地方法

Its brand should be set up on perfect ecological economy, scientific -tech renovation, production standard for blackland green-food raw-material base and quality criterion as well as service. It establishes the safe-code product system, the Rule of Cold Zone Black Glebe Trademark Management and the Measure of Cold Zone Black Glebe Trademark Management, etc, editing the Name List of Cold Zone Black Glebe Specialties in brief introduction, nutritious index and edible instruction in Chinese -English version. It controls production in all aspects of base, farmer and enterprise to ensure the quality of named brand products.

寒地黑土品牌产品的内在品质源于建立健全了以生态经济为统领、生产技术标准、产品标准和服务标准体系，建立并推行了产品可追溯的产品安全码制度，制定了《寒地黑土证明商标使用管理规则》和《寒地黑土证明商标使用管理办法》、《寒地黑土证明商标使用权申请程序》等一系列的标准和执行制度，并编制了中英文对照，集产品简介、营养指标、食用方法于一体的《寒地黑土产品名录》，对生产基地、农户和相关加工企业的生产标准、产品质量进行"硬约束"，从而确保了寒地黑土绿色物产的产品质量和使用寒地黑土品牌的产品质量。

This thesis contributes to geometry compression in the following aspects: Proposes a method of progressive spherical mesh parameterization based on local parameterization by directly projecting the deleted vertices to its neighborhood. Based on spherical mesh paramterization, an adaptive subdivision remeshing method by progressivly redistributing of sampling points is proposed, by this means, the main geometry information of the original mesh can be captured with only a small amount of samples, it can also be used in mesh simplification. By regarding attributes binded on mesh vertices as geometry signals and transferring them onto a uint sphere by means of spherical mesh parameterization, meshes with different attributes are compressed with spherical wavelet successfully with high compression rate. As a kind of lossy geometry compression technique, two mesh simplification algorthimes are also presented in this thesis.

归纳起来，本文的主要贡献有：提出了以直接投影局部参数化方法为基础的网格累进球面参数化方法；在网格球面参数化方法的基础之上，提出了一种基于累进优化布点方案的网格细分采样方法，该方法可以用很少的采样点就可以捕获到网格的主要特征，因此我们也将其用于后面的网格简化工作当中；通过将网格顶点上定义的各种属性看成几何信号，并以网格球面参数化为手段将几何信号迁移到单位球面上，从而成功地实现了用球面小波对各种几何信号的压缩；作为一种有损压缩方法，本文还提出了基于统一距离的网格简化算法和基于重采样的网格简化算法。

Now do we must discuss are not need to change,Should study,How but is you should quickly study,More accurate diastrophism,Only was invariable possibly is changes,Moreover or fast \ initiative diastrophism,Draws a inappropriate analogy,In the past everybody said ten years rub a sword, today we perhaps still needed for ten years to rub a sword,What but is different is we while rubs a sword also to want each hour to make to beat a dog the stick Otherwise, your sword does not have 磨出 to come, the neck on is wiped by yours enemy,Otherwise, the sword 磨出 has come also is the toy The competition is the war,I thought this selected already no need to doubt,The present age, the plagiarism and the surmounting speed nearly already was the speed of light, the people do not even have the time calmly to get down the personal status own achievement.

请高手按照演讲的体裁来翻译：如今的年代我们所要讨论的不是需不需要变化，应不应该学习，而是你应该如何更快地学习，更准确地变化，唯一不变的可能就是变化了，而且还是快速地\主动地变化。打个不恰当的比方，过去大家都说十年磨一剑，今天我们也许仍然需要十年磨一剑，但是所不同的是我们在磨一剑的同时还要每小时制造一根打狗棒。否则，你的剑还没有磨出来，脖子就被你的敌人抹了，而且我们在磨剑的间隙里，要不断地\想方设法地了解一下我们磨剑的方法是否先进，否则，剑磨出来了也是玩具。竞争就是战争，我想这点已经没有什么需要置疑的了。

During the calculation the results got by quintic spline kernel was the best so it was chosen as the proper kernel for the SPH simulation. By comparison of the simulation results got by SPH and finite volume method, it was proved that the buffer cells method proposed in the SPH simulation to implement the Dirichlet boundary conditions was accurate, and this is of great importance for the simulation of flows pass a pipe. At last, the SPH method was improved to simulate the liquid-solid two phase flows and the results show that this method was appropriate for the simulation of flows containing viscous fluid and macroscopic solid components. Now the two methods are both able to predict the continuum flows and rarefied flows severally, but the hybrid program still has some aspects to be improved.

