地方法

By this means the ultimate load of eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete members under different temperature can be calculated comparatively accuracy and it is verified by the experiment data.

给出了一种计算三面高温下钢筋混凝土压弯构件极限承载力的简化计算方法，通过此方法能够比较准确地计算出不同温度下钢筋混凝土压弯构件的极限承载力，并为试验数据所验证。

One mechanism, measured in other experiments testing toddlers' ability to resist temptations, is called effortful self-control - how well you can think ahead and deliberately suppress impulsive behavior that hurts yourself and others.

其中一种被应用于其他的测试孩子抗拒诱惑的能力的试验中。这种方法被称之为努力自我控制，也就是你如何很好地超前思考，并且从容不迫地抑制住这种会伤害你自己，也会伤害他人的冲动性行为。

Taking the rates of ethanal and ether extracts,as well as essential oil as indexes,qualtities of Bunge pricklyash from 10 major production areas were evaluated by comprehensive multi-index comparison method.

以醇溶抽提物、不挥发性乙醚抽提物和挥发油含量为指标，应用多指标综合排序方法对全国10个主产地花椒品质优劣进行排序；应用因子分析方法，对影响花椒品质的环境因子进行分析。

Taking the rates of ethanal and ether extracts ,as well as essential oil as indexes,qualtities of Bunge pricklyash from 10 major production areas were evaluated by comprehensive multiindex comparison method.

以醇溶抽提物、不挥发性乙醚抽提物和挥发油含量为指标，应用多指标综合排序方法对全国10个主产地花椒品质优劣进行排序；应用因子分析方法，对影响花椒品质的环境因子进行分析。

Even if is such, I still did not stop to learn to do a website, learned again later so DW and a few otherer software, but say none exaggeratively, those who learn is all I do not have these things almost is to taking book study systematically euqally, the use method of each each code, pushbutton figures out in carrying out a process.

即便如此，我仍然没有停止学做网站，所以后来又学习了DW和其他一些软件，但是毫不夸张地说，学的所有这些东西我几乎没有一样是系统地拿着一本本书学习的，每一行代码、每一个按钮的使用方法都是在实践过程中弄明白的。

Pragmatic presupposition determines the choice of information focus and its position in a sentence,organizes the discourse into a coherent whole,concise,clear and smooth,and achieves the expected stylistic effects.in college english teaching,if teachers teach the knowledge about pragmatic presupposition in listening teaching,introduce the frequently-seen patterns of presupposition, increase the presuppositional sensitivity of students to certain words and structures,guide students to use the theory on presuppositional information to make forecasts on base of written listening material,listen purposefully,and get rid of the distraction of the minor and redundant information,the ability of students to obtain major information and linguistic inference will be strengthened and their listening competence will improve remarkably.george yule divided presuppositional triggers into factive presupposition,non-factive presupposition,counter-factive presupposition,existential presupposition,lexical presupposition and structural presupposition.presuppositional triggers are helpful for us to understand the true intention of the speaker or writer.in college english reading teaching,if teachers introduce the discourse organizing function of pragmatic presupposition and the relevant presupposition triggers,and teach students to use these triggers to communicate with the writer,the comprehension competence of students will be greatly enhanced.the essential function of presupposition is to build a framework for the further development of discourse.in college english writing teaching,teachers can use the theory on pragmatic presupposition to construct a handy training program for textual organization,increase the textual coherence, economy and structural perfection of the english writings by students.in college english translation teaching,teachers should focus on developing the pragmatic presuppositional thinking of students,enable them to grasp the presupposed information in source text / speech exactly,understand the original thoroughly,correctly reorganize and reproduce the pragmatic presuppositions in the target language,carry out the functional equivalence in translation and successfully realize the smooth and accurate communication.with the instruction of pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,the complete understanding and integral acquisition of english and chinese of students will come true.in conclusion,to implement the curriculum requirements for college english teaching promulgated by the ministry of education of china,we should emphasize the instruction of the theory on pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,carry it through from beginning to end.it's one of the important means to realize the college english teaching reform, improve the effects of college english teaching,strengthenr the practical and integrative language abilities of students,in order to cultivate the compound talents to adapt to the global integration and meet the requirements of the reform and opening in china.

