地方法

As we all known, with the founding of Euclidean geometry in ancient Greece, with the development of analytic geometry and other kinds of geometries, with F.Kline" s Erlanger program in 1872 and the new developments of geometry in 20th century such as topology and so on, man has developed their understand of geometry. On the other hand, Euclid formed geometry as a deductive system by using axiomatic theory for the first time. The content and method of geometry have dramatically changed, but the geometry curriculum has not changed correspondingly until the first strike from Kline and Perry" s appealing.

纵观几何学发展的历史，可以称得上波澜壮阔：一方面，从古希腊时代的欧氏综合几何，到近代解析几何等多种几何的发展，以及用变换的方法处理几何的埃尔朗根纲领，到20世纪拓扑学、高维空间理论等几何学的新发展，这一切都在不断丰富人们对几何学的认识；另一方面，从欧几里得第一次使用公理化方法把几何学组织成一个逻辑演绎体系，到罗巴切夫斯基非欧几何的发现，以及希尔伯特形式公理体系的建立，极大地发展了公理化思想方法，不管是几何学的内容还是方法都发生了质的飞跃。

Then,it concretely analyses and introduces the electrical construct,electrical feature,and program of the control systems of chemical fiber baler.

首先介绍了三菱FX2N的特性特点、程序设计方法和编程方法，程序设计方法和编程方法包括经验设计法、顺序控制设计法和STL步进梯形指令，然后详细具体地分析和介绍了化纤打包机控制系统的组成、电气特征和程序。

At first it introduces the characteristics,method of designing the program,and method of editing the program of Mitsubishi FX2N.The method of designing and editing the program include the Experience Designing Method ,Sequencely Controlling Designing Method,and STL.Then,it concretely analyses and introduces the electrical construct,electrical feature,and program of the control systems of chemical fiber baler.

首先介绍了三菱FX2N的特性特点、程序设计方法和编程方法，程序设计方法和编程方法包括经验设计法、顺序控制设计法和STL步进梯形指令，然后详细具体地分析和介绍了化纤打包机控制系统的组成、电气特征和程序。

We also study characteristic index and its determination of complex flocculant, put forward the new concept of total basification degree and present the determined method of B〓.In this paper, the author studied and improved on the Ferron Timed Complex Colorimetry, put forward the determination principle and determined method of the improved Ferron Timed Complex Colorimetry, and determined successfully the iron and aluminum hydrolysis-polymerized species of FMA complex flocculation at the same time.

研究了复合絮凝剂的特性指标及其分析测定方法、复合絮凝剂的絮凝特性评价方法，提出了总碱化度作为复合絮凝剂特性指标的新概念，并给出了分析测定方法；研究改进了Ferron逐时配合比色法，提出了复合体系中铁铝水解聚合形态同时测定的测定原理及方法，成功地将其用于FMA中铁铝水解聚合形态的同时测定。

Based on the higher mathematics method proved inequalities are summarized, and the proposed using the function extreme value and the monotonicity and concave and convex function sex, and mean value theorem, Taylor formula, integral these common higher mathematics method, combining with concrete examples of each kind of method to solve the problems for type, and the key problem of the specific steps, and points out that the inequality proof of higher mathematics method used properly, improve the difficult easy to ability to solve problems.

本文对不等式证明中的高等数学方法作了归纳总结，提出了利用函数的单调性，极值与最值，函数凹凸性，中值定理，泰勒公式，积分这些常用的高等数学方法，并结合具体实例阐述了每一种方法的适用类型、解决问题的关键和证明问题的具体步骤，指出在不等式证明中恰当地运用高等数学方法可以化难为易，提高解题能力。

This method ensures margins but can not be the best way to pricing in a competitive scenario: some exporters tend instead to consider a flexible cost-plus strategy which allows variations in special circumstances.

在竞争性的场合下，这种方法确保了边际成本，在竞争性的场合下，这种方法确保了边际成本，但不是定价的最好方法：是定价的最好方法：一些出口商相反地倾向于考虑一个弹性的成本加成战略以允许特殊情形下的变动。

The variable geometry truss mechanisms have been studied extensively and systematically by this project. The research plan has been completed all sidedly, and expected results have been obtained. Three new kinds of combination decahedrons and a new class of variable geometry truss mechanism, which is composed of an octahedron and three tetrahedrons connected in parallel form, are proposed. The position analyses for decahedrons, dodecahedrons, triple-octahedrons, combinations decahedron and a new type of structure of variable geometry truss mechanisms are presented by introducing additional extra linear displacement sensors and using resultant elimination and homotopy continuation algorithms. The method of kinematical analysis of variable geometry truss mechanisms is established.

课题组对变几何桁架机构进行了深入的研究，全面地完成了研究计划，取得了预期的成果；提出了三种新的十面体组合机构以及由一个八面体和三个四面体组成的新型变几何桁架机构的结构形式；应用结式消元、附加传感器和同伦方法等提出了十面体、十二面体、三重八面体、组合十面体和新型变几何桁架机构的位置分析方法；建立了变几何桁架机构运动分析的一般方法；建立了简洁的凯恩和拉格伦日动力学的模型；应用有限元和子结构方法，提出了变几何柞架机构弹性动力学模型，导出了逆动力学方程的显式形式；设计和研制了一台可折叠的八面体变几何杵架机构装置等。

The main contributions are summarized as the following.Firstly, assuming demand is segmented by order lead time, a joint pricing and capacity allocation model is formulated considering scenario-based demand. Due to the stochastic discrete variable in the model, robust optimization is used to solve the model. Numerical examples prove our model and method reflect the stochastic characteristics of demand and provide more pratical pricing and capacity allocation policies than other methods of deterministic and stochastic expectation programming methods especially when the capacity is tight.

本文的创新之处概括为如下几个方面：首先，假设制造企业根据交货提前期对市场细分，建立了考虑需求情境的BTO模式下制造企业定价与能力分配的集成模型，利用稳健优化规划方法对此随机模型进行转化和求解，算例仿真表明随机优化规划方法较确定性规划和随机期望值规划方法更好地反映了随机离散需求的分布和波动特征，更加接近实际运作情况；产能越紧张，各类需求的价格差距越大，三种规划方法给出的最优策略差距越大。

Numerical differentiation is that derivative value of a function at a certain point is approximately solved in discrete method.

中文摘要：数值微分就是用离散方法近似地求出函数在某点的导数值，关于数值微分已有许多求解方法，但这些方法都有各自的局限性，并且关于高阶导数近似逼近的方法研究相对较少。

Through analyses and comparisons with other methods, the equation squared root method of current is applied for the distribution line loss. Aim at the shortcomings of traditional equation squared rood method of current, improved methods are presented. This papers presents the treatment of small power sources in distribution network and the loss calculation of transformer winding resistance. In addition, the method on the base of queue is applied for programs.

通过对当前较为成熟的几种配电网线损计算方法的深入研究，分析和比较了这些方法的不同特点，并针对传统均方根电流法的不足，提出了对配电变压器铜损的改进计算方法；提出利用等效容量的概念来解决小电源问题，使得在配电网理论线损计算中对小电源的处理变得简便易行；在配电网理论线损计算的程序实现上，引入了基于队列的设计方法，不仅极大地提高了计算效率，而且可以得到任意节点的线损数据，方便了线损计算和管理。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。