防治对策研究副题名外文题名 Study on tunnel excavating geology disaster regular and control trategy 论文作者杜炜平导师古德生院士学科专业岩土工程研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中南大学学位授予日期2001 论文页码总数108页关键词隧道工程地质灾害岩爆馆藏号BSLW /2003 /U45 /1 隧道开挖灾害研究必然以地质因素为其主要研究对象。

Discarded soil field is a common damaging appurtenant project outside the route in highway construction in mountainous areas,the destructive effect of which on environment has been validated by years of highway construction. The design of discarded soil field should consider the natural,geographic,geological and social condition such as climate,landform,hydrology,hydrographic geology,engineering geology and so on.

弃土场是山区公路建设中经常出现的具有破坏性的线外附属工程，它对环境的破坏在多年的公路建设中已经得到了验证，故弃土场的设计应全面综合地考虑场区的气候、地形、水文、水文地质和工程地质等自然、地理、地质和社会条件。

To be directed against the particularity of geoscience information, various methods of digital image processing have been developed in order to enhance and extract the important information used in geological exploration and to assist in geotectonic structural analysis.

针对地学信息的特殊性，研究和开发了各种数字图像处理方法，以增强和提取用于地质勘查的重要信息，辅助地质构造分析，并在矿产预测中取得初步效果，显示出数字图像处理技术在地质勘查中的应用潜力。

It shows from the geological and geochemical characteristics of the two gold deposit that they belong to the series of the interstratified glide breccia type gold deposit s with the same genesis and source which a.

金矿地质及地球化学研究表明，蓬家夼金矿和发云夼金矿是属于在相似地质条件下在同一地质作用过程中形成的具有同成因同来源的层间滑动角砾岩型金矿。

According to the differences of geological environment conditions it can be divided into five regions as Huaibei,Along-the-Yangtze Area, west Anhui and South Anhui,and further into 18 subzones.

根据地质环境条件的差异进行安徽省环境地质分区，可分为淮北、江淮、沿江、皖西和皖南5个环境地质区和18个环境地质亚区。

In the light of adaptability of movable platforms, stratum structural characteristics and sedimentary characteristics, the thesis divides the study area into four subzones as follows: engineering geological subzone of the recently deposited tidal flat, engineering geological subzone of the Gaizhou Tidal Flat, engineering geological subzone of offshore areas, and engineering geological subzone of tidal ditches; and amenity of ocean engineering is discussed in each subzone.

论文根据移动式平台的适应性及地层结构特征、沉积物性质，将本研究区域分为新近潮滩工程地质区、盖州滩工程地质区、浅海工程地质区、潮道工程地质区，分区讨论了海洋工程的适宜性。

Thirdly, it analyzes and studies in detail Surpac mechanism and the relevant concepts on constructing the model of mineral deposits and mining engineering systems according to the modeling procedure and the actual conditions of Jinchuan"s mines. Based on these:Lit points out some differences between the western countries and China in the practice of the geological data record, explores the inputting data on computers performed by more people at the same time and the method to improve constructing the data-base and finished the data-base of Jinchuan mineral deposits;2.It puts forward the steps and flow chart to construct the solid model and brings forward the scheme of "first individual then whole to set up Jinchuan mineral deposits geological model, summarizes some experiences for constructing the complicated geological ore body of the high accuracy: add control lines, add auxiliary demarcation lines +control lines, the operation of intersection, cross and incorporation between solid bodies and plane and section combination. The above-mentioned methods applied to construct the mineral deposits solid models of four mine areas in Jinchuan; 3.lt studies and presents the detailed flow chart of constructing block and grade model, analyses the workable scheme in setting up the block and grade model of main ore body for Jinchuan mineral deposits and also sets it up.

接着，按建模流程并结合公司矿山实情，详细研究、分析了Surpac构造矿床模型和采矿工程系统模型的机理、有关概念，在此基础上：(1)指出了西方国家与我国在地质数据记录习惯方面存在的一些差异，探索出多人多机同时录入、提高建库效率的方法，建立了金川矿床地质数据库；(2)研究并提出了构造实体模型的步骤和流程图及&先分后整&建立金川矿床地质体实体模型方案，总结出建立高精度复杂地质体模型几点经验：添加控制线法、添加辅助分界线+控制线法、实体间的交、叉、并运算法及平剖面图联合法，建立了金川矿床四个矿区主矿体的实体模型；(3)研究并提出了建立块模型、品位模型详细流程图，分析了建立金川矿床主矿体块模型和品位模型的可行方案，建立了金川矿床主矿体的块模型和品位模型。

The uncertainties of re serves calculation parameters, such as reservoir volume, porosity, fluid interface, hydrocarbon saturation and volume factor, are evaluated and given a possible variation range respectively, by analyzing their geological origins. The uncertainly variations of reserves calculation parameters are represented in geological modeling, and the OIIP evaluation is made by a combination of geological models with Monte Carlo simulations.

通过分析影响储层体积、孔隙度、流体界面、含烃饱和度以及体积系数等储量计算参数不确定性的地质成因，对各参数的不确定性进行评价并给出可能存在的变化范围；在地质建模中体现储量计算参数的不确定性变化；基于地质模型并结合Monte Carlo模拟方法进行地质储量评价。

Regional assessment of geohazards such as rockfalls, landslides and debris flows have great significance for stipulating the regional geohazard prevention plan and guiding the rational development of resources and proper protection of the geological environment and also provides a basis for the geohazard risk assessment and risk management.

滑坡等地质灾害的区域评价对制定区域地质灾害防治规划、指导国土资源的合理开发和地质环境的妥善保护具有重要意义，也是地质灾害风险评价与风险管理的基础。

Since Later Archaeozoic era (270 hundred million years old), a great number of geologic relics with unique features come into being in the long period of geologic history.

这些地质遗迹集典型性、稀有性、观赏性于一体，对研究东南沿海各地质时期的地质作用、开展地质旅游、普及地球科学知识都具有重要的作用。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。