在大学英语教学中，教师将语用预设知识贯穿于听力教学过程中，讲授一些常出现的预设类型，提高学生对一些特定的词语和结构的预设敏感度，引导学生运用预设信息理论对听力文字材料进行预测，有的放矢，排除次要、冗余信息的干扰，增强获取主要信息的能力和语言推理能力，从而提。。。更多高学生的听力理解水平。george yule将预设触发语分为事实预设、非事实预设、反事实预设、存在预设、词汇预设和结构预设，触发语有助于我们在阅读当中理解作者的真正用意。在大学英语阅读教学中，介绍语用预设的语篇组织功能和有关的预设触发语，并利用触发语来与作者进行交流，会极大地提高阅读理解能力。预设的基本功能就是为语篇的进一步发展建立一个框架。利用语用预设理论可以为大学英语写作教学构建一个易于操作的篇章组织训练方法，提高学生英语写作的语篇连贯性，经济性和结构优化。在大学英语翻译教学中，注重培养学生的语用预设思维，准确把握源语的前提信息，透彻理解原文，使语用预设在目的语中正确重组和再现，实现翻译的功能对等，交际的流畅性和准确性，并增强学生对英汉双语的全面性认识和整体性习得。综上所述，为更好地贯彻和实施教育部颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》，在大学英语教学中重视语用预设理论的传授，使语用预设贯穿于大学英语教学的始终，是实现大学英语教学改革的重要手段，改善大学英语教学效果，增强学生的实用综合语言能力，培养符合全球一体化趋势，适应改革开放要求的复合型人才。

With the ray technique, the change of properties of electromagnetic wave when it thrilling through insulator are studied. Some useful engineering calculational formulae to evaluate the electromagnetic characteristics parameter of fiberglas laminates are fully listed.

运用电磁波射线追踪技术详细地研究了电磁波透过绝缘介质后的电磁特性变化情况，完整地给出了玻璃纤维或石英纤维层板和夹心结构电磁特性参数（电磁波透过系数、反射系数、插入相位移等）的工程计算方法。

The propose of the research is to insist on the view of applying to solve the various confusion in applying at present when present The Doctrine of Equivalents in China by analyzing dispute in applying of DOE; apply the research method of history analysis and compare synthetically, integrate with the case analysis and draw the conclusion: It is necessary to induct The Doctrine of Equivalents to prevent the tortious people filching the benefit of the inventor and confirm whether the infringed people imitated and copied patent on purpose, it is international tidal current to apply DOE in the processing of patent infringement cognizance, and firstly it must ensure the protecting confine by explaining the claim with compromise explain method, the difference of different extent in patent creation also effect the demarcation of equivalent extension; it should apply the rule of comparing factor one by one rather than comparing the whole equivalent in comparison of equivalents, and needs to be confirmed by increasing the assistant means in the processing of patent infringement cognizance by using Triple Identity Test of Graver; contrast and analyze whether they are equivalent depend on the level of the common technicians in relative domain and it is scientific and reasonable to confirm equivalent time standard by infringement date; in judicial practice of equivalent cognizance, it may use the experiences in Japan for reference to solve the cognizance misunderstanding area of reality in the law and the technology; The superabundance designation that may be understood as a display unfair contract because of neglect and materially misunderstanding should be conditionally applied in current time.

研究目的在于通过分析等同原则在适用上的争议，提出我国适用等同原则时应坚持适用的观点，解决目前在适用中的各种混乱局面；运用历史分析和综合比较的研究方法，结合案例分析；专利侵权认定中引入等同原则是必要的，其实质是防止侵权人窃取发明人的利益，被侵权人是否故意模仿或抄袭专利，不影响等同侵权的判定，运用等同原则判定专利侵权已成为世界性的潮流；适用等同原则首先要对权利要求进行解释以确定保护范围，在解释权利要求时应采取折衷的解释方法，不同专利创造性程度的差异也影响着等同范围的划定；在等同物的比较上，应当适用&逐个要素比较&，而不能适用&整体比较&，在适用&三一致&标准进行侵权认定时，还需要增加辅助手段予以确定；是否构成等同，应当以所属领域普通技术人员的水平来对比分析，以侵权日为等同的时间标准是科学合理的；在等同认定的司法实践中，解决法律事实和技术事实认定上的误区，可以借鉴日本的经验；多余指定可以理解为一个因疏忽大意或重大误解而订立的显失公平的合同，应当在现阶段有条件限制地予以适用。

Basing the ancestorses" research, this part considers synthetically the dialectical relation between the way of network information organization and the findability"s degree of network information organization, puts forwards how organizing the network information resource to face users. In fact," facing users " increases naturally the findability of network information resource.

在基于前人研究的基础上，综合考虑面向用户的网络信息资源组织方法和网络信息资源的可检索程度之间的辩证关系，提出在网络环境下如何组织网络信息，使之真正实现&面向用户&，而真正地&面向用户&自然地就会提高网络信息资源的可检索性。

Based on the basic concepts of data mining , this dissertation compares and analyses the differences of data mining and other methods such as KDD and OLAP , classifies and summarizes the objects of data mining , the findable patterns and the common techniques in detail .

在介绍数据挖掘基本概念的基础上，对数据挖掘与传统分析方法，数据库中的知识发现和联机分析处理做了深入地分析和比较，对数据挖掘的对象，可发现的模式进行了详细地分类，归纳和总结，对数据挖掘常使用的技术做了介绍和分析。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。