地理环境因素

This article detailedly expatiated upon the principles, contents and methods of cropland classification; it analyzed the necessity to combine the work of cropland classification with GIS technology, summarized the attributions of ARC/INFOand some other related softwares; it established the technologic route of cropland classification supported by GIS, by a case study in Liwu Town,Li County Hebei Province, this article expatiated the practicable mechanism of combining the function of ARC/INFO with the work of cropland classification, and put forward some new ideas and approaches of utilizing GIS: this paper put forward the idea of coding the polygons in the basic graphic database such as soil map and land use map according to their attributes, and put forward the detailed coding project; based on the code databases, it expatiated upon the detailed approaches to create single梖actor map and output the final classification map; it put forward the principles and the method of creating classification units in the environment of GIS, that is how to keep the lines of soil polygon, the border of districts and the important objects such as residential areas, banks of rivers and roads ,and how to overlap single梖actor soil map and land use map, and to delete some vector lines of the overlapped map appropriately; it detailed the methods of creating mathematic model of classification coefficients in the environment of computer, and used FOXPRO6.0 programs to realize the automation of calculating coefficients; it represented the method of plotting the final map by overlapping various coverages according to the code tables and lookup tables, the process of outputting the cropland classifying map was finished by program.

本文法对耕地等别划分的原则、内容及方法作了较详细的阐述，介绍了多系数综合修正法的耕地等别计算方法及其具体应用和AHP的确权方法；分析了耕地等别划分工作与地理信息系统技术相结合的必要性，简要介绍了地理信息系统软件ARC／INFO及其他相关软件的功能特点，制定了地理信息系统支持下耕地等别划分的技术路线，通过对河北省蠡县蠡吾镇的实证研究，重点阐述了ARC／INFO及相关数据库软件与耕地等别划分结合的有效机制及GIS应用的一些新思想、新方法：提山了对土壤图和土地利用现状图等基础图形数据库进行特征编码的思想和具体的编码方案，阐述了基于与图形库相链接的特征编码表，单因素图提取、成果图的输出的具体实现方法；提出了GIS环境下耕地单元划分的原则和方法，即在保留土壤因素图斑界线、行政界线和重要地物等的原则下，将土壤单因素图和土地利用现状图进行拓扑叠加，对叠加图中的矢量线进行适当的删除；阐述了在计算机环境下，耕地分等参数计算模型建立的方法，并用FOXPRO6.0语言程序实现了参数计算的自动化；阐述了根据图形库特征编码表和建立绘图符号查找表，按不同图层叠加绘制成果图的方法，该过程用命令程序实现耕地等别图的输出。

The Geobiology and Astrobiology group researches on Geobiology studies of the interactions that occur between the biosphere and the geosphere, and Astrobiology studies of the big bang, progressing to the destiny of man, the limits of life and habitability on our planet, organisms in certain condition, and the detection of extraterrestrial life.

该研究组主要研究地理生物学，包括生物圈和岩石层之间的相互作用，和太空生物学研究，包括宇宙大爆炸，人类的命运，地球上生命和居住环境的限制因素，一定环境下的有机体，以及宇宙生命的探索。

Based on the existed research, the study found that the selection of these subjects have rarely been studied, so the selection of this theme has significance in the information society geography theory and can rich the tourist sites in geography study and can guide new thoughts. The second part discusses distance decay effects in web sever when attenuation theory be chose in electronic age location. It considers 7 factors: knowledge spillover environment and yi to technological innovation information reaches nature, decision-maker behavior,human capital factor, supply chain environment, yi to the developed communication net and network of communication lines reaches nature, agglomeration factor, commercial and trade circumstance. Part three studies location significance of outdoor sports websites. Though investigating and analyzing our country 30 cities's outdoor sports websites in China, the author gives out the location characteristics of outdoor sports websites in actual geographical space, and take Shijiazhuang for example, the author analyzes the stadiums gathering effection to the outdoor sports websites which are near the stadiums, and dividing the location into gathering area and non-gathering area the author studies the effects for information flow guiding people flow. Part four is the conclusion which includes four conclusions reached by this article.

在国内外已有研究的基础上，发现本文的选题在国内外研究中基本处于空白状态，对于丰富信息社会地理学理论及引导旅游网站在地理学的研究新思维有重要意义；第二部分论述了服务器距离衰减原理在电子服务区位选择中的作用，并分别从知识溢出环境和对技术创新信息的易达性、决策者行为、人力资本因素、供应链环境、对发达通讯网和交通网的易达性、集聚因素和经济贸易因素七个方面进行考量；第三部分通过对我国30个城市的户外运动网站地址进行调查分析，总结出户外运动网站在实际空间分布上的区位特征，并对聚集区与非聚集区的区位在信息流导引人流中的作用—以石家庄市户外运动网站受临近体育场聚集效应的影响为例，作了实证分析；第四部分为结论，总结了本文研究所得出的四点结论。

The established models in which annual precipitation was incorporated as the principal variable indicate a very closely correlation between forest productivity and its corresponding climatic factors,allowing to simulate distribution pattern of actual forest productivity effectiv...