首先用标准算例验证了SPH方法的理论模型和计算程序的准确性；通过比较确定选用五次样条核作为计算低雷诺数下的粘性连续流动时的核函数；采用SPH方法和有限体积法分别对同一管道流动进行了对比计算，证明了本文提出的边界缓冲区方法在实现SPH方法中的流体边界条件时的有效性，解决了SPH方法模拟管道流动时的一个关键问题；巧妙地使用SPH方法对化工分离流动中常见的固液两相流及固液耦合作用进行了模拟尝试，获得了较好的结果；在跨尺度计算方面，目前两个子程序已经能够分别模拟连续的和稀薄的二维管流问题，二者的耦合计算程序还处于调试和优化阶段，各个参数对于计算精度和计算速度的影响规律仍在探索中。

In order to overcome the technological difficulties encountered in the course of insulation fault diagnosis on the base of dissolved gases analysis, several kinds of mathematic models and actualized methods are brought forward to improve the reliability and veracity of fault diagnosis of transformers. The research works are shown mainly as followings:1 A modified fuzzy multi-criteria method is brought forward for insulation fault diagnosis of transformer. Furthermore, a new method for insulation fault diagnosis is proposed on the base of fuzzy multi-criteria together with rule reasoning. With fuzzy diagnosis in the method, fault reasons are filtrated and then the reasons in low probability are prohibited, Moreover, the left reasons are testified by using rule reasoning and then final concludes are drawn in much less misjudge probability and better results.2 On the base of geometry characteristics of C- partition to sample set of DGA data of transformer, a method is put forward to compute effective radius of neighbor field of a sample, number of clusters and values of initial centers. Moreover, the fuzzy C- means cluster model with adaptive weight is brought forward in the first time and then the fault classifier is designed for insulation fault diagnosis of transformer.3 According to the weakness of the degree of gray of gray incidence, a new formula to compute DGI is put forward and then incidence order criterion is ascertained. Moreover, a new DGI model for fault diagnosis is proposed according to the further analysis to relationship between fault reason and content of oil dissolved gases of transformer.

为解决在应用油中溶解气体分析方法（Dissolved Gases Analysis，简称DGA）诊断变压器内部绝缘故障时所遇到的主要技术难题，论文提出了用于提高变压器故障诊断准确性和可靠性的数学模型及实现方法，主要研究工作如下：1）提出了一种改进的变压器绝缘故障诊断模糊综合评判方法；进一步提出了将模糊综合诊断与规则推理相结合进行绝缘故障诊断的方法，该方法采用模糊推理对故障原因进行"过滤"，滤掉可能性极小的原因，然后进一步利用规则推理验证剩下的可能原因，得出最终结论，大大减少了误判比率，获得了较好的效果。2）根据以变压器DGA数据为特征量的样本空间的c-划分几何特性出发，提出了一种求取样本有效邻域半径和聚类数及聚类中心初值的方法，在此基础上，首次提出了一种自适应加权的变压器绝缘故障诊断的模糊c-均值聚类模型，并设计出故障分类器。3）针对常用灰色关联度的不足，提出了一新的灰色关联度计算公式及确定关联序的准则；并在此基础上，通过深入分析变压器发生绝缘故障时的原因与油中溶解特征气体含量的关系，建立了一种新的故障诊断灰色关联模型；通过实例分析证明，该方法能有效地诊断出变压器绝缘故障及故障部位，大大提高了诊断的准确性。

The methodology classified the objects of module partition to improve the flexibility and maneuverability. In addition, the methodology focused on research of module partition method, which faced the category of "modular transformation of the existing products ". The methods commendably meet the current needs of enterprises and have strong practical significance. In the end, presented the corresponding mathematical methods.

针对两类方法的优缺点，提出了一种柔性化模块划分方法，该方法突出了模块划分的对象分类，在提高划分方法柔性的同时，也更具可操作性；并着重研究分析了"面向已有产品模块化改造"范畴的模块划分分组方法，并明确了相应的谱系聚类数学方法，该方法较强地适应了当前企业的设计需求，具有较强的实践意义。

According to the principle of best linear unbiased estimation ,A target localization algorithm for bistatic radar was proposed by pseudo measuring value after coordinate conversion.

