地方法律

In order, however, that those who ought to attend so very useful a council may not be held back in any way from coming, we hereby grant and concede, with the approval of the said sacred council, to each and every one of those summoned to the council by the said Julius, our predecessor, or who ought to take part, by right or custom, in the meetings of general councils, especially those of the French nation, and to those schismatics and others who are coming to the said Lateran council by common or special right, on account of a declaration or apostolic letter of our predecessors or of the apostolic see (except, of course, those under prohibition), and to the attendants and associates of those who come, of whatever status, rank, condition or nobility they may be, ecclesiastical or secular, for themselves and all their belongings, a free, guaranteed and fully comprehensive safeconduct, for coming by land or sea through the states, territories and places that are subject to the said Roman church, to this Lateran council in Rome, and of residing in the city and freely exchanging views, and of leaving it as often as they wish, with complete, unrestricted and total security and with a true and unchallengeable papal guarantee, notwithstanding any impositions of ecclesiastical or secular censures and penalties which may have been promulgated in general against them, for whatever reasons, by law or by the aforesaid see, under any forms of words or clauses, and which they may in general have incurred.

为了然而，这些谁应该参加这样非常有用的一个委员会可能不会举行任何方式从今后，我们在此授予和承认，并核准说，神圣的理事会，每一个人传唤安理会的朱利叶斯说，我们的前任，或谁应该采取的一部分，由权利或习俗，在会议一般性理事会，尤其是法国的国家，以及那些schismatics和其他谁是未来的说拉特兰安理会通过共同或特殊的权利，考虑到申报或使徒信中我们的前辈或使徒见（当然，除非这些规定禁止），以及人员和同夥的人谁来，无论地位，职级，条件或贵族，他们可能会，教会或世俗的，为自己和所有财物，一个自由，保障和全面的safeconduct ，为今后的陆地或海上的国家，地区和地方，均受说，罗马教会，本拉特兰理事会在罗马，以及居住在城市和自由交换意见，并离开它往往是他们愿意，完全，不受限制和总的安全和真正的和不容挑战教皇的保证，尽管有任何强加的教会或世俗的谴责和惩罚，可能已经颁布了对他们的一般，不论原因，根据法律规定或上述看到，在任何形式的文字或条款，他们可能在一般性支出。

As long as the local experiments are consistent with these basic principles and refrain from causing harm to the interests of national scale, they should be tolerated even if their legality and constitutionality are dubious, since events of "benign" unconstitutionality are often necessitated by excessive limitation of the central constitution and laws imposed on local autonomy.

之所以有必要"良性违宪"，是因为宪法和中央法律过多限制了地方自主权；事实上，既然符合宪法的基本原则和精神，"良性违宪"并不是通常意义上的"违宪"，而只是在现行体制下对宪法的一种"变通"。

With enforcement power dispersed among many federal ,state and local agencies, most of which were seriously undermanned, and with noncompliance penalties so slight as to have little more than harassment value , there were few incentives to obey the laws .

随着执法权力分散在许多联邦，州和地方机构，其中大部分是严重人员不足，与违规处罚如此之小，没有什么比骚扰的价值更多，很少有诱因，遵守法律。

Part II also studies the risk situation of domestic banks and the causes leading to the formation of those risks and the author's conclusion is that Chinese banks in particular the four largest state-owned banks are characterized by the following risks:(1)the high percentage of problem loans;(2)poor profit-earning capability;(3)few channels of generating income;(4)heavy burden of tax and other expenditures;(5)the lower percentage of self-owned capitals;(6)poor liquidity;(7)the unsoundness and imperfectness of the internal management structure risk management mechanism and company management structure; to make matters worse, Chinese banks are cornered by our social and economical environments such as the unfledged market mechanism, the poor credit degree of our community, the deficiency of legal system in protecting the legitimate rights and interests of creditors and local protectionism in subordinating banks' credits to those of local parties concerned,etc.

本文还对国内银行风险状况及其成因进行分析，认为目前我国银行业处于高风险状态，主要表现为：在银行经营管理方面，国有商业银行不良资产占比过高(占全部贷款的26.62%)，商业银行盈利性差，收入的多样性差，税赋重，自有资本金比例低，流动性不足，内部控制及公司治理机制等管理制度不健全、不完善等；在社会、法制环境方面，市场机制不健全，社会信用程度低，法律制度不完善，地方保护倾向明显，等等。

Ultimately, you to have to find some way to govern this ungoverned space, this lawless sanctuary that the pirates have in Somalia.

最终你必须得找到某中方法来管理这个没无政府的地方-这个海盗们在索马里拥有的没有法律约束的避难天堂。

It is the best proof of the propriety of such a course — as well as of the continuity and uniform character of human progress — that we can trace everywhere, disguised under a variety of symbolical forms in the higher layers of civilization, the rude modes of life and forms of law with which the examination of the lower makes us familiar.

它是这样一种过程的适当性的最佳证据——对人类进步的持续性和特征统一同样如此——这过程我们可以在每一个地方追踪到它，它被掩藏在文明的较高各层次中种种象征形式之下，掩藏在我们由检查文明的较低各层次而熟悉的野蛮生活模式和法律形式之下。

It was the exhilarating effect—upon a prisoner just escaped from the dungeon土牢、地牢 of his own heart—of breathing the wild, free atmosphere of an unredeemed, unchristianised, lawless region.

对于一个刚刚挣脱被自己心灵禁锢的囚犯来说，这个振奋人心的决定犹如使他来到一个未被开发的、没受基督教教化、尚无法律管束的地方，让他呼吸到旷野的自由空气。

Statute laws of a state and customary laws of minority nationalities differ in their features and we can conclude their con flicts by examining marital phenomenon of the minority nationalities in the western villages as following:1.conflict between u-ni versal and special justice;2.conflict between the modern legal culture and traditional one;3.the conflict between"transplant -ed"law and the features of the local nationality;4.the conflict between the state's will and regional pow er.

从广义上看，"习惯法是人们公认并被视为具有法律约束力的一些习惯、惯例和通行的做法"。为了和国家制定法本质上的"国家意志、统治阶级意志"相对照，有的学者则更强调习惯法作为一种知识传统，是"生自民间，出于习惯，乃由乡民长期生活、劳作、交往和利益冲突中显现，因而具有自发性和丰富的地方色彩。"

Simple voyeurism, secretly photographing or videotaping someone in a compromising position or in a private place, already is against the law in most states.

一般的窥淫狂症，秘密地拍照或在一个妥当的位置将某人录到影像带里，或在私人地方，已经违反法律中，最高地位。

Yamen,which used to be the main establishment where the local officials carried out administration and jurisdiction,can be claimed as a carrier of political and legal thoughts of the ancient Chinese people.

衙门是中国古代地方官员行政司法的主要场所，是古代中国人的政治、法律思想的载体。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。