结果表明：在所构建的模型中，除海拔高度与净生产力的相关模型外，其它模型均有较高的实用价值，模型的拟合曲线变化，基本反映了中国森林现实生产力的地理分布格局；中国森林生产力的分布格局主要取决于气候环境中的水热条件，水分条件是决定中国大部分地区森林生产力水平和地理分布格局的主导因素；根据7个GCMs大气环流模型预测合成的2030年的气候情景，研究气候变化对中国森林生产力影响的结果是：气候变化并没有改变中国森林第一性生产力的地理分布格局，即从东南向西北森林生产力递减趋势不变，但不同地域的森林生产力有不同程度的增加。

The most serious desertification occurred in southeast of MuSu Desert,then appeared inferior degree in midst,north,south and east,anddegression degree in other directions.6.The changes of environment in Mu Su Desert in historical times havebeen controlled by climatic changes in temperature and drought-wetwithin hundreds or thousands years.At present,it came into being suchspatial structure and environmental characteristics fordesertification land because of being relative to other naturalgeographic characters and human activities.In all that,physiognomyand hiemal wind are the driving factors.The sandy matter in stratumis the physical fountain factor.The depravation of surface water inthis region is one of representations of environmental changes, meanwhile,it is also the factor which leads to the degradation ofvegetation and desertification.On the whole,human activity has actedupon these natural elements,becoming a dominant factor in the regionalenvironment changes since Ming and Qing dynasty.7.Influencing of human activities on the environment of Mu Su Deserthad occurred before Qin dynasty,and its intensity of earlier influencewas so slight that it could not cause a large scope and long timeenvironmental changes.

沙漠化的程度是东南部最强，中北部、南部和东部次之，而后向其他方向递减。6、毛乌素沙地历史时期的环境变化是受百年乃至千年尺度的气候冷暖、干湿变化控制的，之所以形成目前这样的沙漠化土地空间分布格局和环境特征，则与其地的自然地理特征和人类活动有密切关系，其中地貌及冬季风是动力因素；地层中的沙物质是物源因素；地表水环境恶化是区域环境变化的表现之一，同时又是植被退化和沙漠化的引致因素；人类活动总体上是叠加在自然因素之上的，只是明清以来在局地环境变化中成为主导因素。7、毛乌素沙地人类活动的环境影响在先秦时期就已出现，早期的影响程度是轻微的，不足以造成大范围、长时段的环境变化。

Occurrence records from 1864 locations and 34 environmental variables from Daymet datasets were gathered, four modeling methods including Logistic Regression, Classification and Regression Trees, Genetic Algorithm for Rule-Set Prediction and maximum entropy method were used to generate potential geographic distributions for Dreissena polymorpha in the continental USA. Then three statistical criteria including area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve, correlation and Kappa were calculated to evaluate the performance of the models, followed by analyses of major variable contributions.

论文以1864个美国外来入侵物种斑马纹贻贝定点发生数据和开放式基础地理信息数据库Daymet的34个环境变量为主要信息源，采用逻辑斯蒂回归、分类与回归树模型、基于规则的遗传算法、最大熵法4种途径，建立美国大陆部分潜在生境预测模型，从接受者运行特征曲线下面积、Pearson相关系数、Kappa值3个方面来检验模型预测精度，在此基础上分析斑马纹贻贝的空间分布规律及其环境影响因素。

Being one of environment sensitivity elements, land use occupancies consequence of environment study in monitor and sustainable development.

土地利用作为生态环境系统的一个敏感因子，因其受自然地理因素和人类社会活动的双重影响，在生态环境监测和可持续发展研究中占有非常重要的地位，因此，土地资源问题研究是当今资源与环境问题研究的核心内容之一。

Different semantic meanings of Chinese and English color words lead to the different comprehensions to their metaphoric meanings.

由于思维方式、社会制度、传统习俗、地理环境，民族心理和其他因素的不同，对颜色词在理解的语言习惯和掌握运用方面不同，因此，有必要了解和研究这些差异，使我们能够改善我们的语言能力，从而让跨文化传播收获更大的成功。

The method of fault analysis for six-phase transmission is very complicated, and the research on the protective scheme for six-phase transmission lines is few at the present time, and it had badly confined the practical application of six-phase transmission.

在我国由于耕地面积的减少和地理环境的制约，节约线路走廊占用空间，提高线路的功率传输密度已经成为电网建设需要考虑的一个重要因素，在这方面六相输电方式有着独特的优势。

As one of the main factors of natural environment, land-form effects the folk-customs. It has special significance to unveil the interaction between landform condition and folk-custom issue.

作为自然地理环境中重要组成部分的地貌条件，是影响民俗事象的重要因素之一，揭示地貌条件与民俗事象之间的相互关系，无论对民俗学还是人文地理学的研究，都具有重要意义

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。