利用坐标转换后的伪测量值，根据最佳线性无偏估计原理，提出一种双基地雷达目标的定位方法并给出了算法定位误差的Cramer-Rao理论下限表达式，在不同噪声条件下对算法进行仿真计算，结果表明该方法可以显著提高双基地雷达目标的定位精度，其理论下限和仿真结果都明显优于最小二乘方法。

Main points of the thesis are as follows:(1) The main function models and information relations between these models in the CAPP system in the integrated CAD/CAM project are explained, a new process plan design method is mentioned based on analyses of process plan design. This method is based on the process plan prototype, and develops the prototype little by little until the perfect process plan is completed, the prospect of this method is discussed;(2) The feature abstracting rules and methods are studied, a feature coding system is developed based on GT, all the defined feature models are described by the mathematical methods;(3) The integrated method of CAD/CAPP based on features is mentioned, this method defines a feature exchanging model, and develops an interface software to exchange design data into technology data base, this technology data base includes the design and technology information of the parts;(4) The process plan reasoning method based on features is created, this method uses Mycin algorithm to solve the reasoning of the feature process plan. A process plan making system is developed. In this system part process plan is made by the semi-intelligent method, this method uses the feature reasoning, feature process chain searching and man-computer talking together;(5) The main structure of the HOPE system is introduced, a shaft drawing and its process plan made by this system are shown, the data process problem in process drawing making is also discussed;(6) A new method of describing process rule is introduced, this method uses IfThen rules and neural nets weight values together to describe process rules, the BP algorithm is adopted in this method;(7) The optimal machining sequence problem of the process steps on the same fixturing is discussed, optimal algorithms SA is applied to solve this problem, the result shows that this method is more efficient than the traditional method;(8) All jobs in the thesis are summarized. In order to carry out the research in the future, some rational proposals are given.

全文论述的内容主要有下列几个方面：(1)较为系统地阐述了CAD／CAM一体化工程项目中CAPP系统的主要功能模块及其信息流程，在分析工艺设计过程的基础上，提出了基于特征原型的渐进式工艺设计方法，并探讨了该方法的应用前景；(2)研究了零件特征提取的原则和方法，在成组技术的基础上，开发了一套基于特征的分类编码系统，并在提取零件特征的基础上，定义了零件特征的数据模型，开发了基于轴类零件特征的参数化设计系统；(3)研究了基于特征的CAD／CAPP集成的方法，通过定义零件特征数据模型的存储结构，开发了将设计数据转换到工艺数据库中的接口程序，为后续的CAPP系统提供必要的零件形状和工艺信息；(4)研究了基于特征的工艺推理方法，将Mycin算法应用到工艺决策中，开发了基于特征的工艺推理及工艺方案生成系统，在系统中综合运用特征推理、特征加工工艺链查询及人机对话相结合的半智能化方法确定零件加工工艺；(5)介绍了整个HOPE系统的总体结构，通过运行HOPE系统绘出了一轴类零件的零件图，并生成了该零件的加工工艺方案，初步探讨了基于特征的工序图生成技术中数据处理问题；(6)研究了工艺设计过程中知识如何有效表示的问题，提出了将显式的IF-THEN规则表示与隐式神经网络权值表示相结合的工艺知识表示方法，并利用BP算法进行了工艺知识表示的初步研究；(7)研究了工艺设计过程中同一安装下工步优化排序问题，利用神经网络中基于模拟退火的理论来解决该工步优化排序问题，实践证明该方法较传统的算法具有更高的效率；(8)总结了本文所进行的研究工作，为今后进一步开展工作提出了较为合理的建议。

An equal cross-section blade was investigated and a finite element model was built parametrically. Geometrical parameters (such as length, width and thickness), material parameters (such as young's modulus and density) and speed of blade were considered as input random variables while the static frequencies and dynamic frequencies were output random variables. Combining the finite element method, response surface method and Monte Carlo method, the statistical properties and cumulative distribution functions of static frequencies and dynamic frequencies were obtained. Probability sensitivities analysis, which combined the slope of the gradient and the width of the scatter range of the random input variables, was applied to quantitatively evaluate the sensitivities of static frequencies and dynamic frequencies with respect to the random variables. The Scatter plots of structural responses with respect to the random input variables were illustrated how to adjust the values of the static frequencies and dynamic frequencies by changing input random variables.

