地方政府

But it will come about only when popular demand for some form of downward accountability on the part of local governments and businesses is supported by a central government strong enough to force local elites to obey the country's rules.

但是，只有满足以下条件——当民众呼吁地方政府和企业向下负责的诉求得到中央政府足够强大的支持，以至于可以迫使地方精英遵守国家的规定时，它才会降临。

The investigation shows that the local authorities only implement, but rarely make policies in the policy system; county being the main body only means the loan economy with the transfer payment lacking the amount; the system of separation between fiscal right and affairs right makes it difficult for people to find out who should be responsible for the educational funds which is contradictable to what is stated on the document.

调查发现，在政策规制中地方政府只有执行而很少决策，"以县为主"只是借贷经济而已，转移支付并没有定数，而"财权事权分离"的制度使公众寻找不到教育经费的责任人，这与纸面上说得通的文件是不一样的；然而地方真实的行政系统却充满了积极的精神，正是"政策变异"的作法维持了穷国办大教育的奇迹，但其中也埋伏着失却法理程序的潜在危险。

The three level of government, which is province. county and town are classified as the scope of local government under present administration system.

1地方政府行政运行成本的概念成本是一个普遍的经济范畴，凡是有经济活动和业务活动的地方，都必然有成本的存在。

But to the fiscal expenditure competition,it is still a new question in various areas.And this kind of competition brings out various problems when it is used as important exterior power to develop the economy by local governments.

而在自由支配权限日益增大的情况下，各级地方政府为了吸引更多的经济资源、资本投资流入到本辖区，竞相提供优质的地方公共产品和更好的财税优惠政策，这就产生了财政支出竞争与税收竞争。

One characteristic of federalism is its allocation of the power to control local matters to the local governments.

联邦制的一个特征是把处理地方事务的权力交给地方政府。

On the one hand, they have to recognize the authority of the Chinese government and seek to cooperate with it in order to gain entrance into the country.

本文以珠三角的国际NGO为个案，着重分析在这样的背景下，国际NGO在中国如何具体的工作的，又如何和地方政府发生具体的关联，本文试图指出国际NGO力图在文化上不断嵌入到地方的治理体系中去，以适应当地的权力格局。

The local government competition has both positive and negative impaction on the local governance. Removing the local government competition is impossible.

地方政府竞争对我国地方治理的作用既有推动发展的一面，又有阻碍发展的一面。

The main research points are municipal local government state-owned assets business budget research, the comparison and choice of local state-owned assets enterprises budge designing methods, the research of state-owned authorized enterprises budget, classified budget responsibilities of principal body and definition of rights, giving consideration to both budget laws, and enterprises laws, seeking the combination of infelicity and flexibility of budget.

将重点从以下方面进行研究：市一级地方政府国有资产经营预算研究，地方国有资产经营公司一级预算编制方法的比较和选择，国有授权经营单位的经营预算的研究，各级预算编制主体的责任和权利的界定，并兼顾预算法、公司法等法规的要求，寻求预算刚性和柔性结合点等。

According to the Constitution at that time, each based on popular election of local governments have local autonomy.

根据当时的宪法规定，每人以全民选举为基础的地方政府都有地方自治权。

The main objective of Republic Act 7160, otherwise known as he Local government Code of 1991, is local autonomy and self-reliance in all aspects of local governance and administration.

的主要目标共和国法7160 ，他也被称为地方政府码的1991年，是当地自治和自力更生的所有方面的地方治理和管理。

The basic concept of FOP can be summarized as to further optimize effective prescription according to the standard of curative effects and with the aid of modern science and technology and theories of traditional Chinese medicine.

其基本内涵可概括为：以确有疗效的中药复方为研究对象，以现代科学技术和传统中医药理论为技术支持，以该复方所治病证的药效响应为评价标准，以优化重组疗效更优的新复方为研究目的。

Ever since our world has been a world, native forests have been indiscriminately exploited by man.

自从我们的世界一直是世界原生森林被任意剥削人。