地理

Although a mechanism that allow multi-user to edit the same data file can improve the data updating performance and promote the creating and cooperation of geographic data, the so-called version updating conflict problems that arise from the inconsistency of geographic data due to different editing behaviors must be considered beforehand.

一个允许多使用者同时更新同一地理资料档案的机制固然可提升资料更新的效率，并且促进地理资料的建置与分工，然而建置一个多使用者编辑之多版本地理资料库却也势必面临各种编辑者不同的编辑行为可能导致地理资料的不一致，而产生所谓的『版本更新冲突』。

This thesis lays emphasis on the study of the value, cost, market structure, competition strategy and pricing policy of GIP on the basis of the particularity of geographic data and GIP.

本论文就是从地理数据、地理信息产品及其生产的特点出发，着眼于对地理信息产品的经济价值属性，重点探讨了地理信息产品的价值、成本结构、市场结构、竞争战略以及定价策略等。

Supersequence lithofacies palaeogeography maps of Gaoyuzhuang and Wumishan formation in the study area are compiled on condition of supersequence used as drawing unit. This kind of map has some characteristics, such as isochronism, origin continuity and usability. It reveals the characterstic and evolution of lithofacies palaeogeography of different sedimentary period.

论文以超层序为编图单元，编制了研究区高于庄组超层序岩相古地理图4张，雾迷山组超层序岩相古地理图4张，层序岩相古地理图具有等时性、成因连续性和实用性等特点，揭示了不同沉积期的层序岩相古地理及其演化特征。

September 6 to October 16 of the comprehensive survey, the research team took 41 days, more than 7300 km trip, the use of global satellite positioning systems, geographic information systems, remote sensing and other modern high-tech mapping of Sanjiangyuan the 19 regions visited the source and synthesis of observation, was the surveying and mapping, meteorology, hydrology, glaciers, geological, environmental, geographical and other scientific data and information to fill the Sanjiangyuan region to the first of a number of gaps in data on scientific and rational determination of the Yangtze River, Yellow River, Lancang source location, the establishment of a national geographical indications, and other related research has laid a solid foundation.

在2008年9月6日至10月16日的综合考察中，科考队员历时41天，行程7300多千米，利用全球卫星定位系统、地理信息系统、遥感等现代测绘高新技术，对三江源地区有关的19个源头进行了实地考察和综合观测，获得了测绘、气象、水文、冰川、地质、环境、地理等方面的科学数据与资料，填补了三江源头地区地学数据的多项空白，对科学、合理地确定长江、黄河、澜沧江源头地理位置，建立国家地理标志，开展相关学科研究等奠定了坚实基础。

The images haoe the characteristics of audio—visualizatiou and vividness. And it plays an vital rde in stuhent zvderstarding susofale features of geography matters,mastering the spale distribution lavo of geography matters and analyzing the inner relation betroeen the elements of gecgraphy matters.

这些图像具有直观、形象、生动的特点，对学生了解地理事物的表象特征，掌握地理事物的空间分布规律，进而分析地理事物各要素之间的内在联系，起到文字所无法替代的作用，因此，对地理图像教学必须引起足够的重视。

Among different geographic stocks, Eulecanium kuwanai Kanda and Eulecanium gigantean Shinji has already produced heredity differentiation in the certain degree in Hebei province.

结果表明：皱大球蚧和瘤坚大球蚧在河北省不同地理种群之间已经产生了一定程度的遗传分化，在地理位置上由南到北随地理距离的增加、生态环境的变化，差异变得越来越大，遗传差异与地理距离呈正相关。

The former 5 units belong to the Kangdian Palaeogeography System, and the latter 2 units belong to the Cathaysian Palaeogeography System.

前5个古地理单元属康滇古地理体系，后两个古地理单元属华夏古地理体系。

The distribution database and the geographic cladograms of the superfamily was set up. The distribution pattern of the superfamily was concluded and the origination centre of the superfamily was also discussed. We deduced that the South Asia is probably the origination centre of the superfamily. Two new index for zoogeographic analysis, index of high taxa distribution and the possibility index of the origination of a high taxa, were proposed.

应用Diva 软件研究了叶蜂总科族级支序生物地理，建立了地理分布数据库和地理支序图，拟合了叶蜂总科现代分布格局，推断出叶蜂总科的起源中心位于东亚南部，提出了两个新的地理分析指数—类元分布指数It和类群起源可能性指数Io。

According to the analysis of the documents of both the ancient time and nowadays,the course which mankind recognises geographic entity starts with individuality and studies on each individuality's spatial relationship,and then discloses the entity's forms, connections and properties. The course of cognition develops just from toponomy to maps, till geography. The original relationships disclosed these...

根据古今文献记载的分析，人类认识地理实体的过程是由个体开始，继而研究各别个体的空间关系，进而揭示实体的构成、联系和性质，这一认识过程正好是由地名到地图再到地理；由其产生的渊源关系也揭示出三者皆是共同研究人类赖以生存的地理环境的科学，故都是组成地理科学的成员

Thirdly, in order to manage these data better, the paper advances the organization methods of data of commixed Database of Geo-spatial Framework model by integrating some advanced database technologies such as RDBMS and the Spatial Database Engine, namely on the basis of database and the data of Geo-spatial Framework divided in a preceding part of this paper, it describes layer-delaminating, block-dividing, slice-connecting, map-dividing and BLOB etc. to organize spatial data, including DLG, DOM, DEM, and thematic data, taking example for the data of urban planning. At the same time it also realizes integrated management of these data.

然后，本文以管理这些地理空间框架数据为主要目标，集成关系数据库管理系统以及空间数据引擎等相关技术，提出了地理空间框架混合数据库数据组织方法，即以地理空间框架数据库为基础，以分类后的地理空间框架数据为对象，通过采用分层、分块、连片、分幅以及大二进制对象等方法对基础空间数据(包括数字线划数据、数字正射影像数据、数字高程模型数据)和专题数据进行统一组织，并实现了这些数据的关联一体化管理。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。