文中以某试验台用汽轮机等直叶片为研究对象，考虑几何参数、材料参数和转速的随机性，通过有限元参数化建模，将确定性有限元方法、响应面方法和Monte-Carlo模拟法相结合，从而获得了叶片静频、动频的统计特性和累积分布函数；同时考虑随机变量的梯度和离散范围对静、动频的影响，通过概率敏感性分析，定量地判断出叶片静、动频对随机输入变量的敏感性；通过绘制叶片静、动频与输入变量的散点图，定量地分析了如何改变随机变量以调整静、动频率的方法。

And he also deduces the complete systemic universal theory that the comic's circling movement from the ancient and it graduated layer upon layer and to evolve from the beginning to the end, and grow out of nothing empty to solid; and the universe formula:E = mn1+n2+…nn + mc2 ;and the truth of the gravitation origin; and the extragalactic nebula red shift phenomenon is the result of its galaxy quality structure and the magnitude characteristic attraction, mutually by no means was far away but explodes, and he obtained the universe theory different from the large explosion completely. At the same time it will explain the abstract cultural natural sciences knowledge truth secret something like: Pan-Gu heaven and earth, the River-Chart and the Luo-River-Book, primal chaos and Yi Gua, the profound and abstruse principles of Daoism, the symbolism number of Yi-ology and so on, and it is so broad and profound mystical that it is to be lost many years in Chinese eternity civilization. Then, he establishment the law of myriad things with one method; and deciphered the method that CongzhiZu instantaneously obtained the girth quotient density earlier near millennium than the European at the Han Dynasty, and broke the misunderstanding that all to think he has use shearing the round technique method in the world; and expounded the Pan Gu truth that the world occurs and forms with, broke the thought Pan Gu was the god superstition which the folk spread; and has cleared the-River-Chart and Luo-river-book is the nature objective reflection appearance of the universe transportation principle; and has opened the universe code numeral secret; and explained the scientific truth Fu Xi drawing the ancient divination symbol, furthermore, the writer has drawn all the ancient divination symbol order orientation diagram that had lost the thousands years of the pre-heaven Lian-shan, the midst Gui-cang, the after earth Qian-kun,and the after heaven Zou-Yiology. Through the universe laws and regulations law of from the beginning to the ultimate and myriad things all out of Pangu River-chart Luo river book primal chaos, explained thoroughly the digital code of the universe myriad things' transports and constitution. The digital code only a digital odd and even, but the binary system code deduced the world myriad things' number.

推论出宇宙万物从无到有、由虚化实、由始到终、从一到万、盘旋古衡地层层量级运动演化完备系统的万有理论；推算出了宇宙万有品质及能量公式 E = mn1+n2+…nn +mc2；论述了万有引力、磁力、电流、微观中的强力弱力诸能量的由来，以及宇宙万有物质和三大力等统一为一体的道理；推论出一切物质构成存在皆是能量结晶体，得出&一切物质皆是能量实在&，&物质本身即是能量&的理论；讲明了银河外星系的红移现象是其盘旋圆合成的星系巨大品质结构和量级特性的引力所致，并非相互远离而爆炸，得出了与大爆炸完全不同的理论；同时破解了中国博大精深神秘玄奥的华表准天、八节太极、弇兹九宫、盘古天地、河图洛书、太极易卦、天机道秘、象数彖爻等自然科学知识道理奥秘；释解并创立了万物同准法理论；解密了古代祖冲之早於欧洲近千年，瞬间得出圆周率密率的方法，打破了世界上都认为密率是用割圆术等推算出的误解；阐明了盘古天地发生形成的宇宙自然之道，以及日晷观天历纪二十四节气等等，许多天地万物万事的科学同准方法，揭秘了认为盘古是民间流传的神话迷信；理清了河图洛书是天地垂象万物负图之客观自然规律出现的宇宙物有运化成物的基本道理的数理定律；解开了现代专家教授都迷惑不解的太极易卦天地编码万物数理秘密；释解了伏羲画卦的科学道理，把失传数千年的先天连山易、中天归藏易、后地乾坤形易以及后天周易的遗失卦象次序方位数学矩阵图全都补画出来；通解了宇宙天地万有运化构成的基因数码，只用一这个最简单元始数字，奇偶一二进位地组成编码天地数字推演万物。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。